Situational modelling of oil pollution risks monitored by distributed monitoring

The work is studying the distributed system of natural environment monitoring points. The purpose of the study is to solve two main problems of optimization: a) optimization of risks of emergency events; b) optimal cessation of environmental monitoring, which allows to reduce the costs of observation. Monitoring of the environment contaminated with petroleum products is relevant. Traditionally used methods and monitoring itself are expensive and technological complex mechanisms, often requiring satellite data. When studying environmental pollution, it is important to consider situational risks and stochastic irreversible changes in nature. For this purpose, it is necessary to apply the methods and methodology of the system approach, which are used in the article for analysis of complex data structures and entropy of the system. For the informativeness of less long monitoring, it's represented by four main subsystems (capture, operation, selection and decision-making) and evaluated using an information-entropy approach. The work will solve the practical task of monitoring the contaminated environment

On the elastic constants of the zeolite chlorosodalite

The use of force-field based molecular modeling to predict the elastic constants of the zeolite chlorosodalite is described. Theoretical predictions of the on-axis and off-axis elastic constants strongly suggest that an error exists in the published elastic constants of the material. When the previous experimental data are corrected by transposing the published directional ultrasound velocities, excellent agreement is observed between the off-axis plots of sodalite produced by experiment and modeling. Further confirmation of the prediction is supplied by considering the Zener ratios of other inorganic materials that possess cubic symmetry. ©2006 American Institute of Physics

Эффективность небулайзерной терапии обострений бронхиальной астмы у детей на догоспитальном этапе

An open comparative research of the efficacy of traditional (based on theophylline) and modern (beta-agonists and anticholinergic drugs) medications in outpatients bronchial asthma exacerbations in children was performed. The observation involved 404 children aged from 1.5 to 15 years divided into two groups depending on a therapy. The groups were comparable on the age, demographic and functional parameters. Subgroups were separated into each of the groups regarding to the exacerbation seventy. The medication effectiveness was evaluated by clinical symptoms of the exacerbation (breathlessness, cough, remote wheezing, physical lung signs) and peak expiratory flow rate and/or lung function parameters as well.The obtained results demonstrated that asthma attacks were stopped in 96.7% of the cases using nebulized short-acting beta agonists (Salbutamol or Salgim) and/or the combined drug Berodual which were given differentially in accordance with the exacerbation severity and the patient’s age: the peak expiratory flow rate became normal, the lung function main parameters tended to their normal values and clinical signs of asthma exacerbation regressed.The nebulized treatment with Berodual was reliably confirmed to be the first-line therapy for moderate bronchial asthma exacerbations as it is optimal in sight of the effectiveness and safety.Проведено открытое сравнительное исследование эффективности традиционного (основу составил эуфиллин) и современных (бета-агонисты и антихолинолитические средства) медикаментозных комплексов в терапии обострений бронхиальной астмы у детей на догоспитальном этапе. Под наблюдением находились 404 ребенка в возрасте от 1,5 до 15 лет, которые были разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от получаемой терапии и были сравнимы по возрастно-демографическим и функциональным по казателям. В каждой из групп были выделены подгруппы соответственно тяжести обострения заболевания. Эффективность медикаментозных комплексов оценивалась субъективной выраженностью клинических симптомов обострения (одышка, кашель, дистанционные хрипы, физикальные данные в легких), а также уровнем показателей пиковой объемной скорости (ПОС) и/или функции внешнего дыхания.Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что на фоне небулайзерной терапии бета-агонистами короткого действия (сальбутамол или сальгим) и/или комбинированного препарата беродуал, назначаемых дифференцированно в зависимости от тяжести обострения и возраста пациентов, в 96,7% случаев был купирован приступ (восстановились показатели пиковой скорости выдоха, имели тенденцию к нормализации основные параметры функции внешнего дыхания при явном регрессе клинических симптомов обострения астмы).Достоверно подтверждено, что небулайзерная терапия беродуалом должна быть “стартовой” при лечении обострений среднетяжелой бронхиальной астмы, так как является оптимальной с точки зрения эффективности и безопасности

Urticaria and angioedema in Yekaterinburg: the realities of clinical practice

This article discusses the features of the clinic and treatment of acute and chronic urticaria in the presence or absence of angioedema in the city of Yekaterinburg in the period from 2017-2019 on the basis of MBU CSCB №1 and MBU CSCB №6.В данной статье рассмотрены особенности клиники и лечения острой и хронической крапивницы при наличии или отсутствии ангиоотеков в городе Екатеринбурге в период с 2017-2019 г. на базе МБУ ЦГКБ №1 и МБУ ЦГКБ№6

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ГОРЮЧИХ СЛАНЦЕВ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЭНЕРГИИ В ТЕПЛОВЫХ ДВИГАТЕЛЯХ

The paper considers tendencies in usage of kerogen shales in the world. An analysis of electrical power cost in the countries of  the European Union has been carried out in the paper. The paper studies criteria that influence on electrical power cost.Рассматриваются тенденции использования горючих сланцев в мире. Произведен анализ стоимости электрической энергии для стран Европейского союза. Рассмотрены критерии, влияющие на стоимость электрической энергии

RESEARCH OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT ACTIONS, MADE BY DEVELOPERS IN EKATERINBURG (BY OCTOBER 2016)

This article is a result of a research by USUAA and UrFU students during the period from 01.09.2016 to 31.10.2016 in research more than 70 students and 15 building companies had participated. In the research, information about energy saving measures in business and dwelling buildings in Ekaterinburg was collected and analyzed. The article describes developers’ energy saving measures and compares them with leading foreign methods. Forecasts and recommendations for development in the site of the energy efficient real estate are offered.Данная работа выполнена на основании исследования, проведенного студентами УрГАХУ и УрФУ в период с 01.09.2016 по 31.10.2016, в рамках учебного курса УрГАХУ «Энергосбережение в архитектуре», в котором приняло участие более 70 студентов и 15 строительных компаний. В статье описаны результаты исследования и комплексного анализа энергоэффективных мероприятий, реализуемых застройщиками в г. Екатеринбурге, а также приведено сравнение местных энергоэффективных жилых комплексов с передовыми зарубежными аналогами. Предложены прогнозы и рекомендации для развития в сфере энергоэффективной недвижимости

Delineation of Two Clinically and Molecularly Distinct Subgroups of Posterior Fossa Ependymoma

Despite the histological similarity of ependymomas from throughout the neuroaxis, the disease likely comprises multiple independent entities, each with a distinct molecular pathogenesis. Transcriptional profiling of two large independent cohorts of ependymoma reveals the existence of two demographically, transcriptionally, genetically, and clinically distinct groups of posterior fossa (PF) ependymomas. Group A patients are younger, have laterally located tumors with a balanced genome, and are much more likely to exhibit recurrence, metastasis at recurrence, and death compared with Group B patients. Identification and optimization of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for PF ependymoma subgroups allowed validation of our findings on a third independent cohort, using a human ependymoma tissue microarray, and provides a tool for prospective prognostication and stratification of PF ependymoma patients

Clinical outcomes and patient-matched molecular composition of relapsed medulloblastoma

© 2021 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Purpose: We sought to investigate clinical outcomes of relapsed medulloblastoma and to compare molecular features between patient-matched diagnostic and relapsed tumors. Methods: Children and infants enrolled on either SJMB03 (NCT00085202) or SJYC07 (NCT00602667) trials who experienced medulloblastoma relapse were analyzed for clinical outcomes, including anatomic and temporal patterns of relapse and postrelapse survival. A largely independent, paired molecular cohort was analyzed by DNA methylation array and next-generation sequencing. Results: A total of 72 of 329 (22%) SJMB03 and 52 of 79 (66%) SJYC07 patients experienced relapse with significant representation of Group 3 and wingless tumors. Although most patients exhibited some distal disease (79%), 38% of patients with sonic hedgehog tumors experienced isolated local relapse. Time to relapse and postrelapse survival varied by molecular subgroup with longer latencies for patients with Group 4 tumors. Postrelapse radiation therapy among previously nonirradiated SJYC07 patients was associated with long-term survival. Reirradiation was only temporizing for SJMB03 patients. Among 127 patients with patient-matched tumor pairs, 9 (7%) experienced subsequent nonmedulloblastoma CNS malignancies. Subgroup (96%) and subtype (80%) stabilities were largely maintained among the remainder. Rare subgroup divergence was observed from Group 4 to Group 3 tumors, which is coincident with genetic alterations involving MYC, MYCN, and FBXW7. Subgroup-specific patterns of alteration were identified for driver genes and chromosome arms. Conclusion: Clinical behavior of relapsed medulloblastoma must be contextualized in terms of up-front therapies and molecular classifications. Group 4 tumors exhibit slower biological progression. Utility of radiation at relapse is dependent on patient age and prior treatments. Degree and patterns of molecular conservation at relapse vary by subgroup. Relapse tissue enables verification of molecular targets and identification of occult secondary malignancies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Therapeutic implications of improved molecular diagnostics for rare CNS-embryonal tumor entities: results of an international, retrospective study

BACKGROUND: Only few data are available on treatment-associated behavior of distinct rare CNS-embryonal tumor entities previously treated as "CNS-primitive neuroectodermal tumors" (CNS-PNET). Respective data on specific entities, including CNS neuroblastoma, FOXR2 activated (CNS NB-FOXR2), and embryonal tumor with multi-layered rosettes (ETMR) are needed for development of differentiated treatment strategies. METHODS: Within this retrospective, international study, tumor samples of clinically well-annotated patients with the original diagnosis of CNS-PNET were analyzed using DNA methylation arrays (n=307). Additional cases (n=66) with DNA methylation pattern of CNS NB-FOXR2 were included irrespective of initial histological diagnosis. Pooled clinical data (n=292) were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS: DNA methylation profiling of "CNS-PNET" classified 58(19%) cases as ETMR, 57(19%) as HGG, 36(12%) as CNS NB-FOXR2, and 89(29%) cases were classified into 18 other entities. Sixty-seven (22%) cases did not show DNA methylation patterns similar to established CNS tumor reference classes. Best treatment results were achieved for CNS NB-FOXR2 patients (5-year PFS: 63%±7%, OS: 85%±5%, n=63), with 35/42 progression-free survivors after upfront craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and chemotherapy. The worst outcome was seen for ETMR and HGG patients with 5-year PFS of 18%±6% and 22%±7%, and 5-year OS of 24%±6% and 25%±7%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The historically reported poor outcome of CNS-PNET patients becomes highly variable when tumors are molecularly classified based on DNA methylation profiling. Patients with CNS NB-FOXR2 responded well to current treatments and a standard-risk-CSI based regimen may be prospectively evaluated. The poor outcome of ETMR across applied treatment strategies substantiates the necessity for evaluation of novel treatments

Cellular Proteins in Influenza Virus Particles

Virions are thought to contain all the essential proteins that govern virus egress from the host cell and initiation of replication in the target cell. It has been known for some time that influenza virions contain nine viral proteins; however, analyses of other enveloped viruses have revealed that proteins from the host cell can also be detected in virions. To address whether the same is true for influenza virus, we used two complementary mass spectrometry approaches to perform a comprehensive proteomic analysis of purified influenza virus particles. In addition to the aforementioned nine virus-encoded proteins, we detected the presence of 36 host-encoded proteins. These include both cytoplasmic and membrane-bound proteins that can be grouped into several functional categories, such as cytoskeletal proteins, annexins, glycolytic enzymes, and tetraspanins. Interestingly, a significant number of these have also been reported to be present in virions of other virus families. Protease treatment of virions combined with immunoblot analysis was used to verify the presence of the cellular protein and also to determine whether it is located in the core of the influenza virus particle. Immunogold labeling confirmed the presence of membrane-bound host proteins on the influenza virus envelope. The identification of cellular constituents of influenza virions has important implications for understanding the interactions of influenza virus with its host and brings us a step closer to defining the cellular requirements for influenza virus replication. While not all of the host proteins are necessarily incorporated specifically, those that are and are found to have an essential role represent novel targets for antiviral drugs and for attenuation of viruses for vaccine purposes