Research into Artistic Images within Linguistic Imagology

The article offers a review of the monograph by O. V. Tomberg “Image. Value. Culture. Linguo-axiological aspects of research into artistic images of Old English literature” (Ekaterinburg, 2019). The monograph aims at working out a methodological approach within the framework of linguistic and linguo-axiological imagology and conducting a research into key artistic images of Old English literature on its basis. The monograph consists of five chapters: “Artistic Image as a Linguocultural Phenomenon”, “Linguoaxiological Highlights of Male Images in Old English Literature”, “Linguoaxiological Highlights of Female Images in Old English Literature”,“Image of God in Old English Poetic Linguoculture”, “Image of the Enemy as a Concentration of Anti-values of the Epoch.В статье представлена рецензия на монографию О. В. Томберг в рамках лингвистической и лингвоаксиологической имагологии

Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children and adults.

The article analyzes the frequency of occurrence, morphological variants and localization of lesions in Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children and some cases of isolated pulmonary lesions in adults.В статье проанализирована частота встречаемости, морфологические варианты и локализация поражений при лангергансоклеточном гистиоцитозе у детей и некоторые случаи изолированного легочного поражения у взрослых

Holocene environmental history recorded in the Lake Lyadhej-To sediments, Polar Urals, Russia

An 1180-cm long core recovered in Lake Lyadhej-To (68°15'N, 65°45'E, 150 m a.s.l.) at the NW rim of the Polar Urals Mountains reflects the Holocene environmental history from c. 11,000 cal. yr BP. Pollen assemblages from the diamicton (c. 11,000-10,700 cal. yr BP) are dominated by Pre-Quaternary spores and redeposited Pinaceae pollen, pointing to a high terrestrial input. Turbid and nutrient-poor lake conditions existed in the lake c. 10,700-10,550 cal. yr BP. The chironomid-inferred reconstructions suggest that mean July temperature increased rapidly from 10.0 to 11.8°C during this period. Sparse, treeless vegetation dominated on the disturbed and denudated soils in the catchment area. The period c. 10,550-8800 cal. yr BP is noticeable for the lowest lake-ice coverage and the highest bioproductivity during the lake history. Birch forest with some shrub alder grew around the lake reflecting the warmest environmental conditions during the Holocene. Mean July temperature was likely 11-13°C and annual precipitation - 400-500 mm. The period c. 8800-5500 cal. yr BP is characterised by gradual deterioration of environmental conditions in the lake and lake vicinity. The pollen- and chironomid-inferred temperatures reflect a warm period (c. 6500-6000 cal. BP) with mean July temperature at least 1-2°C higher than today. Birch forests disappeared from the lake vicinity after 6000 cal. yr BP. The vegetation in the Lyadhej-To region became similar to the modern. Shrub (Betula nana, Salix) and herb tundra dominated around the lake since c. 5500 cal. yr BP. All proxies are pointing to rather harsh environmental conditions. Diatom assemblages reflect relatively short growing seasons and longer persistence of ice on the lake c. 5500-2500 cal. yr BP. Pollen-based reconstruction suggest significant cooling between c. 5500 and 3500 cal. yr BP with mean July temperature 7-10°C and annual precipitation - 100-300 mm. The bioproductivity in the lake remained low after 2500 cal. yr BP, but biogeochemical proxies reflect a higher terrestrial influx. Changes in diatom content may indicate warmer water temperatures and reduced ice cover on the lake; however, chironomid-based reconstructions reflect a period with minimal temperatures during the lake histor

Evaluation of rituximab therapy in real clinical practice (according to the OREL registry of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: to analyze therapy with rituximab (RTM) in real clinical practice according to the data available in OREL registry of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Subjects and methods. The analysis included 349 patients. All the patients received RTM: 340 – the original drug (MabThera®) and 9 – the biosimilar Acellbia®. 263 patients (75.4%) received RTM in combination with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and 86 (24.6%) – RTM as monotherapy.Results and discussion. Of the 349 patients included in the analysis, 272 (77.9%) patients received RTM as the first biologic agent (BA) (263 patients were treated with the original drug and 9 – with the biosimilar) and 77 (22.1%) patients had previously used the BA. The majority of patients (n=205 (58.7%)) received three or more; 109 (31.2%) patients – one, and 35 (10%) – two RTM courses of RTM therapy. RTM caused a significant reduction in disease activity just after the first therapy course and in the levels of acute-phase reactants (C-reactive protein (CRP) and ESR); after the fifth therapy course, median CRP concentration decreased by 1.4 times and amounted to 7 [1.2; 17.9] mg/l and that of ESR reduced by 1.8 times and was 10 [5; 20] mm/hr (p<0.05).Conclusion. The analysis of RTM therapy in RA patients in real clinical practice demonstrated that in most cases RTM was given as the first BA, in combination with DMARDs, the main agent of which was methotrexate. The use of RTM was accompanied by a significant reduction in disease activity and in the serum levels of acute-phase reactants and autoantibodies

ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF TOFACITINIB THERAPY IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE ACCORDING TO THE ALL-RUSSIAN ARTHRITIS REGISTRY (OREL)

Objective: to analyze the results of tofacitinib (TOFA) therapy in real clinical practice according to the All-Russian Arthritis Registry (OREL). Subjects and methods. The OREL Registry included 347 patients (286 (82%) women and 61 (18%) men) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who initiated TOFA therapy. The male:female ratio was 1:4.7. The patients’ median age at onset of the disease was 42 years; its duration was 8 years. Most of the patients included in the registry had extended- (n=171 (52%)) or late- (n=148 (45%)) stage of RA. Results and discussion. Prior to initiation of TOFA therapy, RA activity according to DAS28 was high and moderate in 91 (64.5%) and 40 (28.4%) patients, respectively; the median DAS28 value was 5.5 [4.6; 6.2]; SDAI – 30.5 [21.4; 42.9], and CDAI – 28.2 [20.0; 37.1]. The use of TOFA was accompanied by significant decrease of disease activity. After 12 weeks, high RA activity was persistent in 32 (22.7%) patients; the number of patients with moderate activity increased to 77 (54.6%), that of those with low activity rose to 15 (10.6%); remission was observed in 17 (12.1%) patients. 216 (62.6%) and 76 (22%) patients received TOFA as first- and second-line therapy, respectively. TOFA was most frequently prescribed when tumor necrosis factor-á inhibitors (19.6%), rituximab (7.8%), tocilizumab (4.3%), and abatacept (5.2%) were insufficiently effective or poorly tolerated. Conclusion. The results of using TOFA in real clinical practice may suggest that the drug has high efficacy in patients with RA. TOFA can be used at a dose of 5 or 10 mg twice daily as both alone and in combination with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. TOFA showed similar efficacy in patients who had earlier taken biological agents and in those who had not

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ACCORDING TO RUSSIAN ARTHRITIS REGISTRY DATA (COMMUNICATION I)

The paper presents the materials of the Russian Arthritis Registry (OREL) that includes 3276 patients from 11 Russian Federation's largest research-and-practical centers situated in Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Tula, Yaroslavl, Tyumen. It discusses the main goals of setting up registries, compares the results of an analysis of the data available in the Russian Registry OREL and registries of European countries and the USA. The findings suggest that there is non-uniform information on clinical, laboratory, and instrumental parameters in the national registers of a number of European countries and the USA. According to its basic characteristics, the Russian Registry OREL compares favorably with a number of other registries in the completeness of data collection, which allows a general idea of rheumatoidarthritis (RA) patients in Russia. For further development of the OREL Registry, it is necessary to concentrate our attention on the following main areas: to improve the quality of filling out documents; to follow-up patients receiving different RA therapy regimens according to the guidelines of the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia for the treatment of RA; to conduct in-depth studies of comorbidity, primarily depressive disorders; to analyze adverse reactions that make RA therapy difficult; to actively use modules for patients' self-rating of their condition; to develop nursing care, etc