1,765 research outputs found
Isotopic Production Cross Sections in Proton-Nucleus Collisions at 200 MeV
Intermediate mass fragments (IMF) from the interaction of Al,
Co and Au with 200 MeV protons were measured in an angular range
from 20 degree to 120 degree in the laboratory system. The fragments, ranging
from isotopes of helium up to isotopes of carbon, were isotopically resolved.
Double differential cross sections, energy differential cross sections and
total cross sections were extracted.Comment: accepted by Phys. Rev.
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Electron emission and defect formation in the interaction of slow,highly charged ions with diamond surfaces
We report on electron emission and defect formation in theinteraction between slow (v~;0.3 vBohr) highly charged ions (SHCI) withinsulating (type IIa) and semiconducting (type IIb) diamonds. Electronemission induced by 31Pq+ (q=5 to 13), and 136Xeq+ (q=34 to 44) withkinetic energies of 9 kVxq increase linearly with the ion charge states,reaching over 100 electrons per ion for high xenon charge states withoutsurface passivation of the diamond with hydrogen. Yields from bothdiamond types are up to a factor of two higher then from reference metalsurfaces. Crater like defects with diameters of 25 to 40 nm are formed bythe impact of single Xe44+ ions. High secondary electron yields andsingle ion induced defects enable the formation of single dopant arrayson diamond surfaces
Studies of the Giant Dipole Resonance in Al, Ca, Fe, Ni and Pb with high energy-resolution inelastic proton scattering under 0
A survey of the fine structure of the Isovector Giant Dipole Resonance
(IVGDR) was performed, using the recently commissioned zero-degree facility of
the K600 magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS. Inelastic proton scattering at
an incident energy of 200 MeV was measured on Al, Ca, Fe,
Ni and Pb. A high energy resolution (
40 keV FWHM) could be achieved after utilising faint-beam and
dispersion-matching techniques. Considerable fine structure is observed in the
energy region of the IVGDR and characteristic energy scales are extracted from
the experimental data by means of a wavelet analysis. The comparison with
Quasiparticle-Phonon Model (QPM) calculations provides insight into the
relevance of different giant resonance decay mechanisms. Photoabsorption cross
sections derived from the data assuming dominance of relativistic Coulomb
excitation are in fair agreement with previous work using real photons.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figure
Single-atom doping for quantum device development in diamond and silicon
The ability to inject dopant atoms with high spatial resolution, flexibility
in dopant species and high single ion detection fidelity opens opportunities
for the study of dopant fluctuation effects and the development of devices in
which function is based on the manipulation of quantum states in single atoms,
such as proposed quantum computers. We describe a single atom injector, in
which the imaging and alignment capabilities of a scanning force microscope
(SFM) are integrated with ion beams from a series of ion sources and with
sensitive detection of current transients induced by incident ions. Ion beams
are collimated by a small hole in the SFM tip and current changes induced by
single ion impacts in transistor channels enable reliable detection of single
ion hits. We discuss resolution limiting factors in ion placement and
processing and paths to single atom (and color center) array formation for
systematic testing of quantum computer architectures in silicon and diamond
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Possible Diamond-Like Nanoscale Structures Induced by Slow Highly-Charged Ions on Graphite (HOPG)
The interaction between slow highly-charged ions (SHCI) of different charge states from an electron-beam ion trap and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surfaces is studied in terms of modification of electronic states at single-ion impact nanosizeareas. Results are presented from AFM/STM analysis of the induced-surface topological features combined with Raman spectroscopy. I-V characteristics for a number of different impact regions were measured with STM and the results argue for possible formation of diamond-like nanoscale structures at the impact sites
Wavelet signatures of -splitting of the Isoscalar Giant Quadrupole Resonance in deformed nuclei from high-resolution (p,p) scattering off Nd
The phenomenon of fine structure of the Isoscalar Giant Quadrupole Resonance
(ISGQR) has been studied with high energy-resolution proton inelastic
scattering at iThemba LABS in the chain of stable even-mass Nd isotopes
covering the transition from spherical to deformed ground states. A wavelet
analysis of the background-subtracted spectra in the deformed 146,148,150Nd
isotopes reveals characteristic scales in correspondence with scales obtained
from a Skyrme RPA calculation using the SVmas10 parameterization. A semblance
analysis shows that these scales arise from the energy shift between the main
fragments of the K = 0, 1 and K = 2 components.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Fine structure of the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance in 40Ca due to Landau damping?
The fragmentation of the Isoscalar Giant Quadrupole Resonance (ISGQR) in 40Ca
has been investigated in high energy-resolution experiments using proton
inelastic scattering at E_p = 200 MeV. Fine structure is observed in the region
of the ISGQR and its characteristic energy scales are extracted from the
experimental data by means of a wavelet analysis. The experimental scales are
well described by Random Phase Approximation (RPA) and second-RPA calculations
with an effective interaction derived from a realistic nucleon-nucleon
interaction by the Unitary Correlation Operator Method (UCOM). In these results
characteristic scales are already present at the mean-field level pointing to
their origination in Landau damping, in contrast to the findings in heavier
nuclei and also to SRPA calculations for 40Ca based on phenomenological
effective interactions, where fine structure is explained by the coupling to
two-particle two-hole (2p-2h) states.Comment: Phys. Lett. B, in pres
Isoscalar giant monopole strength in Ni, Zr, Sn and Pb
Inelastic -particle scattering at energies of a few hundred MeV and
very-forward scattering angles including has been established as a
tool for the study of the isoscalar giant monopole (IS0) strength distributions
in nuclei. An independent investigation of the IS0 strength in nuclei across a
wide mass range was performed using the facility at iThemba
Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (iThemba LABS), South Africa, to
understand differences observed between IS0 strength distributions in previous
experiments performed at the Texas A\&M University (TAMU) Cyclotron Institute,
USA and the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Japan. The isoscalar
giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) was excited in Ni, Zr,
Sn and Pb using -particle inelastic scattering with
MeV beam and scattering angles
and . The K magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS was used to
detect and momentum analyze the inelastically scattered particles. The
IS0 strength distributions in the nuclei studied were deduced with the
difference-of-spectra (DoS) technique including a correction factor for the
data based on the decomposition of cross sections in previous
experiments. IS0 strength distributions for Ni, Zr, Sn
and Pb are extracted in the excitation-energy region MeV.Using correction factors extracted from the RCNP experiments, there is
a fair agreement with their published IS0 results. Good agreement for IS0
strength in Ni is also obtained with correction factors deduced from the
TAMU results, while marked differences are found for Zr and Pb.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, regular article submitted to PR
Fine structure of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance in Ni, Zr, Sn and Pb
Over the past two decades high energy-resolution inelastic proton scattering
studies were used to gain an understanding of the origin of fine structure
observed in the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR) and the isovector
giant dipole resonance (IVGDR). Recently, the isoscalar giant monopole
resonance (ISGMR) in Ni, Zr, Sn and Pb was
studied at the iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (iThemba LABS)
by means of inelastic -particle scattering at very forward scattering
angles (including ). The good energy resolution of the measurement
revealed significant fine structure of the ISGMR.~To extract scales by means of
wavelet analysis characterizing the observed fine structure of the ISGMR in
order to investigate the role of different mechanisms contributing to its decay
width. Characteristic energy scales are extracted from the fine structure using
continuous wavelet transforms. The experimental energy scales are compared to
different theoretical approaches performed in the framework of quasiparticle
random phase approximation (QRPA) and beyond-QRPA including complex
configurations using both non-relativistic and relativistic density functional
theory. All models highlight the role of Landau fragmentation for the damping
of the ISGMR especially in the medium-mass region. Models which include the
coupling between one particle-one hole (1p-1h) and two particle-two hole
(2p-2h) configurations modify the strength distributions and wavelet scales
indicating the importance of the spreading width. The effect becomes more
pronounced with increasing mass number. Wavelet scales remain a sensitive
measure of the interplay between Landau fragmentation and the spreading width
in the description of the fine structure of giant resonances.Comment: 13 pages,7 figures, regular articl
Народная культура и традиции
CITATION: Donaldson, L. M., et al. 2018. Deformation dependence of the isovector giant dipole resonance : theneodymium isotopic chain revisited. Physics Letters B, 776:133-138, doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2017.11.025.The original publication is available at https://www.sciencedirect.comProton inelastic scattering experiments at energy Ep=200MeV and a spectrometer scattering angle of 0° were performed on 144,146,148,150Nd and 152Sm exciting the IsoVector Giant Dipole Resonance (IVGDR). Comparison with results from photo-absorption experiments reveals a shift of resonance maxima towards higher energies for vibrational and transitional nuclei. The extracted photo-absorption cross sections in the most deformed nuclei, 150Nd and 152Sm, exhibit a pronounced asymmetry rather than a distinct double-hump structure expected as a signature of K-splitting. This behaviour may be related to the proximity of these nuclei to the critical point of the phase shape transition from vibrators to rotors with a soft quadrupole deformation potential. Self-consistent random-phase approximation (RPA) calculations using the SLy6 Skyrme force provide a relevant description of the IVGDR shapes deduced from the present data.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269317309176Publisher's versio
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