Tratamento do transtorno bipolar: eutimia

O transtorno bipolar é um quadro complexo caracterizado por episódios de depressão, mania ou hipomania e fases assintomáticas. O tratamento visa ao controle de episódios agudos e prevenção de novos episódios. O tratamento farmacológico iniciou-se com o lítio. Até o momento, o lítio permanece como o tratamento com mais evidências favoráveis na fase de manutenção. Outros tratamentos demonstram eficácia nessa fase, como o valproato, a carbamazepina e os antipsicóticos atípicos. Dos antipsicóticos atípicos o mais estudado nesta fase do tratamento é a olanzapina. Mais estudos prospectivos são necessários para confirmar a ação profilática de novos agentes.Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder characterized by depression episodes, mania or hypomania and asymptomatic phases. The treatment aims at the control of acute episodes and prevention of new episodes. The pharmacological treatment was inaugurated with lithium. Until the moment, lithium remains as the treatment with more favorable evidences in the maintenance phase. Other treatments demonstrate efficacy in this phase, as valproate, carbamazepine and atypical antipsychotics. Of the atypical antipsychotics, the most studied in this phase of treatment is olanzapine. More prospective studies are necessary to confirm prophylactic action of new agents

l-Tryptophan 4-nitro­phenol tris­olvate

The title compound, C11H12N2O2·3C6H5NO3, comprises a zwitterionic amino acid formed by two nearly planar groups: (i) the indole ring and Cβ, and (ii) the carboxyl group, Cα, as well as the amine N atom, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0084 and 0.0038 Å, respectively. The angle between these idealized planes is 39.47 (9)°. The amine group of the amino acid is in a syn (−sc) arrangement relative to the ring system. The overall crystal structure results from the packing of sheets parallel to the (001) planes. These sheets are formed by a pair of screw axis related parallel networks bound by hydrogen-bond and π–π stacking interactions. The intermolecular cohesion of all organic residues in each of the latter two-dimensional networks is achieved via strong hydrogen bonding, nitro–π and π–π stacking interactions

Bis[glycinium(0.5+)] perrhenate

All the residues of the title compound, (C2H5.5NO2)2[ReO4], are located in general crystallographic positions. The glycine mol­ecules have usual conformations [Rodrigues Matos Beja et al. (2006 ▶). Acta Cryst. C62, o71–o72] with the H atom of the carboxylate group half-occupied, thus bearing a formal half-positive charge per molecule. The perrhenate anion has nearly ideal tetra­hedral geometry. A large number of strong hydrogen bonds give rise to the overall three-dimensional network. A two-dimensional network, parallel to (100), is made up of strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds with a donor acceptor distance of 2.445 (2) Å. A large number of weaker O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds consolidates the structure into an overall three-dimensional network

2-Amino-5-nitro­pyridinium tetraoxido­rhenate(VII) monohydrate

All the residues of the title compound, (C5H6N3O2)[ReO4]·H2O, are located on general crystallographic positions. The 2-amino-5-nitro­pyridinium cation has a typical planar conformation with one of the nitro O atoms −0.058 (5) Å out of plane; the amine H atoms are also a little out of the main ring plane towards the opposite side of the aforementioned O atom [by 0.02 (4) and 0.04 (4) Å]. The perrhenate anion is nearly ideally tetra­hedral. Three distinct N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds give rise to C(8) zigzag chains running along [100]. R 4 4(12) rings involving the two hydrogen bonds in which the water mol­ecules inter­act with the perrhenate anions are also present

Qualidade de vida e depressão em mulheres vítimas de seus parceiros

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quality of life and depression among women who suffer domestic violence and to describe the socioeconomic profile of women who were abused by their partners and aspects of these abuses. METHODS: The study sample comprised 100 women who were abused by their partners and filed a complaint at the Police Office for Women of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Three questionnaires were applied: one for collecting demographic and violence data; the second one (GHQ-28) one to evaluate general quality of life; and the third one (Beck) to quantify depression. RESULTS: Abused women are young, married, Catholic, have children, low schooling and low family income. Alcohol use and jealousy were the main reported factors leading to partner's abuse. Of all, 84% of women suffered physical attacks. It was observed that 72% had depression symptoms; 78% had anxiety symptoms and insomnia; 39% had already thought of killing themselves, and 24% started taking anxiety medications after been abused. CONCLUSIONS: Data analysis suggests that domestic violence is associated with a negative perception by women of their mental heath.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e depressão nas mulheres vítimas da violência doméstica; estabelecer o perfil socioeconômico da mulher agredida pelo parceiro e as particularidades das agressões sofridas. MÉTODOS: A amostra constituiu-se de 100 mulheres que sofreram agressão de seus parceiros e que prestaram queixa na Delegacia da Mulher do Ceará. Foram aplicados três questionários: o primeiro visa a obter dados demográficos e sobre a violência sofrida; o segundo (GHQ-28), sobre a qualidade de vida em geral; e o terceiro (Beck), quantifica o grau de depressão. RESULTADOS: O perfil da mulher agredida é: jovem, casada, católica, tem filhos, pouco tempo de estudo e baixa renda familiar. Álcool e ciúme foram os fatores mais referidos como desencadeantes das agressões, tendo 84% das mulheres sofrido agressão física. Foi observado que 72% delas apresentaram quadro sugestivo de depressão clínica; 78% tinham sintomas de ansiedade e insônia; 39% já pensaram em suicídio e 24% passaram a fazer uso de ansiolíticos após o início das agressões. CONCLUSÕES: A análise dos dados sugere que a violência doméstica está associada a uma percepção negativa da saúde mental da mulher

Energy harvesting from nanofibers of hybrid organic ferroelectric dabcoHReO(4)

We report excellent piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of electrospun nanofibers based on the hybrid ferroelectric 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane perrhenate (dabcoHReO(4)). Ferroelectric nanoparticles are embedded into the fibers being naturally aligned with the major polarization component along the fiber axis. A flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator consisting of an aligned array of dabcoHReO(4) fibers provides a voltage above 100 mV under a moderate strain level. The pyroelectric coefficient in as-electrospun dabcoHReO(4) fiber mat is similar to that in poled polyvinylidene difluoride nanofibers. The results show that the nanofibers based on dabcoHReO(4) have a great potential for pyroelectric and piezoelectric autonomous energy harvesting with natural advantages such as biocompatibility, flexibility, low cost, and easy fabrication. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC