Pengaruh Campuran Feses Sapi Potong Dan Feses Kuda Pada Proses Pengomposan Terhadap Kualitas Kompos

This study aims to determine compost quality (content of N, P2O5, K2O) generated from various mixtures of beef cattle feces and the feces of horses. The method used in this study is the experimental method in the laboratory using a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, ie P1 = C / N ratio of 25, P2 = C / N ratio of 30 and P3 = C / N ratio of 35 and replications 6 times. To determine the effect of treatments, data were analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan test. The results showed that the mixture of feces of beef cattle and horse feces with various C / N ratio did not significantly affect the quality of compost. N content in compost produced = 0.7867 to 0.8000%, P2O5 content = 0.5883 to 0.6000%, K2O = 0.5733 to 0.5883

Kandungan Lignin, Selulosa dan Bahan Ekstrak Tanpa Nitrogen L.Minor Hasil Fermentasi Menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: L. minor telah digunakan sebagai pakan ternak, mengandung nutrient sangat lengkap yaitu protein kasar (22,4%), asam amino lisin (6,9%), metionin (1,4%), dan histidin (2,7%) tetapi kandungan serat kasar (10,16%) dan lignin (17,98%) tinggi. Penggunaan L. minor pada unggas dibatasi hingga 5%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kandungan lignin, selulosa paling rendah  dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen paling tinggi L. minor hasil fermentasi dengan menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum (Th) dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc). Bahan dan Metode: Fermentasi L. minor dibagi menjadi dua tahap: I. Th (3 x 107 spora / 100 gram substrat) dengan menambahkan ZnCO3 (186 ppm) dan dl-methionine (286 ppm); II. Sc (3 x 107 spora / 100 gram substrat). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 20 unit percobaan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 (Fermentasi menggunakan Th selama 1 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 9 hari), P2 (Th selama 3 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 7 hari), P3 (Th selama 5 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 5 hari), P4 ( Th selama 7 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 3 hari), P5 (Th selama 9 hari dilanjutkan dengan Sc selama 1 hari) diulang empat kali. Pengaruh perlakuan dianalisis dengan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara perlakuan. Hasil: Fermentasi menggunakan Th dan Sc memiliki efek yang signifikan (P <0,05) pada kandungan lignin, selulosa dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen. Waktu fermentasi paling baik adalah fermentasi dengan menggunakan Th selama 3 hari dan Sc selama 7 hari (P2) yang meningkatkan BETN (34,42%), dan menurunkan Lignin(1,25%) dan Selulosa (10,62%). Kesimpulan: Fermentasi L. minor dengan kombinasi Th selama 3 hari dan Sc selama 7 hari dengan menambahkan dl-methionine dan Zn telah menghasilkan BETN tertinggi, kandungan lignin dan selulosa terendah.Kata kunci: Kualitas nutrien L. minor,  itik, fermentasi, Trichoderma harzianum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Effectiveness of Pineapple Waste (Ananas comosus) as Natural Disinfectant in Milk Cans

This study aims to study the effectiveness of pineapple fruit waste (peelsand hump) as a natural source of disinfectant in the disinfection process of milk can. The study was conducted descriptively with three treatments, namely  ethanol 96% (P1), pineapple peelsextract 100% (P2), and  pineapple hump extract 100% (P3). The parameters measured were bacterial inhibition zones, decrease of total bacteriaand Coliform.  The results showed that  ethanol 96%was very effective in reducing total and Coliform bacteria by producing a inhibition zone of 25.75 mm, while pineapple peelsand hump extracts were included in the medium category disinfectant by producing inhibition zones of 9.05 mm and 7.25 mm respectively. Decrease in the total number of bacteria in  ethanol 96%treatment (P1), pineapple peelsextract (P2), and pineapple hump extract (P3) respectively 90.43%, 66.15%, and 55.00%, while decreasing the number of Coliform 85.68% (P1), 52.94% (P2) and 51.45% (P3). These results illustrate that pineapple waste is effective to be used as a natural disinfectant in milk cans

Potential of bacteria in sheep feces as biogas formation starter on lignite coal media

Sheep farms produce waste in the form of feces and urine that are organic materials and the source of bacteria. This study aims to determine the potential of bacteria in sheep feces when used as a starter for biogas formation (the number of anaerobic bacteria and biogas production) on lignite coal media. The method used in this study was experimental in the laboratory using a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance, and Duncan test was performed to find out the differences between treatments. The research procedure was divided into two stages. The first stage was in vitro method to select the feces sample with the largest biogas production. The second stage was utilizing enriched media (media 98-5) liquid for observing the growth of bacteria originating from selected sheep feces, and then the bacteria consortium was used as starters on lignite coal media. The treatments were based on the concentration of bacteria consortium used, T1=0%, T2=1.5%, T3=3%, and T4=4.5%. The number of anaerobic bacteria was observed in Hungate tubes, and biogas production was observed in serum bottles. The results showed that the highest number of anaerobic bacteria (1012 CFU/ml) and the highest biogas production (105 mL) were achieved at T2=1.5%. Bacteria in sheep feces can be potentially used as a biogas forming agent on lignite coal media, which is proved by the growth of anaerobic bacteria and the biogas production from present study

The Food Safety of Livestock Products (Meatball, Corned Beef, Beef Burger and Sausage) Studied from Heavy Metal Residues Contamination

The aims of animal husbandry improvements are to increase both the quality and the quantity of livestock production and to ensure the safety of the product. It is necessarry for consumers to pay attention to the food safety of livestock product because it is related to human's health. The research was conducted to determine the food safety of livestock product condition by detecting heavy metal residues on several food products from livestock like meatball, corned beef, burger’s beef, and sausages. This research was explored by using survey's method and purposive technique sampling, then the resulted data were descriptively analyzed. The observed variables were heavy metal contents such as Plumbum (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in which being measured by using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometri ). The result showed that in general, heavy metal residue of Pb from several livestock products (meatball, corned beef, beef burger, and sausages) were smaller than Maximum Residue Limit (MRL), while the Cd’s residue was partly over the MRL concentration, therefore further action has to be taken as it affects the human's health. (Animal Production 12(1): 50-54 (2010) Key words : food safety, MRL, heavy metal Pb, Cd

Pengaruh fermentasi anaerob berbagai kotoran ternak terhadap jumlah telur larva cacing infektif dalam lumpur hasil sampingan pembuatan Gasbio

The study on the effect of anaerobic fermentation of feces from animals (poultry, sheep and dairy cattle) on the number of eggs and infective-larvae of worms in the biogas production was conducted. The purpose of the present research is to elaborate the other benefits of biogas on the effect of environmental safety and health especially on the controlling the environment pollution by endoparasites from animal faeces. The study was conducted in the acid and neutral condition of the substrate. The result showed that the effect of anaerobic fermentation was not significantly decrease the number of infective worm-eggs (P>0,05), but significantly decrease the number of infective worm larva (

THE POTENTIAL OF METABOLITES PRODUCED BY Lactobacillus Plantarum ATCC 8014 AS A BIOPRESERVATIVES AND ANTI-BACTERIAL Materials in ANIMAL FOOD PRODUCTS

Lactobacillus plantarum is a probiotic-lactic acid bacteria that normally lives in the human digestive tract. These bacteria are known to produce metabolites that have inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria and food spoilage. Therefore, the metabolites produced by L. plantarum was potential to be used as a biopreservation for animal product, especially milk and meat. In order to obtain accurate data about the optimal production time of these metabolites and their antibacterial activity, the growth curve of L. plantarum which was incubated up to 48 hours at 37 oC and 5.0% of CO2 was observed. Observations were also made on the inhibition of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and gram-negative (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) which are often found in meat and milk. The results showed that the metabolites produced during the incubation process can inhibit gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. The best production of metabolites is at the 24th hour which shows the diameter of the inhibition zone of 11.9 mm for L. monocytogenes; 11.6 mm for E. coli; 12.5 mm for S. typhimurium and 9.1 mm for S. aureus. Therefore, the production process of biopreservation for food from the results of L. plantarum's metabolism has a potential to be developed and applied to animal product, especially milk and meat