Effet de la fréquence de récolte et des milieux de dilution sur la qualité du sperme de taureau de race Borgou

La présente étude a pour but d’évaluer la production et la qualité de sperme de 17 taureaux Borgou. L’expérimentation a été réalisée sur la base des séances de récolte tous les 4 jours, pendant 36 jours au cours desquels l’efficacité in vitro de six milieux de dilution sur la motilité et la vitalité des spermatozoïdes (spz) a été testée pendant 28 jours. Les résultats ont montré que la fréquence de récolte expérimentée n’affecte pas la qualité des éjaculats qu’on pourrait utiliser pour l’insémination artificielle à l’état frais (+5 °C). L’effet des différents dilueurs sur la motilité et la viabilité des spermatozoïdes, a prouvé que ces spermatozoïdes supportaient moins bien le milieu à base de lait de coco que ceux à base de jaune d’oeuf et de lait de vache. Cependant, tous les milieux de dilution testés peuvent être utilisés pour conserver les semences +5 °C durant 48 heures. La durée de conservation peut être étendue à 72 heures pour le lait de vache et le jaune d’oeuf.Mots clés: Sperme, insémination artificielle, dilueurs, éjaculats, bovin, Beni

The same but different: Understanding entrepreneurial behaviour in disadvantaged communities

While entrepreneurship is widely viewed as being equally accessible in all contexts, it could be questioned if potential or nascent entrepreneurs from minority and disadvantaged communities experience entrepreneurship in a similar manner to the mainstream population. This chapter examines immigrant, people with disability, youth, gay and unemployed communities to explore how their entrepreneurial behaviour might differ from the practices of mainstream entrepreneurs. What emerges is that marginalised communities can frequently find it difficult to divorce business from social living. This can have both positive and negative connotations for an entrepreneur, plus they face additional and distinctive challenges that mainstream entrepreneurs do not experience. The chapter concludes by proposing a novel ‘funnel approach’ that policymakers might adopt when seeking to introduce initiatives targeted at these disadvantaged communities

Le musée français: guerras napoleônicas, coleções artísticas e o longínquo destino de um livro

This paper is about Le Musée Français [The French Museum], a book found in the collection of the library of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in Rio de Janeiro. As a catalog of the Napoleon Museum, it bears witness to the reorganization of the arts in Europe as a result of the Napoleonic wars and the project of making Paris a true successor to Athens and Rome, as the center of a new republic of the arts. This process was the object of a dispute where Quatremère de Quincy and Joachim Lebreton played an important role. It was also one of the causes leading to the exile of a group of artists who then helped to lay the foundations for an academic environment in Rio de Janeiro.O artigo trata de Le musée français, livro que fez parte da coleção da biblioteca da Academia Imperial das Belas Artes, no RiodeJaneiro. Como catálogo do Museu Napoleão, é testemunho do processo de reordenamento, resultante das guerras napoleônicas, do universo das artes na Europa e do projeto de fazer de Paris a legítima herdeira de Atenas e Roma, como centro de uma nova idéia de república das artes. Processo esse que foi objeto de disputa, em que se destacaram Quatremère de Quincy eJoachim Lebreton, e foi uma das causas do exílio do grupo de artistas que esteve na origem da formação do ambiente acadêmico no Rio de Janeiro

Sleep disorders and their determinants in multiple system atrophy

Methods: Information about sleep disorders was collected using a standardised questionnaire in an unselected group of 57 patients with MSA and in 62 patients with PD matched as a group for age, sex distribution, and disease duration. Results: Seventy percent of patients with MSA complained of sleep disorders compared with 51% of patients with PD (p=0.03). The most commonly reported sleep disorders were sleep fragmentation (52.5%), vocalisation (60%), REM sleep behaviour disorder (47.5%), and nocturnal stridor (19%). Except for sleep fragmentation, the incidence of these disorders was significantly higher than in PD. Sleep problems tended to be associated with more severe motor symptoms, longer disease duration, depression, and longer duration of levodopa treatment. Half of patients with MSA with sleep disorders complained of daytime somnolence compared with 30% of patients with PD. Daytime somnolence was significantly associated with disease severity in MSA. Conclusion: This study shows that sleep disorders are more common in patients with MSA than in those with PD after the same duration of the disease, reflecting the more diffuse underlying pathological process in MSA

Efficacité et tolérance de l'association Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatine dans le traitement palliatif du carcinome hépatocellulaire avancé : étude multicentrique rétrospective.

National audienc

Identifying the etiology and pathophysiology underlying stunting and environmental enteropathy: study protocol of the AFRIBIOTA project

Background: Globally one out of four children under 5 years is affected by linear growth delay (stunting). This syndrome has severe long-term sequelae including increased risk of illness and mortality and delayed psychomotor development. Stunting is a syndrome that is linked to poor nutrition and repeated infections. To date, the treatment of stunted children is challenging as the underlying etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that pediatric environmental enteropathy (PEE), a chronic inflammation of the small intestine, plays a major role in the pathophysiology of stunting, failure of nutritional interventions and diminished response to oral vaccines, potentially via changes in the composition of the pro- and eukaryotic intestinal communities. The main objective of AFRIBIOTA is to describe the intestinal dysbiosis observed in the context of stunting and to link it to PEE. Secondary objectives include the identification of the broader socio-economic environment and biological and environmental risk factors for stunting and PEE as well as the testing of a set of easy-to-use candidate biomarkers for PEE. We also assess host outcomes including mucosal and systemic immunity and psychomotor development. This article describes the rationale and study protocol of the AFRIBIOTA project. Methods: AFRIBIOTA is a case-control study for stunting recruiting children in Bangui, Central African Republic and in Antananarivo, Madagascar. In each country, 460 children aged 2–5 years with no overt signs of gastrointestinal disease are recruited (260 with no growth delay, 100 moderately stunted and 100 severely stunted). We compare the intestinal microbiota composition (gastric and small intestinal aspirates; feces), the mucosal and systemic immune status and the psychomotor development of children with stunting and/or PEE compared to non-stunted controls. We also perform anthropological and epidemiological investigations of the children’s broader living conditions and assess risk factors using a standardized questionnaire. Discussion: To date, the pathophysiology and risk factors of stunting and PEE have been insufficiently investigated. AFRIBIOTA will add new insights into the pathophysiology underlying stunting and PEE and in doing so will enable implementation of new biomarkers and design of evidence-based treatment strategies for these two syndromes.Science, Faculty ofOther UBCNon UBCBotany, Department ofZoology, Department ofReviewedFacult