Gait, Strength, And Balance Training For A 43-Year-Old Male Following An Acute Right Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke: A Case Report

Background and Purpose: Although many patients who have had a stroke receive inpatient rehabilitation treatment, there is limited literature that investigates the interventions utilized to treat this population. The purpose of this case study was to describe the inpatient rehabilitation treatment interventions including body weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT), functional electrical stimulation (FES), balance, and lower extremity (LE) strengthening on a patient with a sub-acute right middle cerebral artery (R MCA) stroke. Case description: The patient was a 43-year-old male who recently had a R MCA stroke. He presented with significant expressive aphasia, left-sided hemiparesis, balance and transfer deficits, and impulsivity. His plan of care incorporated BWSTT, FES, balance and cardiovascular training, LE strengthening, education, and over-ground walking. The outcome measures utilized were the Functional independence measure (FIM), and the Postural Assessment Stroke Scale (PASS). His reflexes, gross motor strength, and sensation were also assessed. Outcomes: The patient demonstrated improvements in his left LE (LLE) strength from averaging 2/5 to 4+/5 on manual muscle testing. He improved his independence with transfers, and improved gait mechanics and balance. His PASS score improved from 6/36 to 34/36 and his FIM score from 44/126 to 92/126 by discharge. Discussion: The physical therapy (PT) interventions that targeted LE strengthening, gait, and balance training were beneficial. This patient’s recovery was affected by his immediate treatment, access to equipment and technology, and having an interdisciplinary team. Further investigation should be conducted in different inpatient rehabilitation facilities, for patients with chronic stroke, and for patients in different PT settings

Gait, Strength, And Balance Training For A 43-Year-Old Male Following Acute Right Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke: A Case Report

A cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as a stroke, is caused by an ischemic or hemorrhagic event affecting arteries that lead to the brain causing them to burst or be occluded. The middle cerebral artery is the most commonly occluded artery involved in a stroke. The four most common risk factors involved in having a stroke are: high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease and pervious strokes. Common impairments associated with having a stroke include: hemiparesis, loss of sensation in the face and/or extremities, and difficulties with speech, vision, and gait. The purpose of this case report was to describe the physical therapy management of intensive inpatient rehabilitation interventions, including gait, strength, and balance training, for a 43-year-old Caucasian male who had an acute right middle cerebral artery (R MCA) stroke.https://dune.une.edu/pt_studcrposter/1163/thumbnail.jp

Annotated Bibliography: Literature Review Of Causative And Non-Causative Risk Factors For Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema

Annotated bibliography derived from a review of literature concerning causative and non-causative risk factors for breast cancer-related lymphedema. This document was created by UNE Doctor of Physical Therapy students to establish a knowledge base for clinicians to better understand, diagnose, and educate patients.https://dune.une.edu/lrr/1000/thumbnail.jp

Poster: Literature Review Of Causative And Non-Causative Risk Factors For Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema

Poster outlining results of a review of literature concerning causative and non-causative risk factors for breast cancer-related lymphedema. This document was created by UNE Doctor of Physical Therapy students to establish a knowledge base for clinicians to better understand, diagnose, and educate patients.https://dune.une.edu/lrr/1001/thumbnail.jp

Alternatively activated macrophages promotes necrosis resolution following acute liver injury

Background & Aim Following acetaminophen (APAP) overdose, acute liver injury (ALI) can occur in patients that present too late for N-acetylcysteine treatment, potentially leading to acute liver failure, systemic inflammation, and death. Macrophages influence the progression and resolution of ALI due to their innate immunological function and paracrine activity. Syngeneic primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were tested as a cell-based therapy in a mouse model of APAP-induced ALI (APAP-ALI). Methods Several phenotypically distinct BMDM populations were delivered intravenously to APAP-ALI mice when hepatic necrosis was established, and then evaluated based on their effects on injury, inflammation, immunity, and regeneration. In vivo phagocytosis assays were used to interrogate the phenotype and function of alternatively activated BMDMs (AAMs) post-injection. Finally, primary human AAMs sourced from healthy volunteers were evaluated in immunocompetent APAP-ALI mice. Results BMDMs rapidly localised to the liver and spleen within 4 h of administration. Injection of AAMs specifically reduced hepatocellular necrosis, HMGB1 translocation, and infiltrating neutrophils following APAP-ALI. AAM delivery also stimulated proliferation in hepatocytes and endothelium, and reduced levels of several circulating proinflammatory cytokines within 24 h. AAMs displayed a high phagocytic activity both in vitro and in injured liver tissue post-injection. Crosstalk with the host innate immune system was demonstrated by reduced infiltrating host Ly6Chi macrophages in AAM-treated mice. Importantly, therapeutic efficacy was partially recapitulated using clinical-grade primary human AAMs in immunocompetent APAP-ALI mice, underscoring the translational potential of these findings. Conclusion We identify that AAMs have value as a cell-based therapy in an experimental model of APAP-ALI. Human AAMs warrant further evaluation as a potential cell-based therapy for APAP overdose patients with established liver injury. Lay summary After an overdose of acetaminophen (paracetamol), some patients present to hospital too late for the current antidote (N-acetylcysteine) to be effective. We tested whether macrophages, an injury-responsive leukocyte that can scavenge dead/dying cells, could serve as a cell-based therapy in an experimental model of acetaminophen overdose. Injection of alternatively activated macrophages rapidly reduced liver injury and reduced several mediators of inflammation. Macrophages show promise to serve as a potential cell-based therapy for acute liver injury

Notch-IGF1 signalling in biliary epithelial cells drives their expansion and inhibits hepatocyte differentiation

[no abstract available

Senolytic treatment preserves biliary regenerative capacity lost through cellular senescence during cold storage

Liver transplantation is the only curative option for patients with end-stage liver disease. Despite improvements in surgical techniques, nonanastomotic strictures (characterized by the progressive loss of biliary tract architecture) continue to occur after liver transplantation, negatively affecting liver function and frequently leading to graft loss and retransplantation. To study the biological effects of organ preservation before liver transplantation, we generated murine models that recapitulate liver procurement and static cold storage. In these models, we explored the response of cholangiocytes and hepatocytes to cold storage, focusing on responses that affect liver regeneration, including DNA damage, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. We show that biliary senescence was induced during organ retrieval and exacerbated during static cold storage, resulting in impaired biliary regeneration. We identified decoy receptor 2 (DCR2)–dependent responses in cholangiocytes and hepatocytes, which differentially affected the outcome of those populations during cold storage. Moreover, CRISPR-mediated DCR2 knockdown in vitro increased cholangiocyte proliferation and decreased cellular senescence but had the opposite effect in hepatocytes. Using the p21KO model to inhibit senescence onset, we showed that biliary tract architecture was better preserved during cold storage. Similar results were achieved by administering senolytic ABT737 to mice before procurement. Last, we perfused senolytics into discarded human donor livers and showed that biliary architecture and regenerative capacities were better preserved. Our results indicate that cholangiocytes are susceptible to senescence and identify the use of senolytics and the combination of senotherapies and machine-perfusion preservation to prevent this phenotype and reduce the incidence of biliary injury after transplantation.This work was supported by the UK Medical Research MRC (MR/K017047/1) (to S.J.F.), the Computational and Chemical Biology of Stem Cell Niche (MR/L012766/1) (to S.J.F.), the UK Regenerative Medicine Platform (MR/K026666/1) (to S.J.F.), and the Wellcome Trust Institutional Translational Partnership Award (WT iTPA) (to S.F.-G.). J.M.B. was supported by the Spanish Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) (PI15/01132, PI18/01075, and Miguel Servet Program CON14/00129 and CPII19/00008) cofinanced by “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER); “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” (CIBERehd), Spain; “Euskadi RIS3” (2019222054 and 2020333010); and the Department of Industry of the Basque Country (Elkartek: KK-2020/00008). This research was funded in whole or in part by The Wellcome Trust (grant number 209710/Z/17/Z), a cOAlition S organization

UNBOUND

Featured here, are the extraordinary works of our graduating Fashion Design class. This accomplishment is truly a celebration of the tree years of passion, hard work, and dedication of our students. It\u27s our hope that the fashion industry will partake in the creative endeavors of the emerging designers from the Fashion Design program at Fanshawe College in London, Ontario.https://first.fanshawec.ca/famd_design_fashiondesign_unbound/1002/thumbnail.jp