25 research outputs found

    Pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic of tyrosine kinase inhibitors : exemple of chronic myeloid leukemia

    No full text
    Les inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinases (ITKs) sont une nouvelle classe thĂ©rapeutique ayant connu un grand essor ces dix derniĂšres annĂ©es. Inhibiteurs compĂ©titifs de l’adĂ©nosine triphosphate (ATP), ils sont utilisĂ©s dans le traitement de nombreux cancers dans lesquels une dĂ©rĂ©gulation de tyrosine kinases a Ă©tĂ© mise en Ă©vidence. MalgrĂ© une efficacitĂ© prouvĂ©e, des cas de rĂ©sistance sont rapportĂ©s, en particulier avec l’exemple de la leucĂ©mie myĂ©loĂŻde chronique (LMC) et le traitement par ITK. Cette variabilitĂ© inter-individuelle peut ĂȘtre due Ă  des mĂ©canismes de rĂ©sistance propre de la cellule tumorale ou Ă  des variations dans les paramĂštres pharmacocinĂ©tiques de la molĂ©cule. De nombreuses Ă©tudes ont analysĂ© l’impact de polymorphismes (SNPs) dans des gĂšnes codants pour les dĂ©terminants pharmacocinĂ©tiques et pharmacodynamiques des ITKs. Nous avons analysĂ© l’impact de SNPs sur l’obtention de la rĂ©ponse molĂ©culaire majeure Ă  1 an dans 2 cohortes de patients atteints de LMC et traitĂ©s par imatinib. C1236T, G2677T/A et C3435T, 3 SNPs du gĂšne MDR-1 codant pour la glycoprotĂ©ine P et les SNPs de la rĂ©gion codante du gĂšne SLC22A1 Ă  l’origine du transporteur d’influx hOCT1. L’impact bĂ©nĂ©fique de l’allĂšle 1236T ou haplotype *4 et l’impact pĂ©joratif de l’allĂšle 2677G ou haplotype *1, retrouvĂ©s dans la 1Ăšre cohorte n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© retrouvĂ©s dans la 2iĂšme cohorte suggĂ©rant un impact mineur voire nul de ces derniers sur la rĂ©ponse Ă  l’imatinib. L’impact des SNPs de SLC22A1 observĂ©s dans la 2iĂšme cohorte nĂ©cessite d’ĂȘtre confirmĂ©. Des travaux supplĂ©mentaires Ă  plus grande Ă©chelle, selon des critĂšres nĂ©cessitant d’ĂȘtre harmonisĂ©s, sont nĂ©cessaires avant d’espĂ©rer pouvoir aboutir Ă  une «mĂ©decine personnalisĂ©e» pour l’imatinib mais Ă©galement de façon gĂ©nĂ©rale pour l’ensemble des ITKs.Tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are a new class of drugs having bloomed over the past decade. As competitive inhibitors of the adenosine triphosphate, they are used in the treatment of many cancers in which deregulation of tyrosine kinases has been demonstrated. In spite of dramatic efficacy, cases of resistance have been reported particularly with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and TKI treatment. This inter-individual variability may be due to mechanisms of intrinsic resistance of tumor cells or changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of the molecule. Numerous studies have analyzed the impact of polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic determinants. We analyzed the impact of SNPs on major molecular response at 1 year in 2 cohorts of patients with CML treated with imatinib. C1236T, G2677T/A, C3435T, three SNPs in the MDR-1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein and SNPs in the coding region of the SLC22A1 gene encoding hOCT1. The protective impact of the 1236T allele or haplotype*4 and the pejorative impact of the 2677G allele or haplotype*1, found in the 1st cohort, were not replicated in the 2nd cohort, suggesting minor or no impact on the response to imatinib. The impact of SLC22A1 SNPs observed in the 2nd cohort needs to be confirmed. Further works on a larger cohort, according to criteria that need to be harmonized, are necessary before we reach a “personalized medicine” for imatinib but also for all TKI

    Pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic of tyrosine kinase inhibitors : exemple of chronic myeloid leukemia

    No full text
    Les inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinases (ITKs) sont une nouvelle classe thĂ©rapeutique ayant connu un grand essor ces dix derniĂšres annĂ©es. Inhibiteurs compĂ©titifs de l’adĂ©nosine triphosphate (ATP), ils sont utilisĂ©s dans le traitement de nombreux cancers dans lesquels une dĂ©rĂ©gulation de tyrosine kinases a Ă©tĂ© mise en Ă©vidence. MalgrĂ© une efficacitĂ© prouvĂ©e, des cas de rĂ©sistance sont rapportĂ©s, en particulier avec l’exemple de la leucĂ©mie myĂ©loĂŻde chronique (LMC) et le traitement par ITK. Cette variabilitĂ© inter-individuelle peut ĂȘtre due Ă  des mĂ©canismes de rĂ©sistance propre de la cellule tumorale ou Ă  des variations dans les paramĂštres pharmacocinĂ©tiques de la molĂ©cule. De nombreuses Ă©tudes ont analysĂ© l’impact de polymorphismes (SNPs) dans des gĂšnes codants pour les dĂ©terminants pharmacocinĂ©tiques et pharmacodynamiques des ITKs. Nous avons analysĂ© l’impact de SNPs sur l’obtention de la rĂ©ponse molĂ©culaire majeure Ă  1 an dans 2 cohortes de patients atteints de LMC et traitĂ©s par imatinib. C1236T, G2677T/A et C3435T, 3 SNPs du gĂšne MDR-1 codant pour la glycoprotĂ©ine P et les SNPs de la rĂ©gion codante du gĂšne SLC22A1 Ă  l’origine du transporteur d’influx hOCT1. L’impact bĂ©nĂ©fique de l’allĂšle 1236T ou haplotype *4 et l’impact pĂ©joratif de l’allĂšle 2677G ou haplotype *1, retrouvĂ©s dans la 1Ăšre cohorte n’ont pas Ă©tĂ© retrouvĂ©s dans la 2iĂšme cohorte suggĂ©rant un impact mineur voire nul de ces derniers sur la rĂ©ponse Ă  l’imatinib. L’impact des SNPs de SLC22A1 observĂ©s dans la 2iĂšme cohorte nĂ©cessite d’ĂȘtre confirmĂ©. Des travaux supplĂ©mentaires Ă  plus grande Ă©chelle, selon des critĂšres nĂ©cessitant d’ĂȘtre harmonisĂ©s, sont nĂ©cessaires avant d’espĂ©rer pouvoir aboutir Ă  une «mĂ©decine personnalisĂ©e» pour l’imatinib mais Ă©galement de façon gĂ©nĂ©rale pour l’ensemble des ITKs.Tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are a new class of drugs having bloomed over the past decade. As competitive inhibitors of the adenosine triphosphate, they are used in the treatment of many cancers in which deregulation of tyrosine kinases has been demonstrated. In spite of dramatic efficacy, cases of resistance have been reported particularly with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and TKI treatment. This inter-individual variability may be due to mechanisms of intrinsic resistance of tumor cells or changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of the molecule. Numerous studies have analyzed the impact of polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic determinants. We analyzed the impact of SNPs on major molecular response at 1 year in 2 cohorts of patients with CML treated with imatinib. C1236T, G2677T/A, C3435T, three SNPs in the MDR-1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein and SNPs in the coding region of the SLC22A1 gene encoding hOCT1. The protective impact of the 1236T allele or haplotype*4 and the pejorative impact of the 2677G allele or haplotype*1, found in the 1st cohort, were not replicated in the 2nd cohort, suggesting minor or no impact on the response to imatinib. The impact of SLC22A1 SNPs observed in the 2nd cohort needs to be confirmed. Further works on a larger cohort, according to criteria that need to be harmonized, are necessary before we reach a “personalized medicine” for imatinib but also for all TKI

    Pharmacogénétique et pharmacogénomique des inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinases (exemple de la leucémie myéloide chronique)

    No full text
    Les inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinases (ITKs) sont une nouvelle classe thĂ©rapeutique ayant connu un grand essor ces dix derniĂšres annĂ©es. Inhibiteurs compĂ©titifs de l adĂ©nosine triphosphate (ATP), ils sont utilisĂ©s dans le traitement de nombreux cancers dans lesquels une dĂ©rĂ©gulation de tyrosine kinases a Ă©tĂ© mise en Ă©vidence. MalgrĂ© une efficacitĂ© prouvĂ©e, des cas de rĂ©sistance sont rapportĂ©s, en particulier avec l exemple de la leucĂ©mie myĂ©loĂŻde chronique (LMC) et le traitement par ITK. Cette variabilitĂ© inter-individuelle peut ĂȘtre due Ă  des mĂ©canismes de rĂ©sistance propre de la cellule tumorale ou Ă  des variations dans les paramĂštres pharmacocinĂ©tiques de la molĂ©cule. De nombreuses Ă©tudes ont analysĂ© l impact de polymorphismes (SNPs) dans des gĂšnes codants pour les dĂ©terminants pharmacocinĂ©tiques et pharmacodynamiques des ITKs. Nous avons analysĂ© l impact de SNPs sur l obtention de la rĂ©ponse molĂ©culaire majeure Ă  1 an dans 2 cohortes de patients atteints de LMC et traitĂ©s par imatinib. C1236T, G2677T/A et C3435T, 3 SNPs du gĂšne MDR-1 codant pour la glycoprotĂ©ine P et les SNPs de la rĂ©gion codante du gĂšne SLC22A1 Ă  l origine du transporteur d influx hOCT1. L impact bĂ©nĂ©fique de l allĂšle 1236T ou haplotype *4 et l impact pĂ©joratif de l allĂšle 2677G ou haplotype *1, retrouvĂ©s dans la 1Ăšre cohorte n ont pas Ă©tĂ© retrouvĂ©s dans la 2iĂšme cohorte suggĂ©rant un impact mineur voire nul de ces derniers sur la rĂ©ponse Ă  l imatinib. L impact des SNPs de SLC22A1 observĂ©s dans la 2iĂšme cohorte nĂ©cessite d ĂȘtre confirmĂ©. Des travaux supplĂ©mentaires Ă  plus grande Ă©chelle, selon des critĂšres nĂ©cessitant d ĂȘtre harmonisĂ©s, sont nĂ©cessaires avant d espĂ©rer pouvoir aboutir Ă  une mĂ©decine personnalisĂ©e pour l imatinib mais Ă©galement de façon gĂ©nĂ©rale pour l ensemble des ITKs.Tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) are a new class of drugs having bloomed over the past decade. As competitive inhibitors of the adenosine triphosphate, they are used in the treatment of many cancers in which deregulation of tyrosine kinases has been demonstrated. In spite of dramatic efficacy, cases of resistance have been reported particularly with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and TKI treatment. This inter-individual variability may be due to mechanisms of intrinsic resistance of tumor cells or changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of the molecule. Numerous studies have analyzed the impact of polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic determinants. We analyzed the impact of SNPs on major molecular response at 1 year in 2 cohorts of patients with CML treated with imatinib. C1236T, G2677T/A, C3435T, three SNPs in the MDR-1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein and SNPs in the coding region of the SLC22A1 gene encoding hOCT1. The protective impact of the 1236T allele or haplotype*4 and the pejorative impact of the 2677G allele or haplotype*1, found in the 1st cohort, were not replicated in the 2nd cohort, suggesting minor or no impact on the response to imatinib. The impact of SLC22A1 SNPs observed in the 2nd cohort needs to be confirmed. Further works on a larger cohort, according to criteria that need to be harmonized, are necessary before we reach a personalized medicine for imatinib but also for all TKIsBORDEAUX2-Bib. Ă©lectronique (335229905) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor genotypes and chronic myeloid leukemia outcomes after imatinib cessation for treatment‐free remission

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    International audienceNatural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that can be cytotoxic toward a large panel of solid tumors and hematological malignancies including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Such a cytotoxicity depends on various receptors. Killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIR) belong to these receptors and are involved in maturation process, then in the activation abilities of NK cells. Methods: We investigated the prognostic impact of the KIR2DL5B genotype in 240 CML patients included in two clinical trials investigating tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) discontinuation: STIM and STIM2. Results: After adjustment for standard risk factors in CML, we found that the inhibitory receptor KIR2DL5B‐positive genotype was independently related to a delayed second deep molecular remission (HR 0.54, 95% CI [0.32‐0.91], P = 0.02) after TKI rechallenge but not to time to first deep molecular remission or treatment‐free remission rates. Conclusion: These results suggest that KIR2DL5B could carry a role in lymphocyte‐mediated control of leukemic residual disease control in patient with CML relapse

    Performance of rapid diagnostic tests for imported malaria in clinical practice: results of a national multicenter study.

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    We compared the performance of four rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for imported malaria, and particularly Plasmodium falciparum infection, using thick and thin blood smears as the gold standard. All the tests are designed to detect at least one protein specific to P. falciparum (Plasmodium histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) or Plasmodium LDH (PfLDH)) and one pan-Plasmodium protein (aldolase or Plasmodium LDH (pLDH)). 1,311 consecutive patients presenting to 9 French hospitals with suspected malaria were included in this prospective study between April 2006 and September 2008. Blood smears revealed malaria parasites in 374 cases (29%). For the diagnosis of P. falciparum infection, the three tests detecting PfHRP2 showed high and similar sensitivity (96%), positive predictive value (PPV) (90%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (98%). The PfLDH test showed lower sensitivity (83%) and NPV (80%), despite good PPV (98%). For the diagnosis of non-falciparum species, the PPV and NPV of tests targeting pLDH or aldolase were 94-99% and 52-64%, respectively. PfHRP2-based RDTs are thus an acceptable alternative to routine microscopy for diagnosing P. falciparum malaria. However, as malaria may be misdiagnosed with RDTs, all negative results must be confirmed by the reference diagnostic method when clinical, biological or other factors are highly suggestive of malaria
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