Eficacia de la aprobación automática y del silencio administrativo positivo como mecanismos de simplificación administrativa en procedimientos administrativos sobre licencias de edificación en la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima

El presente trabajo de investigación pretende analizar la eficacia de dos mecanismos de simplificación administrativa empleados en los procedimientos de otorgamiento de licencias de edificación tramitados ante la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima; estos son: la aprobación automática y el silencio administrativo positivo. Se parte de la hipótesis que dicha municipalidad desnaturaliza los referidos mecanismos de simplificación administrativa puesto que desconoce y/o obstaculiza los efectos de estos en los procedimientos administrativos sobre licencia de edificación de su competencia. Este tema resulta relevante ya que la actuación de las municipalidades en los procedimientos sobre autorizaciones administrativas para edificar es un factor determinante para contar con un desarrollo urbano ordenado y con los estándares de seguridad suficientes, así como para tutelar los intereses de los administrados sin generar inseguridad jurídica para los mismos. La investigación se sustenta en el análisis de la doctrina sobre las técnicas de la aprobación automática y del silencio administrativo positivo; en el análisis de la regulación de los procedimientos administrativos sobre licencias de edificación; sobre el análisis de pronunciamientos del Tribunal Constitucional y; sobre el análisis de resoluciones administrativas emitidas por la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima. Se concluye que los servidores encargados de la tramitación de los procedimientos y/o de realizar las acciones de verificación administrativa con posterioridad a la emisión de la licencia de edificación realizan una serie de actuaciones propias de un procedimiento administrativo en trámite, desconociendo la existencia de una resolución ficta que otorga la licencia de edificación ya sea por aprobación automática o por silencio administrativo positivo, quitándole vigencia a dichos mecanismos; lo que implica vulnerar el principio de seguridad jurídica y el principio de legalidad.Trabajo de investigació

Incidencia de la determinación del costo de producción en la rentabilidad de la empresa Jatur S.A.C durante el año 2016

RESUMEN El presente trabajo de investigación titulado “Incidencia de la Determinación del Costo de Producción en la Rentabilidad de la Empresa Jatur S.A.C Durante el Año 2016”, pretende mostrar que la determinación del costo de producción incide de manera significativa en la rentabilidad de la empresa. La presente investigación estudia en íntegro lo concerniente a la determinación del costo de producción y su incidencia en la rentabilidad. Se analizó los componentes del costo que intervienen en el proceso de fabricación de muebles de postformados con la finalidad de determinar un costo de fabricación técnico lo cual permite un análisis minucioso de la rentabilidad, y la fijación correcta de precios de acuerdo al costo y al mercado. Los datos tomados son el fruto de las visitas realizadas al mismo centro de producción de la empresa lo que le da mayor relevancia y objetividad a este trabajo. En este proyecto se trabajó con los tres productos que fábrica la empresa, Couter de lámina postformado, Couter de Acero, Escritorio de melamina, de las cuales se determinó su costo de producción de cada uno de los productos. Se realizó, mediante herramientas contables. Esperamos que esta investigación contribuya y sea de ayuda para aquellos interesados en conocer los beneficios de contar con un sistema de costos en las empresas y conocer la situación de las empresas que fabrican muebles de postformados.ABSTRACT The current work of research named "Incidence of the Determination of the Cost of Production in the Profitability of the Company Jatur S.A.C During the Year 2016”, pretends to show that the determination of cost of production significantly affects the profitability of the company. The Cost Accounting has been changed in order to inform to the ossuaries about, how them can manage the resources of their companies. The current investigation studies about the determining the cost of production and its impact on profitability. This analyze t components of cost that show in the manufacturing process postformed furniture productive process with the finality of generate a technique production cost which means a good analysis of market prices and rentability. The data came from the several visits to the production center of the company. That increase the level of the work in importance and credibility. In this project we worked with all three products manufactured by the company, Couter, Couter Steel, Desk, of which the production cost of each product was determined. It was conducted by accounting tools. We hope that this investigation help to the people who are interested how to know about the benefits of having a Cost System in the business and know is the reality of the postformed furniture manufacture

Microwave surface resistance of pristine and neutron-irradiated MgB2 samples in magnetic field

We report on the microwave surface resistance of two polycrystalline Mg11B2 samples; one consists of pristine material, the other has been irradiated at very high neutron fluence. It has already been reported that in the strongly irradiated sample the two gaps merge into a single value. The mw surface resistance has been measured in the linear regime as a function of the temperature and the DC magnetic field, at increasing and decreasing fields. The results obtained in the strongly irradiated sample are quite well justified in the framework of a generalized Coffey and Clem model, in which we take into account the field distribution inside the sample due to the critical state. The results obtained in the pristine sample show several anomalies, especially at low temperatures, which cannot be justified in the framework of standard models for the fluxon dynamics. Only at temperatures near Tc and for magnetic fields greater than 0.5Hc2(T) the experimental data can quantitatively be accounted for by the Coffey and Clem model, provided that the upper-critical-field anisotropy is taken into due account.Comment: RevTeX, 13 pages with 10 eps figures, in press on EPJ

Identifying Criegee intermediates as potential oxidants in the troposphere

Abstract and poster presented at the AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco 2015.Criegee intermediates (CI) are formed during the ozonolysis of unsaturated compounds and have been intensively studied in the last few years due to their possible role as oxidants in the troposphere. Stabilised CI (SCI) are now known to react very rapidly, k(298 K) = 10-12 to 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, with a large number of trace gases (SO2, NO2, organic acids, water dimers). Still, it remains challenging to assess their effective oxidative capacity, as CI chemistry is complex, spans a large range of rate coefficients for different SCI conformers reacting with water dimers and trace gases, and in addition no reliable measurement technique able to detect ambient SCI concentrations is currently available. In this study, we examine the extensive dataset from the HUMPPA-COPEC 2010 and the HOPE 2012 field campaigns, aided by literature data, to estimate the abundance of SCI in the lower troposphere. The budget of SCI is analyzed using four different approaches: 1) based on an observed yet unexplained H2SO4 production; 2) from the measured concentrations of unsaturated volatile organic compounds (VOC); 3) from OH reactivity measurements; 4) from the unexplained production rate of OH. A SCI concentration range between 5 x 103 and 2 x 106 molecule cm-3 is calculated for the two environments. The central weighted estimate of the SCI concentration over the boreal forest of ~ 5 x 104 molecules cm-3 implies a significant impact on the conversion of SO2 into H2SO4. In addition, we present measurements obtained using our inlet pre-injector laser-induced fluorescence assay by gas expansion technique (IPI-LIF-FAGE) for the above-mentioned campaigns. A recent laboratory study performed with the same instrumental setup showed that the IPI-LIF-FAGE system is sensitive to the detection of the OH formed from unimolecular decomposition of SCI. Building on these measurements, the background OH (OHbg) measured during the two field campaigns is investigated in comparison with many other trace gases to assess if the observations in controlled conditions are transferable to ambient conditions

Identifying Criegee intermediates as potential oxidants in the troposphere

Discussion started 24/10/16We analysed the extensive dataset from the HUMPPA-COPEC 2010 and the HOPE 2012 field campaigns in the boreal forest and rural environments of Finland and Germany, respectively, and estimated the abundance of stabilised Criegee intermediates (SCI) in the lower troposphere. Based on laboratory tests, we propose that the background OH signal observed in our IPI-LIF-FAGE instrument during the afore-mentioned campaigns is caused at least partially by SCI. This hypothesis is based on observed correlations with temperature and with concentrations of unsaturated volatile organic compounds and ozone. The background OH concentration also complements the previously underestimated production rate of sulfuric acid and is consistent with its scavenging through the addition of sulphur dioxide. A central estimate of the SCI concentration of ~ 5 × 104 molecules cm−3 (with an order of magnitude uncertainty) is calculated for the two environments. This implies a very low ambient concentration of SCI, though, over the boreal forest, significant for the conversion of SO2 into H2SO4. The large uncertainties in these calculations, owing to the many unknowns in the chemistry of Criegee intermediates, emphasise the need to better understand these processes and their potential effect on the self-cleaning capacity of the atmosphere

Mycorrhization of fagaceae forests within mediterranean ecosystems

Mediterranean Fagaceae forests are valuable due to their ecological and socioeconomic aspects. Some profitable plant species, such as Castanea (timber and chestnut), Quercus (timber and cork), and Fagus (timber), encounter in this habitat the excellent edaphoclimatic conditions to develop. All Fagaceae plants are commonly associated to ECM fungal species, which are found in these forests in quite stable communities, mainly enriched in Russulaceae and Telephoraceae species. Currently, the Mediterranean Basin is considered as one of the global biodiversity hotspots, since many of their endemic plant species are not found elsewhere and are now under threat. Due to climate changing and introduction of disease agents, Fagaceae forests are facing an adaptation challenge to both biotic and abiotic threats. Although ECM communities are highly disturbed by climate factors and tree disease incidence, they could play an important role in increasing water availability to the plant and also improving plant tree defense against pathogens. Recent advances, namely, on genomics and transcriptomics, are providing tools for increasing the understanding of Fagaceae mycorrhization process and stress responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Such studies can provide new information for the implementation of the most adequate management policies for protecting threaten Mediterranean forests.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Light hydrocarbons in the surface water of the mid-Atlantic

During a cruise of RV Polarstern over the Atlantic in September/October 1988, C2–C4 hydrocarbons were measured in surface sea water. The ship passed through three different ocean regions divided by divergences at 8° N and 3° S. Hydrocarbon concentrations differed considerably in these regions. The highest values were obtained for ethene with mean concentrations of 246 pMol/l between 35° N and 8° N, 165 pMol/l between 8° N and 3° S, and 63 pMol/l between 3° S and 30° S. Low values were found for i- and n-butane and acetylene between 32 pMol/l and 1 pMol/l. The alkene concentrations were in general higher than the concentrations of their saturated homologs. Concentrations decreased with increasing carbon numbers. The various alkenes were well correlated with one another as were the various alkanes. Oceanic emission rates of the light hydrocarbons were calculated from their sea water concentrations using an ocean atmosphere exchange model. The averaged fluxes ranged from about 108 molec cm-2 s-1 for the alkenes and ethane to less than 107 molec cm-2 s-1 for the C4 alkanes. Acetylene emissions were below 3×106 molec cm-2 s-1. Based upon these rates budget estimates of NMHC in the ocean surface layer were made with a simple model considering production and destruction processes in the water. The emissions to the atmosphere appear to be the dominant loss process between 35° N and 8° N, whereas destruction in the water seems to be dominant in the latitude ranges 8° N-3° S and 3° S-30° S