57 research outputs found

    Vector and Axial-Vector Spectral Functions and QCD

    Full text link
    We present new results of the tau hadronic spectral function analysis using data accumulated by the ALEPH detector at LEP during the years 1991-94. In addition to the vector spectral functions, the axial-vector spectral functions and, separately, the tau --> 3pi nu as well as the tau --> pi 2pi0 nu spectral functions are determined from their respective unfolded, i.e., physical invariant mass spectra. The spectral functions are applied to QCD chiral sum rules in order to extract information about saturation at the tau mass scale. Using the the semi-leptonic tau decay rate for vector and axial-vector currents in addition to spectral moments, we obtain precise measurements of the strong coupling constant alpha_s(M_tau) and the contributing non-perturbative power terms. The evolution to the Z mass yields alpha_s(M_Z) = 0.1219 +/- 0.0019.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, LaTex, Talk given at the Fourth International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics (TAU96), Colorado, September 199

    Acute effects of physical exercise of different intensities on mood in healthy adults

    No full text
    Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilken trĂ€ningsintensitet som var mest gynnsam för akutförĂ€ndring av sinnesstĂ€mning i positiv riktning och vilka faktorer som skulle kunna modererasambandet. Studiens hypotes var att intensitet nĂ€ra ventilatoriska tröskeln leder till störstförĂ€ndring av sinnesstĂ€mning i positiv riktning för Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS) positiva skala, vilket motsvarade medel och hög intensitet i den hĂ€r studien.Hypotesen var medelhög och hög trĂ€ningsintensitet leder till större förĂ€ndring avsinnesstĂ€mning i positiv riktning Ă€n lĂ„gintensiv trĂ€ning. Metod Studien anvĂ€nde en experimentell inom-individs design dĂ€r positiv och negativ sinnesstĂ€mningmĂ€ttes före och efter trĂ€ning med PANAS skala. Deltagarna genomförde cykeltrĂ€ning utifrĂ„nsin estimerade maximala syreupptagningsförmĂ„ga (VO2max) under 20 minuter pĂ„ en avföljande intensitetsnivĂ„er per tillfĂ€lle: lĂ„gintensiv (ca 40% av VO2max), medelintensiv (ca 60%av VO2max), högintensiv (ca 80% av VO2max). Resultat 12 friska unga vuxna deltagare slutförde studien. Det fanns ingen signifikant interaktion mellantrĂ€ningsintensitet (lĂ„g, medel, hög) och tid (före trĂ€ning, efter trĂ€ning) pĂ„ positivsinnesstĂ€mning, och dĂ€rmed hittades inget stöd för hypotesen. Variabeln tid visade dĂ€remot ensignifikant huvudeffekt, dĂ€r positiv sinnesstĂ€mning ökade efter trĂ€ning, oberoende avtrĂ€ningsintensitet. Deltagarnas konditionsnivĂ„ hade en signifikant modererande effekt. Varkenstress, Ă„ngest eller kön hade en signifikant modererande effekt. Slutsats Det fanns inget stöd för studiens hypotes att sinnesstĂ€mning skulle förĂ€ndras mest i positivriktning pĂ„ medel och hög intensitet. DĂ€remot fann vi att sinnesstĂ€mning förĂ€ndradessignifikant och i positiv riktning efter trĂ€ning oberoende av trĂ€ningsintensitet. Framtidaforskning bör inkludera en fysisk passiv kontrollgrupp för att utröna om positiv sinnesstĂ€mningverkligen gynnas likvĂ€rdigt av lĂ„g, medel och hög trĂ€ningsintensitet.Aim The purpose of the study was to investigate which exercise intensity was most favorable forchanging mood acutely in a positive direction and which factors that could moderate this effect.The study’s hypothesis was that intensity close to the ventilatory threshold leads to the greatestchange in mood in a positive direction for Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)positive scale, which corresponded to medium and high intensity in this study. The hypothesiswas that medium and high intensity leads to a greater change in mood in a positive directionthan low intensity exercise. Method The study used an experimental within-individual design where positive and negative moodwas measured before and after exercise with the PANAS scale. Participants performed cyclingexercise based on their estimated maximum oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max) for 20 minutesat one of the following intensity levels per session: low-intensity (approx 40% of VO2max),medium-intensity (approx 60% of VO2max), high-intensity (approx 80% of VO2max). Results 12 healthy young adult participants completed the study. There was no significant interactionbetween exercise intensity (low, medium, high) and time (pre-exercise, post-exercise) onpositive mood, thus no support for the hypothesis was found. In contrast, the variable timeshowed a significant main effect, where positive mood increased after exercise, independent ofexercise intensity. The fitness level of the participants had a significant moderating effect.Neither stress, anxiety nor gender had a significant moderating effect. Conclusion There was no support for the study’s hypothesis that mood would change most in a positivedirection at medium and high intensity. However, we found that mood change significantly andin a positive direction after exercise, regardless of exercise intensity. Future research shouldinclude a physical passive control group to ascertain whether positive mood is indeed equallybenefited by low, medium and high exercise intensity

    Acute effects of physical exercise of different intensities on mood in healthy adults

    No full text
    Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilken trĂ€ningsintensitet som var mest gynnsam för akutförĂ€ndring av sinnesstĂ€mning i positiv riktning och vilka faktorer som skulle kunna modererasambandet. Studiens hypotes var att intensitet nĂ€ra ventilatoriska tröskeln leder till störstförĂ€ndring av sinnesstĂ€mning i positiv riktning för Positive and Negative Affect Schedule(PANAS) positiva skala, vilket motsvarade medel och hög intensitet i den hĂ€r studien.Hypotesen var medelhög och hög trĂ€ningsintensitet leder till större förĂ€ndring avsinnesstĂ€mning i positiv riktning Ă€n lĂ„gintensiv trĂ€ning. Metod Studien anvĂ€nde en experimentell inom-individs design dĂ€r positiv och negativ sinnesstĂ€mningmĂ€ttes före och efter trĂ€ning med PANAS skala. Deltagarna genomförde cykeltrĂ€ning utifrĂ„nsin estimerade maximala syreupptagningsförmĂ„ga (VO2max) under 20 minuter pĂ„ en avföljande intensitetsnivĂ„er per tillfĂ€lle: lĂ„gintensiv (ca 40% av VO2max), medelintensiv (ca 60%av VO2max), högintensiv (ca 80% av VO2max). Resultat 12 friska unga vuxna deltagare slutförde studien. Det fanns ingen signifikant interaktion mellantrĂ€ningsintensitet (lĂ„g, medel, hög) och tid (före trĂ€ning, efter trĂ€ning) pĂ„ positivsinnesstĂ€mning, och dĂ€rmed hittades inget stöd för hypotesen. Variabeln tid visade dĂ€remot ensignifikant huvudeffekt, dĂ€r positiv sinnesstĂ€mning ökade efter trĂ€ning, oberoende avtrĂ€ningsintensitet. Deltagarnas konditionsnivĂ„ hade en signifikant modererande effekt. Varkenstress, Ă„ngest eller kön hade en signifikant modererande effekt. Slutsats Det fanns inget stöd för studiens hypotes att sinnesstĂ€mning skulle förĂ€ndras mest i positivriktning pĂ„ medel och hög intensitet. DĂ€remot fann vi att sinnesstĂ€mning förĂ€ndradessignifikant och i positiv riktning efter trĂ€ning oberoende av trĂ€ningsintensitet. Framtidaforskning bör inkludera en fysisk passiv kontrollgrupp för att utröna om positiv sinnesstĂ€mningverkligen gynnas likvĂ€rdigt av lĂ„g, medel och hög trĂ€ningsintensitet.Aim The purpose of the study was to investigate which exercise intensity was most favorable forchanging mood acutely in a positive direction and which factors that could moderate this effect.The study’s hypothesis was that intensity close to the ventilatory threshold leads to the greatestchange in mood in a positive direction for Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)positive scale, which corresponded to medium and high intensity in this study. The hypothesiswas that medium and high intensity leads to a greater change in mood in a positive directionthan low intensity exercise. Method The study used an experimental within-individual design where positive and negative moodwas measured before and after exercise with the PANAS scale. Participants performed cyclingexercise based on their estimated maximum oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max) for 20 minutesat one of the following intensity levels per session: low-intensity (approx 40% of VO2max),medium-intensity (approx 60% of VO2max), high-intensity (approx 80% of VO2max). Results 12 healthy young adult participants completed the study. There was no significant interactionbetween exercise intensity (low, medium, high) and time (pre-exercise, post-exercise) onpositive mood, thus no support for the hypothesis was found. In contrast, the variable timeshowed a significant main effect, where positive mood increased after exercise, independent ofexercise intensity. The fitness level of the participants had a significant moderating effect.Neither stress, anxiety nor gender had a significant moderating effect. Conclusion There was no support for the study’s hypothesis that mood would change most in a positivedirection at medium and high intensity. However, we found that mood change significantly andin a positive direction after exercise, regardless of exercise intensity. Future research shouldinclude a physical passive control group to ascertain whether positive mood is indeed equallybenefited by low, medium and high exercise intensity

    Elevers hÀlsosituation och reflektioner kring hÀlsa : En studie som belyser elevernas fysiska levnadsvanor

    No full text
    Sammanfattning Syftet med undersökningen var att kartlÀgga elevernas fysiska levnadsvanor (kost, fysisk aktivitet och sömn) Àven fÄ svar pÄ varifrÄn de har fÄtt sina kunskaper om hÀlsa. Undersökningen Àgde rum i en mellanstor stad i Sverige. I studien deltog tvÄ skolor med tvÄ klasser vardera i Ärskurs fem, det var totalt 100 deltagare som genomförde en enkÀt. Tre deltagare genomförde en intervju. Jag valde att anvÀnda mig av enkÀt som metod och genomförde den i tvÄ olika skolor. För att bredda spannet valdes en skola som Àr centralt belÀgen och en skola utanför centrala staden. EnkÀten började med enkla bakgrundsfrÄgor och var sedan uppdelad i tre omrÄden: kost, sömn och fysisk aktivitet. Jag valde Àven att intervjua tre deltagare och intervjun var uppdelad i olika temaomrÄden kring Àmnet hÀlsa. Resultaten visade att eleverna som deltog i enkÀten hade ett bra förhÄllningssÀtt till hÀlsa dÄ de skattade sig högt pÄ de tre omrÄdena. Svaren redovisades med stapeldiagram. Intervjuerna redovisades och analyserades med hjÀlp utav de teoretiska utgÄngspunkterna KaSam och habitus. Eleverna som intervjuades hade en god hÀlsa som förmedlats av deras förÀldrar genom ett helhetstÀnk kring hÀlsa

    A psychological analysis of plane geometry.

    No full text
    Mode of access: Internet

    Variability of GPS Units for Measuring Distance in Team Sport Movements

    No full text
    Purpose: To examine the difference in distance measured by two global positioning system (GPS) units of the same model worn by the same player while performing movements common to team sports. Methods: Twenty elite Australian football players completed two trials of the straight line movement (10, 20, 40 m) at four speeds (walk, jog, stride, sprint), two trials of the changes of direction (COD) courses of two different frequencies (gradual and tight), and five trials of a team sport running simulation circuit. To assess inter-unit variability for total and high intensity running (HIR) distance measured in matches, data from eight field players were collected in three Australian Hockey League (AHL) matches during the 2009 season. Each subject wore two GPS devices (MinimaxX v2.5, Catapult, Australia) that collected position data at 5 Hz for each movement and match trial. The percentage difference ±90% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine differences between units. Results: Differences (±90% CI) between the units ranged from 9.9 ± 4.7% to 11.9 ± 19.5% for straight line running movements and from 9.5 ± 7.2% to 10.7 ± 7.9% in the COD courses. Similar results were exhibited in the team sport circuit (11.1 ± 4.2%). Total distance (10.3 ± 6.2%) and HIR distance (10.3 ± 15.6) measured during the match play displayed similar variability. Conclusion: It is recommended that players wear the same GPS unit for each exercise session to reduce measurement error. The level of between-unit measurement error should be considered when comparing results from players wearing different GPS units
    • 

    corecore