The research of antibacterial properties of decamethoxin, decasan, horosten

The study of Staphylococcus resistance to the antibacterial drugs Decamethoxin, Decasan, Horosten remains an important medical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the antistaphylococcal properties of Decamethoxin, Decasan, Horosten. It has been proven that qaterinary ammonium antiseptic drugs (Decamethoxin, Decasan, Horosten) have high antistaphylococcal properties. The bactericidal activity of Decamethoxin has been shown to be stable under adverse pH conditions of different microbial loading. Different concentrations of Decamethoxine have been shown to cause the formation of resistant variants of Staphylococcus, which lose the ability to form pigments and enzymes

СИНДРОМ НЕСПОКІЙНИХ НІГ ТА ЯКІСТЬ ЖИТТЯ У ГЕМОДІАЛІЗНИХ ПАЦІЄНТІВ, КЛІНІЧНА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ГАБАПЕНТИНУ

В исследовании изучалась клиническая эффективность габапентина при синдроме беспокойных ног (СНН) и влияние СНН на качество жизни пациентов на программном гемодиализе. Использовались опросник оценки качества жизни SF - 36, для диагностики СНН - критерииБ разработанные международной группой RLS - IRLSSG(International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group). Было выявлено, что СНН существенно ухудшает КЖ пациентов, которые лечатся программным гемодиализом. Применение габапентина в течение 4 недель в дозе 300 мг на ночь уменьшает интенсивность проявлений СНН, путем уменьшения неприятных ощущений (парестезий) и улучшает показатели КЖ пациентов с СНН, которые лечатся программным гемодиализом

Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on stroke and atrial fibrillation in diabetic kidney disease: Results from the CREDENCE trial and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic kidney disease with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate or elevated albuminuria increases risk for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. This study assessed the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on stroke and atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) from CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes With Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) and a meta-Analysis of large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) of SGLT2i in type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: CREDENCE randomized 4401 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease to canagliflozin or placebo. Post hoc, we estimated effects on fatal or nonfatal stroke, stroke subtypes, and intermediate markers of stroke risk including AF/AFL. Stroke and AF/AFL data from 3 other completed large CVOTs and CREDENCE were pooled using random-effects meta-Analysis. RESULTS: In CREDENCE, 142 participants experienced a stroke during follow-up (10.9/1000 patient-years with canagliflozin, 14.2/1000 patient-years with placebo; hazard ratio [HR], 0.77 [95% CI, 0.55-1.08]). Effects by stroke subtypes were: ischemic (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.61-1.28]; n=111), hemorrhagic (HR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.19-1.32]; n=18), and undetermined (HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.20-1.46]; n=17). There was no clear effect on AF/AFL (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.53-1.10]; n=115). The overall effects in the 4 CVOTs combined were: Total stroke (HRpooled, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.82-1.12]), ischemic stroke (HRpooled, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.89-1.14]), hemorrhagic stroke (HRpooled, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.30-0.83]), undetermined stroke (HRpooled, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.49-1.51]), and AF/AFL (HRpooled, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71-0.93]). There was evidence that SGLT2i effects on total stroke varied by baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (P=0.01), with protection in the lowest estimated glomerular filtration rate (45 mL/min/1.73 m2]) subgroup (HRpooled, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.31-0.79]). CONCLUSIONS: Although we found no clear effect of SGLT2i on total stroke in CREDENCE or across trials combined, there was some evidence of benefit in preventing hemorrhagic stroke and AF/AFL, as well as total stroke for those with lowest estimated glomerular filtration rate. Future research should focus on confirming these data and exploring potential mechanisms

Canagliflozin and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to 300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m 2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Обґрунтування застосування антисептичних препаратів у системі профілактичних і лікувальних заходів (огляд літератури)

Antiseptics refer to medicines which effectively act against microorganisms. Modern antiseptics can localize pathogens in the center of inflammation, prevent their spreading, penetration into the bloodstream; they reduce adhesive properties and suppress bacterial pathogenicity factors; increase permeability of cell membranes, block the activity of enzymes of microorganisms. Antiseptics are well tolerated by the skin and mucous membranes. The article focuses on medicinal antiseptic drugs, including decametoxin®, which has high efficiency, and a wide range of effects on bacteria, viruses, fungi. The article substantiates the use of antiseptics in medicine.Антисептики принадлежат к лекарственным препаратам, которые эффективно действуют на микроорганизмы. Современные антисептики локализуют возбудителей в очаге воспаления, предотвращают их распространению, проникновению в кровеносное русло; снижают адгезивные свойства и угнетают факторы патогенности бактерий повышают проницаемость клеточных оболочек, блокируют активность ферментов микроорганизмов. Антисептики хорошо переносятся кожей и слизистыми оболочками. В статье уделено основное внимание лекарственным антисептическим препаратам, в том числе декаметоксину®, который имеет высокую эффективность, широкий спектр действия в отношении бактерий, вирусов, грибов. В статье обосновано применение антисептических лекарственных препаратов в медицине.Антисептики належать до лікарських препаратів, які ефективно діють на мікроорганізми. Сучасні антисептики локалізують збудників у вогнищі запалення, запобігають їх розповсюдженню, проникненню в кровоносне русло; знижають адгезивні властивості та пригнічують фактори патогенності бактерій; підвищують проникність клітинних оболонок, блокують активність ферментів мікроорганізмів. Антисептики добре переносять шкіра та слизові оболонки. У статті приділено основну увагу лікарським антисептичним препаратам, у тому числі декаметоксину®, який має високу ефективність, широкий спектр дії на бактерії, віруси, гриби. У статті обґрунтовано застосування антисептичних лікарських препаратів у медицині