Comparative bioavailability of two digoxin formulations: determination in human plasma by microparticle enzyme immunoassay

The present study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two digoxin 0.25 mg tablet formulation in 30 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a three-week washout period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 144 h interval. Digoxin concentrations were analyzed by a validated microparticle enzyme immunoassay with optical detection by fluorescence. Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-72h and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 86.98-118.33 %, and 84.52–98.76 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax and AUC0-72h were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two Digoxin formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Comparative bioavailability of two digoxin formulations: determination in human plasma by microparticle enzyme immunoassay

The present study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two digoxin 0.25 mg tablet formulation in 30 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a three-week washout period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 144 h interval. Digoxin concentrations were analyzed by a validated microparticle enzyme immunoassay with optical detection by fluorescence. Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-72h and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 86.98-118.33 %, and 84.52–98.76 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax and AUC0-72h were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two Digoxin formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Study of comparative bioavailability among two formulations containing hydroxyzine hydrochloride in healthy volunteers after a single dose administration

The study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg tablet formulation in 16 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a two weeks wash out period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 96 h interval. Hydroxyzine concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-t , AUC0-inf and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 81.89-105.85 %, 84.61-105.30 %, and 84.04-108.66 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax , AUC0-t and AUC0-inf were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two hydroxyzine hydrochloride formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Study of comparative bioavailability among two formulations containing hydroxyzine hydrochloride in healthy volunteers after a single dose administration

The study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg tablet formulation in 16 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a two weeks wash out period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 96 h interval. Hydroxyzine concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-t , AUC0-inf and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 81.89-105.85 %, 84.61-105.30 %, and 84.04-108.66 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax , AUC0-t and AUC0-inf were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two hydroxyzine hydrochloride formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Comparative bioavailability of two digoxin formulations: determination in human plasma by microparticle enzyme immunoassay

The present study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two digoxin 0.25 mg tablet formulation in 30 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a three-week washout period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 144 h interval. Digoxin concentrations were analyzed by a validated microparticle enzyme immunoassay with optical detection by fluorescence. Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-72h and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 86.98-118.33 %, and 84.52–98.76 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax and AUC0-72h were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two Digoxin formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Controlo integrado da Lagarta das Pastagens Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth)

II Jornadas Agronómicas Açorianas, Outubro, 1991, Ponta Delgada, Açores.No Arquipélago dos Açores, desde 1970 e com maior incidência na ilha de S. Miguel, devido ao aumento da área de pastagem, com vista ao desenvolvimento da bovinocultura, uma das espécies de Noctuídeos, Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), assinalada na região desde 1810 por GODMAN, tornou-se num grave problema económico, estimando-se os seus prejuízos em cerça de 8% da produção anual das pastagens (TAVARES, 1989)

Study of comparative bioavailability among two formulations containing hydroxyzine hydrochloride in healthy volunteers after a single dose administration

The study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two hydroxyzine hydrochloride 25 mg tablet formulation in 16 volunteers of both sexes. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and a two weeks wash out period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 96 h interval. Hydroxyzine concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bioequivalence between the products was determined by calculating 90 % confidence intervals (90 % I.C) for the ratio of AUC0-t , AUC0-inf and Cmax values for the test and reference products, using logarithmic transformed data. The 90 % confidence intervals were 81.89-105.85 %, 84.61-105.30 %, and 84.04-108.66 %, respectively. Since the 90 % confidence intervals for Cmax , AUC0-t and AUC0-inf were within the 80-125 % interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the two hydroxyzine hydrochloride formulations are bioequivalent in their rate and extent of absorption.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Estudo da marcha em idosos: resultados preliminares

The objectives of this pilot study, were the evaluation of, time-spatial, parameters of Brazilian elderly gait and to compare comfortable gait speed’s value with foreign reference data (from Oberg). Methods: Subjects were 15 healthy volunteers (8 men, 7 women) 60 to 79 years of age. The measurements were made in theirs building playground. Gait was timed over a 6 m distance; step length, stride width and foot angle were measured from footprints. Cadence was calculated from velocity and step length. Results: mean comfortable speed was ranged from 1,05 + 0,14 m/s for women in their sixties to 1,10 + 0,13 m/s for men in their seventies. Mean step length, stride width, cadence and foot angle were respectively 52,1 + 8,75 cm; 11,2 + 3,49 cm; 119,4 + 11,07 step/min and 13,5 + 8,53 degree for men and 46,6 + 8,08 cm; 6,75 + 7,07cm; 137,4 + 22,64 step/min and 7,5 + 5,1 degree for women. Conclusion: The lowest elderly’s gait speed obtained despite the sample’s small number in confronting with Oberg data, suggest the importance of comprehensive studies to supply the lack of normative gait data for the Brazilian population.Os objetivos foram avaliar parâmetros tempo-espaciais da marcha de idosos brasileiros e comparar o valor médio da velocidade confortável da marcha com um banco de dados estrangeiro (de Oberg) de parâmetros básicos da marcha. Metodo: Foram estudados 15 voluntários saudáveis (8 homens, 7 mulheres) dos 60 aos 79 anos de idade. As medidas foram realizadas no playgroung dos prédios onde residiam. A velocidade da marcha foi medida para uma distância de 6 m; o comprimento do passo, a largura da passada e o ângulo dos pés foram medidos a partir de impressões plantares. A cadência foi calculada a partir da velocidade da marcha e do comprimento do passo. Resultados: O valor médio da velocidade confortável da marcha variou de 1,05 + 0,14 m/s para mulheres da faixa etária de 60 anos a 1,10 + 0,13 m/s para homens da faixa etária de 70 anos. Os valores médios do comprimento do passo, da largura da passada, do ângulo dos pés e da cadência foram respectivamente 52,1 + 8,75 cm; 11,2 + 3,49 cm; 119,4 + 11,07 passos/min e 13,5 + 8,53 graus para os homens e 46,6 + 8,08 cm; 6,75 + 7,07cm; 137,4 + 22,64 passos/min e 7,5 + 5,1 graus para as mulheres. Conclusão: O menor valor da velocidade da marcha encontrado para os nossos idosos (apesar da casuística pequena), quando confrontado com os dados de Oberg, sugere a importância de estudos completos para suprir a falta de dados normativos de parâmetros da marcha para a população brasileira

Dinâmica do Carbono Inorgânico Dissolvido nos Rios Teles Pires e Cristalino na Bacia Amazônica

The rivers are extremely important in the carbon cycle, either inthe CO2 out gassing flows or carbon exporters to the oceans. Directmeasuring of CO2 exchanges between the terrestrial ecosystems and theatmosphere should consider the aquatic systems flows, not overestimatingthe carbon terrestrial accumulation. The Amazon basin has the largest andmore complex system of fresh water in the world, so that it holds animportant in the global carbon cycle. The objective of this work was toevaluate, during the period between September 2004 to August 2005, thedynamics of the Total Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) and fractions(dissolved CO2 + HCO3 - + CO32 -), in the waters of Teles Pires andCristalino rivers, components of the Amazon basin, in the district of AltaFloresta, MT. Fortnightly were determined DIC concentration, pH andtemperature of the rivers. Based in those results and applying thethermodynamic balance equations, it was possible to estimate the pCO2and the carbonate system fractions. The rivers presented a seasonal variationin the pH values, being closer to the neutrality in the drought period. Theconcentration of HCO3- was significantly larger in the drought than duringthe flood season. Both studied rivers were oversaturated in CO2 related tothe atmosphere.Os rios têm importante papel no ciclo do carbono, seja nos fluxosevasivos de CO2 ou como exportadores de carbono para os oceanos. Medidasdiretas de trocas de CO2 entre os ecossistemas terrestres e a atmosferadevem considerar os fluxos dos sistemas aquáticos, para não superestimaro acúmulo terrestre de carbono. A bacia Amazônica forma o maior e maiscomplexo sistema de água doce do mundo, tendo conseqüentemente umimportante papel no ciclo global de carbono. O objetivo deste trabalho foiavaliar, no período compreendido entre os meses de setembro de 2004 aagosto de 2005, a dinâmica do carbono inorgânico dissolvido total (CID) esuas frações (CO2 dissolvido + HCO3- + CO32-) nas águas dos rios TelesPires e Cristalino, componentes da bacia amazônica, no município de AltaFloresta, MT. Quinzenalmente foram determinadas as concentrações deCID, pH e temperatura dos rios. Com base nessas determinações e aplicandoas equações de equilíbrio termodinâmico, estimou-se a pCO2 e asfrações do sistema de carbonatos. Os rios apresentaram variação sazonalnos valores de pH, sendo estes mais próximos da neutralidade no períododa seca. A concentração de HCO3- foi significativamente maior no perío116Ciência e Natura, UFSM, 29(2): 115 - 127, 2007do da seca do que no período da cheia. Ambos os rios estudados apresentaram-se sempre supersaturados de CO2 em relação atmosfera