Analyse de la dynamique temporelle d’un set en badminton en fonction de niveaux de pratique : réflexions sur les stratégies couramment proposées en EPS

Dans la littérature en badminton, l’aspect spatial prime sur l’aspect temporel. Les études sur la structure temporelle sont exclusivement descriptives, relatives au haut niveau, et produisent des données génériques et adynamiques, comme si le rapport au temps était le même pour l’ensemble des joueurs et sur l’ensemble du match. Notre étude vise à montrer que le rythme du set se réorganise avec les mobiles du badiste. 50 sujets, classés dans les cinq étapes du curriculum conatif du joueur de badminton ont porté un accéléromètre lors d’un set filmé. Nos résultats, portant sur l’analyse des 1806 points joués, montrent que le rapport temps d’échange / temps de non-jeu n’augmente pas de manière linéaire avec l’expertise et que le différentiel entre la quantité de mouvement en jeu et pendant les phases de repos se réorganise d’étape en étape. Il y a donc des rythmes ou temporalités spécifiques en fonction des mobiles. Par ailleurs, au sein même de certaines étapes, on observe une variation de ces facteurs en fonction de l’évolution du rapport de force et / ou du moment du match pour les experts et les grands débutants. En pédagogie, c’est donc la spécificité du jeu qui devrait orienter le choix didactique entre jeu au temps / jeu au point afin d’envisager la temporalité de manière plus responsable.In the badminton literature, the spatial aspect takes precedence over the temporal aspect. Studies on the temporal structure are exclusively descriptive, relating to the high level, and produce generic and adynamic data as if the relationship to time was the same for all players and for the whole game. Our study aims to show that the rhythm of the set is reorganized with the intentions of the badist. 50 subjects, classified in the five steps of the badminton conative classification, wore an accelerometer during a filmed set. Our results, on the analysis of the 1806 points played show that the ratio of time during the game / non-game does not increase linearly with expertise and that the differential between the amount of movement in play and during rest time is reorganized step by step. There are therefore specific rhythms or temporalities depending on the registers of intention. Moreover, within certain stages, a variation of these factors can be observed depending on the evolution of the balance of power and / or the moment of the match for the experts and the beginners. In pedagogy, it is therefore the specificity of the game that should guide the didactic choice between score-based forms and time-based forms of class competition in order to consider temporality in a more “responsible” way

Changes in physical activity patterns from adolescence to young adulthood: the BELINDA study

Physical activity (PA) is recognized as a marker of health. The aim was to investigate PA differences from adolescence to young adulthood. European adolescents included in the HELENA study were invited to participate in a follow-up study, 10 years later. The present study included 141 adults (25.0 ± 1.4 years) for whom valid accelerometer data were available in adolescence and adulthood. Changes in PA by sex, weight and maternal education level were explored with interactions. Time spent in sedentary activity, light PA (LPA) and moderate PA (MPA) increased by 39.1, 59.6 and 6.6 min/day, respectively, whereas the time spent in vigorous PA (VPA) decreased by 11.3 min/day compared with adolescent VPA (p < 0.05). Increases in MPA were greater on weekends compared with weekdays, but we found a greater decrease in VPA on weekdays compared with weekends. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) decreased significantly on weekdays (–9.6 min/day; 95%CI, –15.9 to –3.4), while it increased on weekends (8.4 min/day; 95%CI, 1.9 to 14.8). Significant heterogeneity was found across sexes for VPA and MVPA, with a stronger decrease in VPA in males compared with females and a significant decrease in MVPA (–12.5 min/day; 95%CI, –20.4 to –4.5) in males but not in females (1.9 min/day; 95%CI, –5.5 to 9.2). No significant heterogeneity was found to be linked to maternal education level or weight, irrespective of PA level. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a critical period for lifestyle PA habits. A decline in VPA and an increasingly sedentary time were observed. The observed changes are worrying and may increase the risk of developing adverse health consequences later in life

Systemic Steroids in Preventing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD): Neurodevelopmental Outcome According to the Risk of BPD in the EPICE Cohort

Background: Postnatal steroids (PNS) have been used to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants but have potential adverse effects on neurodevelopment. These effects might be modulated by their risk of BPD. We aimed to compare patients’ neurodevelopment with PNS treatment according to their risk of BPD in a European cohort. Methods: We developed a prediction model for BPD to classify infants born between 24 + 0 and 29 + 6 weeks of gestation in three groups and compared patients’ neurological outcome at two years of corrected age using the propensity score (PS) method. Results: Of 3662 neonates included in the analysis, 901 (24.6%) were diagnosed with BPD. Our prediction model for BPD had an area under the ROC curve of 0.82. In the group with the highest risk of developing BPD, PNS were associated with an increased risk of gross motor impairment: OR of 1.95 after IPTW adjustment (95% CI 1.18 to 3.24, p = 0.010). This difference existed regardless of the type of steroid used. However, there was an increased risk of cognitive anomalies for patients treated with dexa/betamethasone that was no longer observed with hydrocortisone. Conclusions: This study suggests that PNS might be associated with an increased risk of gross motor impairment regardless of the group risk for BPD. Further randomised controlled trials exploring the use of PNS to prevent BPD should include a risk-based evaluation of neurodevelopmental outcomes. This observation still needs to be confirmed in a randomised controlled trial

Awareness of wearing an accelerometer does not affect physical activity in youth

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate whether awareness of being monitored by an accelerometer has an effect on physical activity in young people. Methods Eighty healthy participants aged 10–18 years were randomized between blinded and nonblinded groups. The blinded participants were informed that we were testing the reliability of a new device for body posture assessment and these participants did not receive any information about physical activity. In contrast, the nonblinded participants were informed that the device was an accelerometer that assessed physical activity levels and patterns. The participants were instructed to wear the accelerometer for 4 consecutive days (2 school days and 2 school-free days). Results Missing data led to the exclusion of 2 participants assigned to the blinded group. When data from the blinded group were compared with these from the nonblinded group, no differences were found in the duration of any of the following items: (i) wearing the accelerometer, (ii) total physical activity, (iii) sedentary activity, and (iv) moderate-to-vigorous activity. Conclusions Our study shows that the awareness of wearing an accelerometer has no influence on physical activity patterns in young people. This study improves the understanding of physical activity assessment and underlines the objectivity of this method. Trial registration NCT02844101 (retrospectively registered at July 13th 2016)

Dynamic Aspect of Temporal Structure according to Level of Expertise in Badminton: Analysis and Reflection on Teaching Practise in Physical Education

In the badminton literature, the spatial aspect takes precedence over the temporal aspect. Studies on the temporal structure are exclusively descriptive, relating to the high level, and produce generic and adynamic data as if the relationship to time was the same for all players and for the whole game. Our study aims to show that the rhythm of the set is reorganized with the intentions of the badist. 50 subjects, classified in the five steps of the badminton conative classification, wore an accelerometer during a filmed set. Our results, on the analysis of the 1806 points played show that the ratio of time during the game / non-game does not increase linearly with expertise and that the differential between the amount of movement in play and during rest time is reorganized step by step. There are therefore specific rhythms or temporalities depending on the registers of intention. Moreover, within certain stages, a variation of these factors can be observed depending on the evolution of the balance of power and / or the moment of the match for the experts and the beginners. In pedagogy, it is therefore the specificity of the game that should guide the didactic choice between score-based forms and time-based forms of class competition in order to consider temporality in a more “responsible” way.Dans la littérature en badminton, l’aspect spatial prime sur l’aspect temporel. Les études sur la structure temporelle sont exclusivement descriptives, relatives au haut niveau, et produisent des données génériques et adynamiques, comme si le rapport au temps était le même pour l’ensemble des joueurs et sur l’ensemble du match. Notre étude vise à montrer que le rythme du set se réorganise avec les mobiles du badiste. 50 sujets, classés dans les cinq étapes du curriculum conatif du joueur de badminton ont porté un accéléromètre lors d’un set filmé. Nos résultats, portant sur l’analyse des 1806 points joués, montrent que le rapport temps d’échange / temps de non-jeu n’augmente pas de manière linéaire avec l’expertise et que le différentiel entre la quantité de mouvement en jeu et pendant les phases de repos se réorganise d’étape en étape. Il y a donc des rythmes ou temporalités spécifiques en fonction des mobiles. Par ailleurs, au sein même de certaines étapes, on observe une variation de ces facteurs en fonction de l’évolution du rapport de force et / ou du moment du match pour les experts et les grands débutants. En pédagogie, c’est donc la spécificité du jeu qui devrait orienter le choix didactique entre jeu au temps / jeu au point afin d’envisager la temporalité de manière plus responsable

Comparison and validation of accelerometer wear time and non-wear time algorithms for assessing physical activity levels in children and adolescents

International audienceBACKGROUND:Accelerometers are widely used to measure sedentary time and daily physical activity (PA). However, data collection and processing criteria, such as non-wear time rules might affect the assessment of total PA and sedentary time and the associations with health variables. The study aimed to investigate whether the choice of different non-wear time definitions would affect the outcomes of PA levels in youth.METHODS:Seventy-seven healthy youngsters (44 boys), aged 10-17 years, wore an accelerometer and kept a non-wear log diary during 4 consecutives days. We compared 7 published algorithms (10, 15, 20, 30, 60 min of continuous zeros, Choi, and Troiano algorithms). Agreements of each algorithm with the log diary method were assessed using Bland-Altmans plots and by calculating the concordance correlation coefficient for repeated measures.RESULTS:Variations in time spent in sedentary and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) were 30 and 3.7%. Compared with the log diary method, greater discrepancies were found for the algorithm 10 min (p < 0.001). For the time assessed in sedentary, the agreement with diary was excellent for the 4 algorithms (Choi, r = 0.79; Troiano, r = 0.81; 30 min, r = 0.79; 60 min, r = 0.81). Concordance for each method was excellent for the assessment of time spent in MVPA (> 0.86). The agreement for the wear time assessment was excellent for 5 algorithms (Choi r = 0.79; Troiano r = 0.79; 20 min r = 0.77; 30 min r = 0.80; 60 min r = 0.80).CONCLUSIONS:The choice of non-wear time rules may considerably affect the sedentary time assessment in youth. Using of appropriate data reduction decision in youth is needed to limit differences in associations between health outcomes and sedentary behaviors and may improve comparability for future studies. Based on our results, we recommend the use of the algorithm of 30 min of continuous zeros for defining non-wear time to improve the accuracy in assessing PA levels in youth.TRIAL REGISTRATION:NCT02844101 (retrospectively registered at July 13th 2016)

Weekly intramuscular progesterone for luteal phase support in women receiving oocyte donation is associated with a decreased miscarriage rate

International audienceTo determine whether adding intramuscular to vaginal administration of progesterone reduces miscarriage rates compared with those of vaginal administration alone for luteal phase support in women receiving oocyte donation and to determine the best time to introduce intramuscular progesterone

Validation of the IMPACT-III questionnaire in French children with inflammatory bowel disease

International audienceObjectives: This study assessed the reliability and validity of the IMPACT-III questionnaire, a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument, in French children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods: Eighty-four children and adolescents (45 boys, aged 14.3 ± 2.7 years) were included in a validation study of the IMPACT-III questionnaire. Patients completed 2 questionnaires for measuring HRQoL: the IMPACT-III and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scale (PedsQL). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach α. Factor analysis was performed on data from the IMPACT-III to help construct domains. Concurrent validity was assessed by calculating Spearman correlation coefficients.Results: Cronbach α for the PedsQL total score was good (0.89). The most robust factor solution was a 3-domain structure: (a) Concerns, (b) Body Image and Physical Condition, and (c) Symptoms and Socializing. All domains had good reliability (0.674-0.863). Only 2 items had to be removed. Discriminant validity was demonstrated by significant differences ( P < 0.001) in median IMPACT-III scores between inactive and active disease for the total score (83.3 vs 72.0), and for Concerns ( P < 0.002) and Symptoms and Socializing ( P < 0.001).Conclusions: These results suggest that IMPACT-III appears to be a useful instrument for measuring HRQoL in French children with IBD

The proportion of cleaved anti-Müllerian hormone is higher in serum but not follicular fluid of obese women independently of polycystic ovary syndrome

International audienceResearch question: Does the relative distribution of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) isoforms differ between patients depending on their body mass index (BMI) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) status in serum and follicular fluid?Design: Obese and normal weight patients (PCOS [n = 70]; non-PCOS [n = 37]) were selected for this case-control study in the serum. Between 2018 and 2019, obese (n = 19) and normal weight (n = 20) women with or without PCOS who were receiving IVF treatment were included in the follicular fluid study. The bio-banked serums and follicular fluid were tested for total AMH (proAMH and AMHN,C combined) and proAMH using an automatic analyzer. The AMH prohormone index (API = [proAMH]/[total AMH]x 100) was calculated as an inverse marker of conversion of proAMH to AMHN,C, with only the latter isoform that could bind to the AMH receptor complex.Results: The API was not significantly different between controls and women with PCOS, whereas obese women had a lower API compared with their normal weight counterparts. Grouping PCOS and controls, a lower API was found in obese versus normal weight women, suggesting a greater conversion of proAMH to AMHN,C. The API in the serum was significantly correlated with metabolic parameters. In the follicular fluid, API is not different between obese and normal weight women independently of PCOS and is higher than in the concomitant serum.Conclusions: The proportion of inactive form of AMH in the serum is higher in normal weight versus obese women but not in the follicular fluid, independently of PCOS. The conversion of proAMH into the cleaved isoform is likely to occur in extra-ovarian tissues and to exacerbate in obese individuals