106 research outputs found

    Ocular foreign bodies: evolution of professional roles and public costs in Quebec

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    Purpose In 2003, Quebec optometrists were legally enabled to extract superficial ocular foreign bodies, with part of this service covered by the universal health insurance. This study analyses the evolution of roles for professionals managing this condition (optometrists, ophthalmologists, emergency physicians and family physicians) and the related public healthcare costs. Methods Data from the provincial health insurance were combined to demographic and annual healthcare workforce statistics. Across professions and sociosanitary regions, variations in annual rates of conditions treated were calculated, as well as variations in public healthcare costs. Linear regression slopes of these variations were used as indicators of linear trends. Results Between 2010 and 2016, the proportion of cases managed by optometrists increases from 32% to 44%, following a significant trend (p < 0.007). For family physicians, the proportion of cases managed decreases from 49% to 33%, following a significant trend (p < 0.0001). The increase in optometrists managing cases is visible in almost all sociosanitary regions, reaching +19%. A significant trend was observed for increasing healthcare costs for optometrists (p < 0.008) and ophthalmologists (p < 0.004) and for decreasing healthcare costs for family physicians (p < 0.001). In 2016, optometrists managed 44% of cases, representing 13% of related healthcare costs. Conclusion In Quebec, optometrists are now the professionals managing the largest proportion of superficial ocular foreign bodies, across the province. There is an apparent shift from the proportion of cases managed by family physicians, which have similarly decreased

    Facteurs Lies Au Stress Chez Les Couples Infertiles A Partir De Cas Recenses A L’unite Biologique De La Reproduction De L’institut Pasteur d’Abidjan

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    The stress associated with infertility is a painful experience for couples who are struggling to conceive of the value attached to the child in African society. This article apprehends the question of the management of stress caused by infertility from the cases identified at “Institut pasteur d’Abidjan”. The methodology adopted concerns observation techniques, semi-structured interview as well as the use of stress scale submitted to a sample of 120 subjects, including 60 men and 60 infertile women. The data collected were processed manually with proportion calculations. The results indicate that the majority of clients (73.33%) experience episodes of stress related to their infertility whose main sources are biological, psychological and environmental. In sum, the existence of a holistic support network can effectively communicate infertility and reduce the effect of these factors

    Corps étrangers oculaires : évolution des rÎles professionnels et des coûts pour le régime de santé public du Québec

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    En 2003, les optomĂ©tristes du QuĂ©bec ont Ă©tĂ© autorisĂ©s en vertu de la loi Ă  extraire des corps Ă©trangers oculaires superficiels, une partie de ce service Ă©tant couverte par le rĂ©gime universel d’assurance-maladie. Cette Ă©tude anal-yse l’évolution du rĂŽle des professionnels qui prennent en charge ce prob-lĂšme (optomĂ©tristes, ophtalmologistes, urgentologues et omnipraticiens) et les coĂ»ts connexes des soins de santĂ© publics

    Insect Pests Control of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) by Using Plant Aqueous Extracts in Korhogo Area (Northern Cîte d’Ivoire, West Africa)

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    In this study, we monitored for the impact of three aqueous extracts of plants (Azadirachta indica, Hyptis suaveolens and Solanum lycopersicum) on insect pests abundance in okra (Albermochus esculentus L.) crop, compared to a synthetic chemical « SAUVEUR 62 EC », having as active ingredients, acetamiprid 32g/l and Lambda-cyhalothrin 30g/l. Foliar applications by these extracts were done using manual sprayers. After treatment, the insects were caught using two methods (pitfall traps and colored bowls traps). A total of 6505 insects belonging to nine orders were recorded in four plots. The plot 1 (9 orders) was the most diverse, followed by the plot 3 (8 orders), the plot 2 and 4 (7 orders respectively). Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Orthoptera and Hemiptera were the most frequents. The chemical treatment has impacted significantly the number of orders (p < 0.05) but, the insect abundance was impacted significantly by the different biological treatments (p < 0.05). This study showed that the aqueous extract of Solanum lycopercicum was more effective on the abundance of pests belonging to Hemiptera, while the aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica and Hyptis suaveolens were effectives on the abundance of pests belonging to Coleoptera. The chemical treatment was effective on the pests belonging to both orders

    Paragangliome nasopharynge avec extension a la base du crane: Une localisation inhabituelle des paragangliomes

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    Introduction : Le paragangliome est une rare tumeur neuroendocrine. La localisation nasopharyngĂ©e avec extension Ă  la base du crĂąne est trĂšs rare.PrĂ©sentation du cas : Il s‘agissait d‘une dame de 39 ans, prise en charge au service de neurochirurgie du CHU « HĂŽpital du Mali » pour un paragangliome nasopharyngĂ© qui sâ€˜Ă©tendait Ă  la base du crĂąne. La patiente prĂ©sentait une dyspnĂ©e d‘aggravation progressive associĂ©e Ă  une Ă©pistaxis Ă  rĂ©pĂ©tition Ă©voluant depuis 3 ans environ et une paralysie faciale pĂ©riphĂ©rique gauche. Le scanner avait mis en Ă©vidence une masse volumineuse siĂ©geant au niveau du nasopharynx obstruant partiellement les fosses nasales. La lĂ©sion Ă©tait rehaussĂ©e aprĂšs injection de produit de contraste. La patiente a eu une chirurgie d‘exĂ©rĂšse de la tumeur en 2 temps. L‘analyse anatomopathologique avec immunohistochimie a permis de confirmer le diagnostic de paragangliome. Une radiothĂ©rapie complĂ©mentaire a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur le rĂ©sidu tumoral. Les suites du traitement ont Ă©tĂ© satisfaisantes.Discussion : Les paragangliomes de la tĂȘte et du cou ne reprĂ©sentent que 0,6% des tumeurs de la tĂȘte et du cou et 3% de tous les&nbsp; paragangliomes. Le traitement repose sur la chirurgie. La radiothĂ©rapie est indiquĂ©e si la chirurgie n‘assure pas une rĂ©section complĂšte.Conclusion : Les paragangliomes sont une entitĂ© Ă  prendre en compte dans les tumeurs nasopharyngĂ©es et de la base du crĂąne. &nbsp; Englsih title: Nasopharyngeal paraganglioma with extension at the skull base: An unusual location of the paragangliomas Introduction: Paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor. Nasopharyngeal localization with extension at the skull base is very rare.Case: A thirty-nine-year-old woman, was managed by the Neurosurgery Department of « HĂŽpital du Mali » for a nasopharyngeal paraganglioma that extended to the skull base. The patient had progressive dyspnea associated with repeated epistaxis for 3 years and left peripheral facial palsy. The CT scan showed a bulky mass sitting in the nasopharynx partially obstructing the nasal cavity. The lesion was enhanced after injection of contrast. The patient had surgery to remove the tumor in 2 steps. Histological analysis with&nbsp; immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Complementary radiotherapy was performed on the tumor residue. The results of the treatment were satisfactory.Discussion: Head and neck paragangliomas represent only 0.6% of head and neck tumors and 3% of all paragangliomas. The treatment is based on surgery. Radiotherapy is indicated if the surgery does not provide complete resection.Conclusion: Paragangliomas are an entity to be considered in nasopharyngeal and skull base tumors

    GESTION DES DECHETS MENAGERS ET SANTE A SEBOUAFLA DANS LA VILLE DE VAVOUA (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)

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    The degradation of the living environment is a concern for the population of SĂ©bouafla, a neighborhood in the city of Vavoua located 431 km from Abidjan. This situation is characterized by the presence of uncontrolled deposits of household waste and the proliferation of wastewater discharge points throughout the neighborhood. The objective of this study is to show the health risks related to the poor management of household waste. The research methodology is based on a documentary research. This made it possible to collect information, statistical and demographic data on Sebouafla. A questionnaire survey of 272 heads of households was conducted to supplement the information in the literature. The results show that 68.38% of households use buckets or basins to store garbage at home. Before the disposal of solid household waste, 56.62% of the respondents used the inside of their yards for storage. Household waste, which is mainly disposed of by women (76.84%) and children (18.38%), is generally found in the streets (73.16%) or is incinerated (15.07%). The streets are the main areas of discharge of wastewater from washing and cleaning (90.07%). Wastewater from showers is mainly drained into the streets (44.86%) and into cesspools (40.07%). These different practices degrade the living environment and expose the population of Sebouafla to risks of diseases such as malaria (84.93%), colds (23.16%), typhoid fever (21.26%), diarrheal diseases (15.44%) and skin diseases (13.60%).La dĂ©gradation du cadre de vie est une prĂ©occupation pour la population de SĂ©bouafla un quartier de la ville de Vavoua situĂ© Ă  431 km d’Abidjan. Cette situation est caractĂ©risĂ©e par la prĂ©sence des dĂ©pĂŽts sauvages d’ordures mĂ©nagĂšres et la prolifĂ©ration des points de rejets des eaux usĂ©es Ă  travers le quartier. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude est de montrer les risques sanitaires liĂ©s Ă  la mauvaise gestion des dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers. La mĂ©thodologie de recherche est fondĂ©e sur une recherche documentaire. Ce qui a permis de collecter des informations, des donnĂ©es statistiques et dĂ©mographique sur SĂ©bouafla. Une enquĂȘte par questionnaire auprĂšs de 272 chefs de mĂ©nages a Ă©tĂ© faite pour complĂ©ter les informations de la documentation. Les rĂ©sultats montrent que 68,38% des mĂ©nages utilisent des seaux ou des bassines pour la conservation des ordures Ă  domicile. Avant l’évacuation des dĂ©chets solides mĂ©nagers, l’intĂ©rieur des cours constitue les lieux de conservation pour 56,62% des enquĂȘtĂ©s. Les ordures mĂ©nagĂšres dont l’élimination est principalement assurĂ©e par les femmes (76,84%) et les enfants (18,38%) se retrouvent gĂ©nĂ©ralement dans les rues (73,16%) ou sont incinĂ©rĂ©es (15,07%). Les rues constituent les principaux espaces de rejet des eaux usĂ©es de lessives et de vaisselles (90,07%). Les eaux usĂ©es issues des douches sont majoritairement drainĂ©es dans les rues (44,86%) et les puits perdus (40,07%). Ces diffĂ©rentes pratiques dĂ©gradent le cadre de vie et exposent la population de SĂ©bouafla Ă  des risques de maladies tel le paludisme (84,93%), le rhume (23,16%), la fiĂšvre typhoĂŻde (21,26%), les maladies diarrhĂ©iques (15,44%) et les dermatoses (13,60%)

    GESTION DES DECHETS MENAGERS ET SANTE A SEBOUAFLA DANS LA VILLE DE VAVOUA (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)

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    The degradation of the living environment is a concern for the population of SĂ©bouafla, a neighborhood in the city of Vavoua located 431 km from Abidjan. This situation is characterized by the presence of uncontrolled deposits of household waste and the proliferation of wastewater discharge points throughout the neighborhood. The objective of this study is to show the health risks related to the poor management of household waste. The research methodology is based on a documentary research. This made it possible to collect information, statistical and demographic data on Sebouafla. A questionnaire survey of 272 heads of households was conducted to supplement the information in the literature. The results show that 68.38% of households use buckets or basins to store garbage at home. Before the disposal of solid household waste, 56.62% of the respondents used the inside of their yards for storage. Household waste, which is mainly disposed of by women (76.84%) and children (18.38%), is generally found in the streets (73.16%) or is incinerated (15.07%). The streets are the main areas of discharge of wastewater from washing and cleaning (90.07%). Wastewater from showers is mainly drained into the streets (44.86%) and into cesspools (40.07%). These different practices degrade the living environment and expose the population of Sebouafla to risks of diseases such as malaria (84.93%), colds (23.16%), typhoid fever (21.26%), diarrheal diseases (15.44%) and skin diseases (13.60%).La dĂ©gradation du cadre de vie est une prĂ©occupation pour la population de SĂ©bouafla un quartier de la ville de Vavoua situĂ© Ă  431 km d’Abidjan. Cette situation est caractĂ©risĂ©e par la prĂ©sence des dĂ©pĂŽts sauvages d’ordures mĂ©nagĂšres et la prolifĂ©ration des points de rejets des eaux usĂ©es Ă  travers le quartier. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude est de montrer les risques sanitaires liĂ©s Ă  la mauvaise gestion des dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers. La mĂ©thodologie de recherche est fondĂ©e sur une recherche documentaire. Ce qui a permis de collecter des informations, des donnĂ©es statistiques et dĂ©mographique sur SĂ©bouafla. Une enquĂȘte par questionnaire auprĂšs de 272 chefs de mĂ©nages a Ă©tĂ© faite pour complĂ©ter les informations de la documentation. Les rĂ©sultats montrent que 68,38% des mĂ©nages utilisent des seaux ou des bassines pour la conservation des ordures Ă  domicile. Avant l’évacuation des dĂ©chets solides mĂ©nagers, l’intĂ©rieur des cours constitue les lieux de conservation pour 56,62% des enquĂȘtĂ©s. Les ordures mĂ©nagĂšres dont l’élimination est principalement assurĂ©e par les femmes (76,84%) et les enfants (18,38%) se retrouvent gĂ©nĂ©ralement dans les rues (73,16%) ou sont incinĂ©rĂ©es (15,07%). Les rues constituent les principaux espaces de rejet des eaux usĂ©es de lessives et de vaisselles (90,07%). Les eaux usĂ©es issues des douches sont majoritairement drainĂ©es dans les rues (44,86%) et les puits perdus (40,07%). Ces diffĂ©rentes pratiques dĂ©gradent le cadre de vie et exposent la population de SĂ©bouafla Ă  des risques de maladies tel le paludisme (84,93%), le rhume (23,16%), la fiĂšvre typhoĂŻde (21,26%), les maladies diarrhĂ©iques (15,44%) et les dermatoses (13,60%)

    Détermination du Potentiel Pastoral Herbacé dans le Bioclimat Soudanien Nord au Mali : Cas de la Commune Rurale de DiÚma

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    L’élevage contribue environ Ă  15% du produit intĂ©rieur brut de l’ensemble des pays sahĂ©liens de l’Afrique de l’ouest. Au Mali, il est la deuxiĂšme activitĂ© socioĂ©conomique aprĂšs l’agriculture. Il est pratiquĂ© de façon extensive avec des mobilitĂ©s saisonniĂšres des troupeaux Ă  la recherche du disponible fourrager, dans le contexte du changement climatique. Paradoxalement, la production herbacĂ©e, dans ces parcours sahĂ©liens, qui Ă©quivaut Ă  des milliards de francs, est annuellement consumĂ©e par les feux de brousse. C’est dans ce contexte que la prĂ©sente Ă©tude a Ă©tĂ© initiĂ©e pour amĂ©liorer la gestion des pĂąturages naturels dans la commune rurale de DiĂ©ma dans la rĂ©gion de Kayes. La mĂ©thode de transect a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e dans les parcours naturels suivant les quatre points cardinaux du district de la commune. Les relevĂ©s phytoĂ©cologiques et des coupes de biomasse herbacĂ©e ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©s dans les parcelles Ă©chantillons. Il a Ă©tĂ© recensĂ© au total 71 espĂšces appartenant Ă  18 familles avec la dominance des Poaceae, Fabaceae et Convolvulaceae. La production de biomasse des parcours est d’environ 3t.ha-1. Une diffĂ©rence significative (P=0,042) a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e pour la valeur pastorale des parcours et cela en fonction de leur orientation par rapport au District de la Commune.&nbsp; Pour une meilleure gestion de l’environnement et de production animale, il importe de connaitre les caractĂ©ristiques de nos parcours naturels. &nbsp; Livestock contributes about 15% of the gross domestic product of all the Sahelian countries of West Africa. In Mali, it is the second socioeconomic activity after agriculture. It is practiced extensively with seasonal movements of herds in search of available fodder, in the context of climate change. Paradoxically, the herbaceous production in these Sahelian rangelands, which is equivalent to billions of francs, is consumed annually by bush fires. It is in this context that the present study was initiated to improve the management of natural pastures in the rural commune of DiĂ©ma in the Kayes region. The transect method was used in the natural routes following the four cardinal points of the district of the commune. Phytoecological surveys and herbaceous biomass cuts were carried out in the sample plots. 71 species belonging to 18 families have been identified with the dominance of Poaceae, Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae. The biomass production of rangelands is about 3t.ha-1. A significant difference (P=0.042) was observed for the pastoral value of the rangelands and this according to their orientation in relation to the District of the Commune. For better management of the environment and animal production, it is important to know the characteristics of our natural rangelands

    Détermination du Potentiel Pastoral Herbacé de la Commune Rurale de DiÚma dans le Bioclimat Soudanien Nord au Mali

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    L’élevage contribue Ă  environ 15% du produit intĂ©rieur brut de l’ensemble des pays sahĂ©liens de l’Afrique de l’ouest. Au Mali, il est la deuxiĂšme activitĂ© socioĂ©conomique aprĂšs l’agriculture. Il est pratiquĂ© de façon extensive avec des mobilitĂ©s saisonniĂšres des troupeaux Ă  la recherche du disponible fourrager, dans le contexte du changement climatique. Malheureusement, la production herbacĂ©e, dans ces parcours sahĂ©liens, qui Ă©quivaut Ă  des milliards de francs, est annuellement consumĂ©e par les feux de brousse. C’est dans ce contexte que la prĂ©sente Ă©tude a Ă©tĂ© initiĂ©e pour caractĂ©riser les pĂąturages naturels dans la commune rurale de DiĂ©ma en vue d’amĂ©liorer leur gestion. La mĂ©thode de transect a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e dans les parcours naturels suivant les quatre points cardinaux du district de la commune. Les relevĂ©s phytoĂ©cologiques et des coupes de biomasse herbacĂ©e ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©s dans les parcelles Ă©chantillons. La valeur pastorale des parcours a Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©e. Il a Ă©tĂ© recensĂ© au total 80 espĂšces appartenant Ă  18 familles avec la dominance des Poaceae, des Fabaceae et des Convolvulaceae. La production de biomasse des parcours est d’environ 3tMS.ha-1. Une diffĂ©rence significative (P=0,042) a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e pour la valeur pastorale avec une moyenne gĂ©nĂ©rale de 38,15% entre les orientations. Pour une meilleure gestion de l’environnement et de production animale, il importe de connaitre les caractĂ©ristiques de nos parcours naturels. &nbsp; Livestock contributes about 15% of the gross domestic product of all the Sahelian countries of West Africa. In Mali, it is the second socioeconomic activity after agriculture. It is practiced extensively with seasonal movements of herds in search of available fodder, in the context of climate change. Paradoxically, the herbaceous production in these Sahelian rangelands, whichis equivalent to billions of francs, is consumed annually by bush fires. It is in this context that the present study was initiated to improve the management of natural pastures in the rural commune of DiĂ©ma in the Kayes region. The transect method was used in the natural routes following the four cardinal points of the district of the commune. Phytoecological surveys and herbaceous biomass cuts were carried out in the sample plots. 80 species belonging to 18 families have been identified with the dominance of Poaceae, Fabaceae and Convolvulaceae. The biomass production of rangelands is about 3t.ha-1. A significant difference (P=0.042) was observed for the pastoral value of the rangelands and this according to their orientation in relation to the District of the Commune. For better management of the environment and animal production, it is important to know the characteristics of our natural rangelands
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