La revue scientifique : un élément d’analyse des sciences humaines et sociales

L’article se propose d’aborder la question de la structuration du champ des sciences humaines et sociales, en prenant pour “entrée” les revues scientifiques de ces disciplines, en particulier dans le cas de la production scientifique marocaine. Il s’agit, à travers l’analyse de la structure et du fonctionnement d’un ensemble de revues de sciences humaines et sociales, de montrer que cette production constitue un indice de la structuration de ce champ scientifique. L’article montre notamment qu’à une focalisation disciplinaire correspond un certain recentrage des revues sur elles-mêmes — donc un certain regroupement des chercheurs autour d’objets scientifiques, de normes de publication, ou encore de modèles de traitement de ces objets. Par ailleurs, des supports de publication comme les revues se resserrent autour de certains objets scientifiques, et doivent probablement l’importance croissante de leur noyau de contributeurs à cette spécialisation et à la visibilité peu à peu acquise par la revue ; en somme, à un certain monopole de la production scientifique.Mots clefs: Maroc – Sciences humaines et sociales – Revues scientifiques – Champ – Structur

Comment faire émerger de la connaissance avec un algorithme d'intelligence artificielle et une visualisation de données pour la gestion du diabète

International audienc

Effects of visuo-spatial working memory load on auditory attention: behavioural and cortical evidence

Working memory (WM) plays an important role in pilots since they have to continuously integrate and dynamically update information within a rapidly changing environment. WM is essential for overcoming response conflict and for optimal selective attention performance. Yet, WM is a capacity-limited system and increasing the demands on WM reduces the ability to ignore irrelevant stimuli and can led decreased performance in dual –tasking. In the present study we used an experimental approach aiming at providing evidence for the sensitivity of the functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in providing measures of brain activity within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), with regard to WM-specific task demands combined to an additional different secondary task

The Gut Microbiota Regulates Intestinal CD4 T Cells Expressing RORγt and Controls Metabolic Disease

SummaryA high-fat diet (HFD) induces metabolic disease and low-grade metabolic inflammation in response to changes in the intestinal microbiota through as-yet-unknown mechanisms. Here, we show that a HFD-derived ileum microbiota is responsible for a decrease in Th17 cells of the lamina propria in axenic colonized mice. The HFD also changed the expression profiles of intestinal antigen-presenting cells and their ability to generate Th17 cells in vitro. Consistent with these data, the metabolic phenotype was mimicked in RORγt-deficient mice, which lack IL17 and IL22 function, and in the adoptive transfer experiment of T cells from RORγt-deficient mice into Rag1-deficient mice. We conclude that the microbiota of the ileum regulates Th17 cell homeostasis in the small intestine and determines the outcome of metabolic disease

The ARIA-MASK-air® approach

Funding Information: The authors thank Ms Véronique Pretschner for submitting the paper. MASK‐air has been supported by Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, EU grants (EU Structural and Development Funds Languedoc Roussillon and Region PACA; POLLAR: EIT Health; Twinning: EIP on AHA; Twinning DHE: H2020; Catalyse: Horizon Europe) and educational grants from Mylan‐Viatris, ALK, GSK, Novartis, Stallergènes‐Greer and Uriach. None for the study. ® Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Allergy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.MASK-air®, a validated mHealth app (Medical Device regulation Class IIa) has enabled large observational implementation studies in over 58,000 people with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. It can help to address unmet patient needs in rhinitis and asthma care. MASK-air® is a Good Practice of DG Santé on digitally-enabled, patient-centred care. It is also a candidate Good Practice of OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). MASK-air® data has enabled novel phenotype discovery and characterisation, as well as novel insights into the management of allergic rhinitis. MASK-air® data show that most rhinitis patients (i) are not adherent and do not follow guidelines, (ii) use as-needed treatment, (iii) do not take medication when they are well, (iv) increase their treatment based on symptoms and (v) do not use the recommended treatment. The data also show that control (symptoms, work productivity, educational performance) is not always improved by medications. A combined symptom-medication score (ARIA-EAACI-CSMS) has been validated for clinical practice and trials. The implications of the novel MASK-air® results should lead to change management in rhinitis and asthma.publishersversionpublishe

Extraction, modélisation, gestion de connaissances dans le domaine de la santé et du risque

National audienc