7 research outputs found

    Facteurs prédictifs de récidive et de sévérité du syndrome hémolytique et urémique atypique et de la glomérulonéphrite à C3 aprÚs transplantation rénale

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    Pas de rĂ©sumĂ© en anglaisLe syndrome hĂ©molytique et urĂ©mique atypique (SHU) et les glomĂ©rulonĂ©phrites Ă  dĂ©pĂŽts de C3 sont des pathologies rares. Le SHU atypique est une pathologie aigĂŒe sĂ©vĂšre, responsable de microangiopathie thrombotique rĂ©nale glomĂ©rulaire et artĂ©riolaire. La glomĂ©rulonĂ©phrite Ă  dĂ©pĂŽts de C3 (GNC3) est une pathologie chronique responsable d’une protĂ©inurie et d’une insuffisance rĂ©nale chronique qui Ă©volue sur plusieurs annĂ©es. Ces pathologies sont secondaires soit Ă  un dĂ©faut de rĂ©gulation soit Ă  une hyperactivation de la voie alterne du complĂ©ment. Dans ces deux pathologies, le risque de rĂ©cidive aprĂšs transplantation rĂ©nale est Ă©levĂ© et responsable d’une perte de greffon. L’objectif de ma thĂšse a Ă©tĂ© de rechercher des marqueurs prĂ©dictifs de rĂ©cidive et de sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© conditionnant le pronostic de la transplantation rĂ©nale pour ces deux pathologies complĂ©ment–dĂ©pendantes. Une approche Ă  la fois clinique, biologique et gĂ©nĂ©tique a permis de dĂ©terminer pour le SHU atypique : les facteurs de risque gĂ©nĂ©tique de rĂ©cidive, de dĂ©terminer pour la premiĂšre fois que la prĂ©sence de l’haplotype homozygote du Facteur H (gtgt) est associĂ©e Ă  risque de rĂ©cidive et de prĂ©ciser les consĂ©quences fonctionnelles des mutations. Ce travail a contribuĂ© Ă  Ă©tablir les recommandations du traitement chez les patients transplantĂ©s pour un SHU atypique. Les facteurs de risque de rĂ©cidives des glomĂ©rulonĂ©phrites Ă  C3 ont Ă©tĂ© recherchĂ©s Ă  partir d’une large cohorte de patients que j’ai crĂ©Ă©e. Ce travail a permis de mettre en Ă©vidence une corrĂ©lation entre l’hyperactivation de la voie alterne du complĂ©ment (Ă©lĂ©vation du C5b9 soluble, C3 plasmatique bas), la prĂ©sence de dĂ©pĂŽts (C3, C5b9) dans le rein en post transplantation et la sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© de la rĂ©cidive. La consommation de C3 en phase fluide, la prĂ©sence d’un sC5b9 Ă©levĂ© et la prĂ©sence de C5b9 in situ sont associĂ©es Ă  une rĂ©cidive sĂ©vĂšre. Enfin, j’ai participĂ© Ă  la premiĂšre description de mutations de DGKE dans le SHU atypique. J’ai mis au point la technique d’immunohistochimie permettant de dĂ©tecter et localiser DGKE dans les cellules endothĂ©liales et podocytaires rĂ©nales. Ce travail a permis de montrer que le DGKE est prĂ©sent dans l’endothĂ©lium rĂ©nal, Ă©lĂ©ment essentiel du mĂ©canisme physiopathologique du SHU atypique. Le DGKE est apportĂ© par le rein transplantĂ© et permet de corriger le risque de rĂ©cidive aprĂšs transplantation chez les patients dĂ©ficitaires

    Predictive factors for recurrence of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and C3 glomerulonephritis after renal transplantation

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    Le syndrome hĂ©molytique et urĂ©mique atypique (SHU) et les glomĂ©rulonĂ©phrites Ă  dĂ©pĂŽts de C3 sont des pathologies rares. Le SHU atypique est une pathologie aigĂŒe sĂ©vĂšre, responsable de microangiopathie thrombotique rĂ©nale glomĂ©rulaire et artĂ©riolaire. La glomĂ©rulonĂ©phrite Ă  dĂ©pĂŽts de C3 (GNC3) est une pathologie chronique responsable d’une protĂ©inurie et d’une insuffisance rĂ©nale chronique qui Ă©volue sur plusieurs annĂ©es. Ces pathologies sont secondaires soit Ă  un dĂ©faut de rĂ©gulation soit Ă  une hyperactivation de la voie alterne du complĂ©ment. Dans ces deux pathologies, le risque de rĂ©cidive aprĂšs transplantation rĂ©nale est Ă©levĂ© et responsable d’une perte de greffon. L’objectif de ma thĂšse a Ă©tĂ© de rechercher des marqueurs prĂ©dictifs de rĂ©cidive et de sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© conditionnant le pronostic de la transplantation rĂ©nale pour ces deux pathologies complĂ©ment–dĂ©pendantes. Une approche Ă  la fois clinique, biologique et gĂ©nĂ©tique a permis de dĂ©terminer pour le SHU atypique : les facteurs de risque gĂ©nĂ©tique de rĂ©cidive, de dĂ©terminer pour la premiĂšre fois que la prĂ©sence de l’haplotype homozygote du Facteur H (gtgt) est associĂ©e Ă  risque de rĂ©cidive et de prĂ©ciser les consĂ©quences fonctionnelles des mutations. Ce travail a contribuĂ© Ă  Ă©tablir les recommandations du traitement chez les patients transplantĂ©s pour un SHU atypique. Les facteurs de risque de rĂ©cidives des glomĂ©rulonĂ©phrites Ă  C3 ont Ă©tĂ© recherchĂ©s Ă  partir d’une large cohorte de patients que j’ai crĂ©Ă©e. Ce travail a permis de mettre en Ă©vidence une corrĂ©lation entre l’hyperactivation de la voie alterne du complĂ©ment (Ă©lĂ©vation du C5b9 soluble, C3 plasmatique bas), la prĂ©sence de dĂ©pĂŽts (C3, C5b9) dans le rein en post transplantation et la sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© de la rĂ©cidive. La consommation de C3 en phase fluide, la prĂ©sence d’un sC5b9 Ă©levĂ© et la prĂ©sence de C5b9 in situ sont associĂ©es Ă  une rĂ©cidive sĂ©vĂšre. Enfin, j’ai participĂ© Ă  la premiĂšre description de mutations de DGKE dans le SHU atypique. J’ai mis au point la technique d’immunohistochimie permettant de dĂ©tecter et localiser DGKE dans les cellules endothĂ©liales et podocytaires rĂ©nales. Ce travail a permis de montrer que le DGKE est prĂ©sent dans l’endothĂ©lium rĂ©nal, Ă©lĂ©ment essentiel du mĂ©canisme physiopathologique du SHU atypique. Le DGKE est apportĂ© par le rein transplantĂ© et permet de corriger le risque de rĂ©cidive aprĂšs transplantation chez les patients dĂ©ficitaires.Pas de rĂ©sumĂ© en anglai

    Kidney transplantation from expanded criteria donors: an increased risk of urinary complications. The UNyCORT* study

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    International audienceObjectives : To assess the impact of expanded criteria donors (ECD) on urinary complications in kidney transplantation.Patients and Methods : The UriNary Complications Of Renal Transplant (UNyCORT) is a cohort study based on the French prospective DonnĂ©es InformatisĂ©es et VAlidĂ©es en Transplantation/Computerized and VAlidated Data in Transplantation (DIVAT) cohort. Data were extracted between 1 January 2002 and 1 January 2018 with 1‐year minimum follow‐up, in relation to 44 pre‐ and postoperative variables. ECD status was included according to United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) definition. The primary outcome of the UNyCORT study was the association between the donor’s ECD/standard criteria donors (SCD) status and urinary complications at 1 year in uni‐ and multivariate analysis. Sub‐group analysis, stratified analysis on ECD/SCD donor’s status and transplant failure analysis were then conducted. Results : Between 1 January 2002 and 1 January 2018, 10 279 kidney transplants in adult recipients were recorded within the DIVAT network. A total of 8559 (83.4%) donors were deceased donors and 1699 (16.6%) were living donors (LD). Among donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors, 224 (2.85%) were uncontrolled DCD and 93 (1.09%) were controlled DCD donors. A total of 3617 (43.9%) deceased donors were ECD. The overall urological complication rate was 16.26%. The donor’s ECD status was significantly associated with an increased risk of urological complications at 1 year in multivariate analysis (odds ratio: 1.50, 95% CI 1.31–1.71; P < 0.001) and especially with stenosis and ureteric fistulae at 1 year. There is no association with LD, uncontrolled and controlled DCD. The placement of an endo‐ureteric stent was beneficial in preventing urinary complications in all donors and particularly in ECD donors. Conclusion : The donor’s ECD status is associated with a higher likelihood of stenosis and ureteric fistulae at 1 year. Recipients of grafts from ECD donors should probably be considered for closer urological monitoring and systematic preventive measures

    Improving Clinical Trials for Anticomplement Therapies in Complement-Mediated Glomerulopathies: Report of a Scientific Workshop Sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation

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    International audienceBlocking the complement system as a therapeutic strategy has been proposed for numerous glomerular diseases but presents myriad questions and challenges, not the least of which is demonstrating efficacy and safety. In light of these potential issues and because there are an increasing number of anticomplement therapy trials either planned or under way, the National Kidney Foundation facilitated an all-virtual scientific workshop entitled "Improving Clinical Trials for Anti-Complement Therapies in Complement-Mediated Glomerulopathies." Attended by patient representatives and experts in glomerular diseases, complement physiology, and clinical trial design, the aim of this workshop was to develop standards applicable for designing and conducting clinical trials for anticomplement therapies across a wide spectrum of complement-mediated glomerulopathies. Discussions focused on study design, participant risk assessment and mitigation, laboratory measurements and biomarkers to support these studies, and identification of optimal outcome measures to detect benefit, specifically for trials in complement-mediated diseases. This report summarizes the discussions from this workshop and outlines consensus recommendations

    Cryptococcal Meningitis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Two-Decade Cohort Study in France

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    International audienceCryptococcosis is the third most common cause of invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant recipients and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) its main clinical presentation. CM outcomes, as well as its clinical features and radiological characteristics, have not yet been considered on a large scale in the context of kidney transplantation (KT). We performed a nationwide retrospective study of adult patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis after KT between 2002 and 2020 across 30 clinical centers in France. We sought to describe overall and graft survival based on whether KT patients with cryptococcosis developed CM or not. Clinical indicators of CNS involvement and brain radiological characteristics were assessed. Eighty-eight cases of cryptococcosis were diagnosed during the study period, with 61 (69.3%) cases of CM. Mortality was high (32.8%) at 12 months (M12) but not significantly different whether or not patients presented with CM. Baseline hyponatremia and at least one neurological symptom were independently associated with CM (p < 0.001). Positive serum cryptococcal antigen at diagnosis was also significantly associated with CM (p < 0.001). On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), three patterns of brain injury were identified: parenchymal, meningeal, and vascular lesions. Although CM does not affect graft function directly, it entails a grim prognosis

    Cryptococcal Meningitis in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Two-Decade Cohort Study in France

    No full text
    International audienceCryptococcosis is the third most common cause of invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant recipients and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) its main clinical presentation. CM outcomes, as well as its clinical features and radiological characteristics, have not yet been considered on a large scale in the context of kidney transplantation (KT). We performed a nationwide retrospective study of adult patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis after KT between 2002 and 2020 across 30 clinical centers in France. We sought to describe overall and graft survival based on whether KT patients with cryptococcosis developed CM or not. Clinical indicators of CNS involvement and brain radiological characteristics were assessed. Eighty-eight cases of cryptococcosis were diagnosed during the study period, with 61 (69.3%) cases of CM. Mortality was high (32.8%) at 12 months (M12) but not significantly different whether or not patients presented with CM. Baseline hyponatremia and at least one neurological symptom were independently associated with CM (p < 0.001). Positive serum cryptococcal antigen at diagnosis was also significantly associated with CM (p < 0.001). On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), three patterns of brain injury were identified: parenchymal, meningeal, and vascular lesions. Although CM does not affect graft function directly, it entails a grim prognosis

    Impact of targeted hypothermia in expanded-criteria organ donors on recipient kidney-graft function: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial (HYPOREME)

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    International audienceIntroduction: Expanded-criteria donors (ECDs) are used to reduce the shortage of kidneys for transplantation. However, kidneys from ECDs are associated with an increased risk of delayed graft function (DGF), a risk factor for allograft loss and mortality. HYPOREME will be a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing targeted hypothermia to normothermia in ECDs, in a country where the use of machine perfusion for organ storage is the standard of care. We hypothesise that hypothermia will decrease the incidence of DGF.Methods and analysis: HYPOREME is a multicentre RCT comparing the effect on kidney function in recipients of targeted hypothermia (34°C-35°C) and normothermia (36.5°C-37.5°C) in the ECDs. The temperature intervention starts from randomisation and is maintained until aortic clamping in the operating room. We aim to enrol 289 ECDs in order to analyse the kidney function of 516 recipients in the 53 participating centres. The primary outcome is the occurrence of DGF in kidney recipients, defined as a requirement for renal replacement therapy within 7 days after transplantation (not counting a single session for hyperkalemia during the first 24 hours). Secondary outcomes include the proportion of patients with individual organs transplanted in each group; the number of organs transplanted from each ECD and the vital status and kidney function of the recipients 7 days, 28 days, 3 months and 1 year after transplantation. An interim analysis is planned after the enrolment of 258 kidney recipients.Ethics and dissemination: The trial was approved by the ethics committee of the French Intensive Care Society (CE-SRLF-16-07) on 26 April 2016 and by the competent French authorities on 20 April 2016 (Comité de Protection des Personnes-TOURS-Région Centre-Ouest 1, registration #2016-S3). Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented during national and international scientific meetings
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