Obstetrical Complications and Outcome in Two Families with Hereditary Angioedema due to Mutation in the F12 Gene

Backgroud. Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by recurrent swelling of the skin, the abdomen (causing severe acute pain), and the airways. A recently discovered type caused by mutations in the factor XII gene (designated as HAE type III) occurs mainly in women. Estrogens may play an important role, but few obstetrical complications have been reported. Case. We report the symptoms and obstetrical complications of women in two families with HAE attributable to the p. Thr328Lys mutation in the F12 gene. Clinical manifestations included acute and severe maternal abdominal pain, with transient ascites, laryngeal edema, and fetal and neonatal deaths. Patients had normal C4 levels and a normal C1 inhibitor gene. Administration of C1-inhibitor concentration twice monthly decreased the attack rate in one mother, and its predelivery administration (1000 U) led to the delivery of healthy girls. Conclusions. Obstetricians and anesthesiologists should be aware of this rare cause of unexplained maternal ascites and in utero or fetal death associated with edema

Barcoding T Cell Calcium Response Diversity with Methods for Automated and Accurate Analysis of Cell Signals (MAAACS)

International audienceWe introduce a series of experimental procedures enabling sensitive calcium monitoring in T cell populations by confocal video-microscopy. Tracking and post-acquisition analysis was performed using Methods for Automated and Accurate Analysis of Cell Signals (MAAACS), a fully customized program that associates a high throughput tracking algorithm, an intuitive reconnection routine and a statistical platform to provide, at a glance, the calcium barcode of a population of individual T-cells. Combined with a sensitive calcium probe, this method allowed us to unravel the heterogeneity in shape and intensity of the calcium response in T cell populations and especially in naive T cells, which display intracellular calcium oscillations upon stimulation by antigen presenting cells

Apport de l'échographie tri-dimensionnelle dans le diagnostic anténatal des fentes labio-palatines

STRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Impact du climat et de la tectonique sur la dynamique des systèmes sédimentaires pendant l'ouverture de l'Atlantique Sud

L'ouverture de l'Atlantique Sud s'est initiée par une phase de rifting au Crétacé inférieur. Pendant cette période, une épaisse série salifère s'est développée dans tout le segment Central. La présence contemporaine d'évaporites, communément associées à un climat aride, suggère donc la possibilité d'avoir eu, au Crétacé inférieur, des zones arides à proximité de l'Equateur. Cette observation soulève alors des questions majeures: quelle a été l'incidence du rifting sur le climat? Et quels rôles ont pu jouer ces deux processus dans la dynamique sédimentaire et entre autre sur la dynamique des dépôts du sel? Dans ce but, une approche par modélisation numérique a été choisie et trois grandes étapes ont été suivies, (1) une synthèse paléogéographique, (2), une modélisation climatique, et (3) une modélisation stratigraphique. La synthèse paléogéographique a permis, dans un premier temps, de mettre en évidence une évolution diachrone de l'activité du rift, précoce au Nord du segment Central avant de se propager dans la partie Sud, et d'autre part de préciser la chronologie des deux phases d'extension, rift et sag. Les modélisations climatiques ont montré l'existence d'une ceinture climatique humide au Nord de la zone d'étude, ainsi qu'une forte saisonnalité. Enfin, les modélisations stratigraphiques ont révélé l'importance de la prise en compte (1) de cette saisonnalité dans les modèles et (2) de la paléogéographie du segment Central. L'interaction entre les trois thématiques a permis de préciser l'importance des paramètres de contrôle pour la formation des évaporites. Ainsi, (1) le climat a joué un rôle majeur en offrant des conditions climatiques favorables grâce à la saisonnalité du climat dans la mise en place des évaporites, mais (2) le rift a exercé un contrôle primordial puisqu'il a généré un régime de subsidence permettant la connexion marine et l'apport de sel nécessaire au dépôt des évaporites dans un bassin encore protégé.The opening of the South Atlantic was initiated by a rifting phase during the Early Cretaceous. During this period a large salt sequence develops in the Central segment. The presence of evaporites, commonly associated to an arid climate, suggests the possibility of having, during the Cretaceous, arid zones close to the equator. This observation raises majors questions: what was the incidence of the rifting on the climate ? And what were the roles of these two processes on the sedimentary dynamic and particularly during the salt deposit? In this purpose a numerical modeling approach was chosen and three major steps were followed: (1) paleogeographic synthesis, (2) climate modeling, and (3) stratigraphic modeling. The paleogeographic synthesis has highlighted, in a first time, a diachronous evolution of rift activity, early in the northern part of the Central segment before spreading in the southern part, and secondly to clarify the chronology of two phases of extension, rift and sag. Climate models have shown the existence of a humid climatic belt northern to the study area, and a strong seasonality. Finally, stratigraphic modeling revealed the importance of taking into account (1) of this seasonality pattern and (2) of the paleogeography of the Central segment. The interaction between the three thematic has clarified the importance of the control factors for the formation of evaporites. Thus, (1) the climate played a major role in providing favorable climatic conditions due to the seasonnality, but (2) the rift has been the primary control factor by allowing a subsidence for marine connection and income of salt for deposition of evaporites in a restricted basin.RENNES1-BU Sciences Philo (352382102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Tectonic-driven climate change and the diversification of angiosperms

In 1879, Charles Darwin characterized the sudden and unexplained rise of angiosperms during the Cretaceous as an “abominable mystery.” The diversification of this clade marked the beginning of a rapid transition among Mesozoic ecosystems and floras formerly dominated by ferns, conifers, and cycads. Although the role of environmental factors has been suggested [Coiffard C, Gómez B (2012) Geol Acta 10(2):181–188], Cretaceous global climate change has barely been considered as a contributor to angiosperm radiation, and focus was put on biotic factors to explain this transition. Here we use a fully coupled climate model driven by Mesozoic paleogeographic maps to quantify and discuss the impact of continental drift on angiosperm expansion and diversification. We show that the decrease of desertic belts between the Triassic and the Cretaceous and the subsequent onset of long-lasting humid conditions during the Late Cretaceous were driven by the breakup of Pangea and were contemporaneous with the first rise of angiosperm diversification. Positioning angiosperm-bearing fossil sites on our paleobioclimatic maps shows a strong match between the location of fossil-rich outcrops and temperate humid zones, indicating that climate change from arid to temperate dominance may have set the stage for the ecological expansion of flowering plants

Tectonic-driven climate change and the diversification of angiosperms

International audienceIn 1879, Charles Darwin characterized the sudden and unexplained rise of angiosperms during the Cretaceous as an “abominable mystery.” The diversification of this clade marked the beginning of a rapid transition among Mesozoic ecosystems and floras formerly dominated by ferns, conifers, and cycads. Although the role of environmental factors has been suggested [Coiffard C, Gómez B (2012) Geol Acta 10(2):181–188], Cretaceous global climate change has barely been considered as a contributor to angiosperm radiation, and focus was put on biotic factors to explain this transition. Here we use a fully coupled climate model driven by Mesozoic paleogeographic maps to quantify and discuss the impact of continental drift on angiosperm expansion and diversification. We show that the decrease of desertic belts between the Triassic and the Cretaceous and the subsequent onset of long-lasting humid conditions during the Late Cretaceous were driven by the breakup of Pangea and were contemporaneous with the first rise of angiosperm diversification. Positioning angiosperm-bearing fossil sites on our paleobioclimatic maps shows a strong match between the location of fossil-rich outcrops and temperate humid zones, indicating that climate change from arid to temperate dominance may have set the stage for the ecological expansion of flowering plants

Impact of the South Atlantic opening on global and regional climate during Aptian and Albian times

International audienceThe South Atlantic ocean was initiated with a rifting phase during the Cretaceous: the Austral segment until the Walvis-Rio Grande Fracture zone opening during the upper Jurassic and lower Cretaceous, and the Central segment, from the Walvis-Rio Grande ridge to Ascension Fracture zone opening during Aptian. The latter is characterized by the presence of a thick salt layer (Brice et al., 1982; Brognon et Verrier, 1996), distinctive of an arid climate. During the connexion between the North and the South Atlantic during Albian times, a wet climatic belt occurs north of the Central segment (Chumakov et al., 1995). What does the occurring of this belt mean? What is the impact of the South Atlantic opening on climatic changes? What are the consequences on the sedimentary deposits? In order to integrate climatic controls in sedimentary record of this section of the South Atlantic, we used an Earth system model called FOAM (for Fast Ocean Atmopshere Model) allowing to integrate and to simulate the consequences of the South Atlantic ocean opening. Three continental configurations were used: Lower and Upper Aptian, and Albian, according to palaeogeography of Sewall et al., 2007. Elevation of Andes and paleoshorelines were modified for the american and african cratons. Owing to the existing uncertainties about the elevation of the rift, we tested 1000m and 3000m of rift shoulders. The atmospheric CO2 concentration was kept constant for the three experiments, and set at 1120ppm. On a global scale, contrary to the evolution of the climatic zonation suggested by Chumakov et al., 1995, we found that the wet climatic belt north of the Central segment is a robust and constant feature of our simulations for the entire studied time period (125-109 Ma). The situation of this belt (ITCZ for Intertropical Convergent Zone) is not disrupted by a rift shoulder of 1000m. Conversely, the presence of a rift shoulder of 3000m plays a major role, the ITCZ becomes discontinuous on the African continent, and a monsoon system occurs on American rift shoulder. On a regional scale, the salinity of the Central segment is controlled by the intensity of runoff. An intense runoff into the Central Segment causes a dilution of seawater, resulting in low salinity. This portion of the South Atlantic is located near of the ITCZ, and is therefore affected by seasonality for both rift shoulders. During the summer in the North hemisphere, the South Atlantic is characterized by a negative precipitation-evaporation (p-e) balance because of the movement of the ITCZ to higher northern latitudes. Conversely during the winter, the South Atlantic is affected by a positive p-e induced by the movement of the ITCZ to lower southern latitudes. The presence of a rift shoulder of 3000m involving a monsoonal system causes a drying of a part of Africa, where the ITCZ is discontinuous. In conclusion, our climatic simulations show that the evaporites of the South Atlantic were not deposited in an arid climate

Impact du climat et de la paléogéographie sur la mise en place des évaporites de l'Atlantique Sud au Crétacé inférieur

National audienceL'ouverture de l'Atlantique Sud s'est initiée par une phase de rifting au Crétacé inférieur, avec l'ouverture du segment Austral dans le secteur Sud s'ouvrant à l'Hauterivien, et du segment Central dans le secteur Nord, s'ouvrant à l'Aptien. Ce dernier est caractérisé par une épaisse série salifère, de 1 à 2 km, mise en place à l'Aptien (Brice et al., 1982; Brognon et Verrier, 1996), communément associée à un climat aride. Dans cette séquence évaporitique, différents assemblages minéralogiques sont recensés. Des évaporites hautement solubles de type "potashes" sont répertoriées dans la partie Nord du segment Central, alors que des évaporites plus "classiques", moins solubles, type anhydrite, gypse, halite sont enregistrées dans la partie Sud. Plusieurs questions cruciales peuvent alors être posées: Quel était le climat lors du dépôt du sel? Quel fut le rôle de la paléogéographie? Comment ces deux facteurs ont-ils contrôlés la sédimentation évaporitique dans le segment Central, et la répartition minéralogique des évaporites? Afin de simuler le climat à l'Aptien supérieur, nous avons utilisé le modèle climatique FOAM (pour Fast Ocean Atmosphere). Les résultats de nos modélisations indiquent la présence d'une ceinture climatique humide présente au Nord du segment Central à cette époque. A cet endroit, les précipitations y sont toujours plus importantes, quelle que soit la saison. Ces dernières provoquent une dilution des saumures, impliquant des valeurs de salinité réduites. La partie Sud est quant à elle peu affectée par des précipitations et la salinité dans le segment Central atteint de fortes valeurs. Les conditions sont donc favorables à la mise en place des évaporites à cet endroit, et un contrôle climatique est probable. La présence de sels "potashes" hautement solubles dans la partie Nord, là où les conditions sont moins favorables, implique un second facteur de contrôle pour leur mise en place. L'hypothèse d'une influence hydrothermale, émise par Hardie (1990), pourrait expliquer d'une part la minéralogie particulière de ces sels, et d'autre part leur présence dans des conditions moins favorables. Le dépôt de ces évaporites résulterait alors d'un contrôle géodynamique dans la partie Nord du segment Central. Nos résultats montrent également que la salinité dans le bassin évaporitique est fortement dépendante du ruissellement à l'intérieur de celuici. Ainsi, une restriction des apports d'eau douce est nécessaire, afin de permettre la mise en place des évaporites. Enfin, selon nos simulations, une ceinture climatique humide serait donc présente sur l'Amérique du Sud et l'Afrique à l'Aptien inférieur, excluant un climat totalement aride à cette époque, comme proposé par Chumakov et al. (1995)

The Aptian evaporites of the South Atlantic: a climatic paradox ?

International audienceFor a long time, evaporitic sequences have been interpreted as indicative of an arid climate. Such systematic interpretations led to the suggestion that the Central segment of the South Atlantic (20-0 ) was characterized by an arid climate during the upper Aptian. Indeed, synchronous to this period that corresponds to the rifting and to the opening of this part of the South Atlantic, a large evaporitic sequence spreads out from the equator to 20 S. Using the fully ocean atmosphere coupled model FOAM, we test the potential for the Aptian geography to produce an arid area over the Central segment. Sensitivity to the altitude of the rift shoulders separating the Africa and the South America cratons, to the water depth of the Central segment and to the drainage pattern have been performed. Using seawater salinity as a diagnostic, our simulations show that the southern part of the Central segment is characterized by very high salinity in the case of catchment areas draining the water out of the Central segment. Conversely, whatever the boundary conditions used, the northern part of the Central segment remains humid and salinities are very low. Hence, we conclude that the evaporites deposited in the southern part of the Central segment may have been controlled by the climate favouring aridity and high saline waters. In contrast, the evaporites of the northern part can hardly be reconciled with the climatic conditions occurring there and may be due to hydrothermal sources. Our interpretations are in agreement with the gradient found in the mineralogical compositions of the evaporites from the North to the South, i.e. the northern evaporites are at least 4 times more concentrated than the southern one