Characterization of the female reproductive cycle in the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)

Gender and biological sex are important variables in biomedical research, and a female’s reproductive status is an important factor that plays a role in and impacts health outcomes. Understanding how the female reproductive cycle affects behavior may help in the development of treatments that can be implemented in a clinical setting. Following Dr. Orsini\u27s protocol, published in 1961, to identify and document the different stages of the female hamsters’ 4-day estrous cycle, we characterized the female hamsters’ estrus cycle by inspecting vaginal discharge phenomena. Orsini (1961) named day 1 discharge of the cycle as translucent (TS), day 2 as postestrus (PO), day 3 as a waxy plug (WP), and day 4 as negative (NEG). We cycled 20 female hamsters from our colony to replicate Orsini’s findings and we also tested the hypothesis that there are individual differences in the pattern of the estrous cycle. We found that over a 29-day period, the hamsters were in TS on average 3.2 days (standard error = 0.337); in PO 4.55 days (SE= 0.344); in WP 2.65 days (SE= 0.365); and in NEG 14.1 days (SE= 0.566). These data support our hypothesis that there are individual differences in the pattern of the female cycle. Next, we conducted a 10-minute open-field experiment to investigate sex differences in anxiety-like and exploratory behaviors. We found that female hamsters traveled an average 41.5 m, which was significantly higher vs males that traveled 33.6m (p\u3c0.05), whereas males spent significantly more time immobile (mean = 157.7) compared to females (mean= 103.6) (p\u3c0.05). We also plan to determine how each stage of their cycle affects them during experiments versus male hamsters. Our goal is to develop the female hamster as a model to study how reproductive status impacts behavior, cognitive function, and health outcomes

Solución o pago efectivo en el Derecho Civil del Ecuador

La presente investigación, que lleva por título, La solución o pago efectivo en el Derecho Civil de Ecuador, tiene como fin realizar un estudio de las normas que regulan el pago en sus diferentes ámbitos. El Código Civil Ecuatoriano establece mecanismos a través de los cuales se puede extinguir las obligaciones y entre los modos de extinguir las obligaciones tenemos: La solución o pago efectivo, y que el Código lo define como, la prestación de lo que se debe. El pago es el modo de normal de extinguir las obligaciones, ya que consiste en el hecho de cumplir la prestación prometida, sea cual fuere, entrega de una suma de dinero, entrega de un objeto, realización de un trabajo, etc. El pago admite diversas modalidades dentro de las cuales encontramos: el pago efectivo, el pago por consignación, el pago con subrogación, el pago por cesión de bienes y el pago con beneficio de competencia. La solución o pago efectivo al ser un mecanismo para extinguir las obligaciones implica poner un fin al vínculo existente entre acreedor y deudor.This research defined as, The Solution or Money Payment in the Ecuadorian Civil Right, as its final aim has the development of a study of the laws which control payment in its different extensions. The Ecuadorian Civil Code establishes methods that can be applied to delete the payment obligations. Some of them are the following: the solution or money payment that is defined as, The Profit of what is owed. Payment is the natural way to finish payment obligations. In other words, the fulfillment of the promised profit means giving a specific amount of money, giving and object or doing a job. The payment obligations admits varied procedures, such as: money payment, consignment payment, subrogation payment, payment for assets cessation, and the payment with competence benefit. In conclusion, the solution or money payment is a method to finish the obligations and to conclude the bond between the creditor and debtor.Abogada de los Tribunales de Justicia de la República y Licenciada en Ciencias Políticas y SocialesCuenc

Influencia de las actitudes al consumo de alcohol en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en universitarios del ecuador: un modelo explicativo con sem

Objective: Establish an explanatory model through latent variables analysis of tobacco consumption based on al-cohol consumption and alcohol consumption based on attitudes towards consumption in a sample of university students in Ecuador. Method: Descriptive correlational and explanatory design using SEM (Structural Equation Mo-deling) techniques. Participants: 546 students (69.2% women) aged between 17 and 41 years old (M= 21.3 years old; SD= 2.6), from four universities (45.1% public ones) in two cities of Ecuador. Results: The predominance of alcohol consumption is high; the prevalence of tobacco consumption is low, and attitudes towards alcohol consumption are ambivalent. Alcohol attitudes predict alcohol consumption (R2= .57) and alcohol consumption predicts tobacco consumption (R2= .26). Attitudes and consumption provide an explanatory model for tobacco consumption with ꭓ2= 662.59; p< .001; df= 480; ꭓ2/gl= 1.4; CFI= .95; TLI= .94; SRMR= .049; RMSEA= .026 [.021 - .031]. Conclusions: The study of attitudes and consumption behaviors are important for a better understanding about alcohol and tobacco consumption in university student

Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de ajuste diádico en jóvenes y adultos de Lima Metropolitana, 2020

Este estudio se elaboró con la finalidad de analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de ajuste diádico en jóvenes y adultos de Lima Metropolitana. El tipo de estudio fue instrumental, donde se trabajó con una muestra de 321 personas en relación de pareja que habiten en Lima; donde los rangos de edades fueron entre 18 y 65 años, que se encuentren casadas o en convivencia, donde fueron evaluados con la EAD. Los resultados de la investigación lograron estimar la validez y confiabilidad esperada mediante el AFC se verificó que un modelo oblicuo, se adecuaba mejor que un modelo jerárquico o un modelo unifactorial. La consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente alfa donde los factores oscilan entre 0,60 y 0,87. Así mismo, se evaluó la invarianza de medición considerando variable contraste al sexo, donde los resultados evidenciaron invarianza. Finalmente, los resultados de este estudio son semejantes a los del autor original Spanier y también a los estudios de adaptación en otros países, por lo que se concluye que el instrumento presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométrica

La administración del cambio y la productividad de los colaboradores en un organismo público en San Juan de Lurigancho

La presente investigación que lleva como título: La administración del cambio y la productividad de los colaboradores en un organismo público en San Juan de Lurigancho, se planteó como objetivo general determinar la relación que existe entre la administración del cambio y la productividad de los colaboradores en un organismo público en San Juan de Lurigancho, asimismo tuvo como hipótesis que, existe una relación entre la administración del cambio y la productividad de los colaboradores en un organismo público en San Juan de Lurigancho. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un diseño no experimental de tipo aplicado, descriptivo-correlacional, asimismo se realizó el censo a los 50 trabajadores de la entidad, la cual es objeto de estudio y a quienes se les aplicó dos cuestionarios, uno sobre la variable administración del cambio y la segunda para la variable productividad. Los resultados de la investigación fueron comprobados a través de la prueba estadística que arroja el programa SPSS versión 23, la cual señala que el valor de sig. Bilateral fue de 0,000 y el valor de coeficiente de correlación resultó 0,578, esto indica que existe una relación entre la administración del cambio y la productividad de los colaboradores en un organismo público en San Juan de Lurigancho

La lengua española y las variedades lingüísticas en los educandos de la universidad nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión LCII, 2021-II

Objetivo: “Determinar la interrelación de la lengua española y las variedades lingüísticas en los educandos de la Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión, especialidad LCII 2021-II” Material y método: la presente investigación es de nivel correlacional de corte transversal y cuantitativo, la población está conformada por los alumnos de la especialidad de LCEII, su muestra está conformada por un total de 48 alumnos de la especialidad de LCEII, para la recolección de datos se ha utilizado la encuesta para ambas variables como son la lengua española y las variaciones lingüísticas. Resultados y conclusiones: se llega a la conclusión donde se afirma la hipótesis alternativa “Existe una interrelación entre la lengua española y las variedades lingüísticas en los educandos de la Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión, especialidad LCII 2021-II”, y se rechaza la hipótesis nula

A randomized controlled trial of the effects of whole grains versus refined grains diets on the microbiome in pregnancy

Dietary whole grain consumption has been postulated to have metabolic benefits. The purpose of this study was to compare a pregnancy diet containing 75% of total carbohydrates as refined grains with a diet of 75% of total carbohydrates as whole grains for pregnancy outcomes and effects on the microbiome. Gestational weight gain, glucose tolerance and newborn outcomes were measured on 248 enrolled compliant women from whom a subset of 103 women consented to give 108 vaginal and 109 anal swabs. The data presented here are limited to the patients from whom the vaginal and anal swabs were obtained in order to study the microbiome. A microbiome—16SrRNA survey—was characterized in these samples. Samples and measurements were obtained at the first obstetrical visit, before beginning a prescribed diet (T1—baseline) and after 17–32\ua0weeks on the prescribed diet (T3). Food frequency questionnaires and total plasma alkylresorcinols were used as a measure of whole grain consumption. There were no dietary differences in maternal weight gain, birth weight, or glucose tolerance test. Mothers consuming the whole grains diet showed a trend of gestational decrease in vaginal bacterial alpha diversity, with increasing Lactobacillus-dominance. No significant difference was observed for the anal microbiome. The results suggest that diet modulations of the vaginal microbiome during gestation may have important implications for maternal and neonatal health and in the intergenerational transfer of maternal microbiome. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03232762

Overexpression of the Aspergillus nidulans histone 4 acetyltransferase EsaA increases activation of secondary metabolite production

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Soukup, A. A., Chiang, Y.-M., Bok, J. W., Reyes-Dominguez, Y., Oakley, B. R., Wang, C. C. C., Strauss, J. and Keller, N. P. (2012), Overexpression of the Aspergillus nidulans histone 4 acetyltransferase EsaA increases activation of secondary metabolite production. Molecular Microbiology, 86: 314–330. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08195.x, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08195.x. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.Regulation of secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters in Aspergillus nidulans has been shown to occur through cluster specific transcription factors or through global regulators of chromatin structure such as histone methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, or the putative methyltransferase LaeA. A multi-copy suppressor screen for genes capable of returning SM production to the SM deficient ΔlaeA mutant resulted in identification of the essential histone acetyltransferase EsaA, able to complement an esa1 deletion in Saccharomyces cereviseae. Here we report that EsaA plays a novel role in SM cluster activation through histone 4 lysine 12 (H4K12) acetylation in four examined SM gene clusters (sterigmatocystin, penicillin, terrequinone, and orsellinic acid), in contrast to no increase in H4K12 acetylation of the housekeeping tubA promoter. This augmented SM cluster acetylation requires LaeA for full effect and correlates with both increased transcript levels and metabolite production relative to wild type. H4K12 levels may thus represent a unique indicator of relative production potential, notably of SMs