Sobreeducación en el mercado laboral urbano de Colombia para el año 2006

En este trabajo se analiza la sobreeducación en el mercado laboral de las Trece áreas Metropolitanas usando la información de la Encuesta Continua de Hogares del segundo trimestre de 2006 y el método estadístico para identificar a los sobreeducados. Los resultados señalan que aproximadamente el 13% de los trabajadores de las siete categorías ocupacionales analizadas se encontraban sobreeducado

Physicochemical, functional and structural characterization of fibre from defatted Rosa rubiginosa and Gevuina avellana seeds

The composition, functional properties and structural features of the fiber from Rosa rubiginosa defatted seeds and from Gevuina avellana defatted and partially deproteinized seeds were evaluated. The effect of phosphate salts and temperature during the extraction of fibres and the influence of two drying technologies on the distribution of soluble and insoluble dietary fibre were assessed. The extraction of protein and monosaccharides was favoured by increasing temperature in the range studied. Water and oil absorption capacities higher than 10 g g¯¹ were observed for soluble and insoluble fibres from Gevuina avellana and for the soluble ones from Rosa rubiginosa. The insoluble fibre product from Rosa and Gevuina contained 650-810 g kgˉ¹ and 390-440 g kg¯¹ neutral detergent fibre respectively. The protein content in the insoluble fibre varied in the range 100-150 g kg¯¹ and 120-260 g kg¯¹ and in the soluble fibre between 200-550 g kg¯¹ and 180-370 g kg¯¹ for Rosa and Gevuina respectively.European Commission - INCO-DC. Xunta Galicia - University of Vigo - ERBIC 18 CT 970206, MEC (ALI98-1641-CE)

Non uniform embedding based on relevance analysis with reduced computational complexity: application to the detection of pathologies from biosignal recordings

Nonlinear analysis tools for studying and characterizing the dynamics of physiological signals have gained popularity, mainly because tracking sudden alterations of the inherent complexity of biological processes might be an indicator of altered physiological states. Typically, in order to perform an analysis with such tools, the physiological variables that describe the biological process under study are used to reconstruct the underlying dynamics of the biological processes. For that goal, a procedure called time-delay or uniform embedding is usually employed. Nonetheless, there is evidence of its inability for dealing with non-stationary signals, as those recorded from many physiological processes. To handle with such a drawback, this paper evaluates the utility of non-conventional time series reconstruction procedures based on non uniform embedding, applying them to automatic pattern recognition tasks. The paper compares a state of the art non uniform approach with a novel scheme which fuses embedding and feature selection at once, searching for better reconstructions of the dynamics of the system. Moreover, results are also compared with two classic uniform embedding techniques. Thus, the goal is comparing uniform and non uniform reconstruction techniques, including the one proposed in this work, for pattern recognition in biomedical signal processing tasks. Once the state space is reconstructed, the scheme followed characterizes with three classic nonlinear dynamic features (Largest Lyapunov Exponent, Correlation Dimension and Recurrence Period Density Entropy), while classification is carried out by means of a simple k-nn classifier. In order to test its generalization capabilities, the approach was tested with three different physiological databases (Speech Pathologies, Epilepsy and Heart Murmurs). In terms of the accuracy obtained to automatically detect the presence of pathologies, and for the three types of biosignals analyzed, the non uniform techniques used in this work lightly outperformed the results obtained using the uniform methods, suggesting their usefulness to characterize non-stationary biomedical signals in pattern recognition applications. On the other hand, in view of the results obtained and its low computational load, the proposed technique suggests its applicability for the applications under study

Advances in understanding molecular regulation of innate immune memory

© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).The epigenetic and functional reprogramming of immune genes during induction of trained immunity is accompanied by the metabolic rewiring of cellular state. This memory is induced in the hematopoietic niche and propagated to daughter cells, generating epigenetically and metabolically reprogrammed innate immune cells that are greatly enhanced in their capacity to resolve inflammation. In particular, these cells show accumulation of H3K4me3 and H3K27Ac epigenetic marks on multiple immune gene promoters and associated enhancers. However, the mechanism governing how these epigenetic marks accumulate at discrete immune gene loci has been poorly understood, until now. Here, we discuss some recent advances in the regulation of trained immunity, with a particular focus on the mechanistic role of a novel class of long non-coding RNAs in the establishment of epigenetic marks on trained immune gene promoters.M.G.N. was supported by a Spinoza Grant of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. L.A.B.J. was supported by a Competitiveness Operational Program grant of the Romanian Ministry of European Funds (HINT, ID P_37_762; MySMIS 103587). M.M.M. research is supported by a Department of Science and Technology Centre of Competence Grant, an SA Medical Research Council SHIP grant, and a CSIR Parliamentary Grant, all to M.M.M, and M.M.M. is a Chan Zuckerberg Investigator of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Automatic age detection in normal and pathological voice

Systems that automatically detect voice pathologies are usually trained with recordings belonging to population of all ages. However such an approach might be inadequate because of the acoustic variations in the voice caused by the natural aging process. In top of that, elder voices present some perturbations in quality similar to those related to voice disorders, which make the detection of pathologies more troublesome. With this in mind, the study of methodologies which automatically incorporate information about speakers’ age, aiming at a simplification in the detection of voice disorders is of interest. In this respect, the present paper introduces an age detector trained with normal and pathological voice, constituting a first step towards the study of age-dependent pathology detectors. The proposed system employs sustained vowels of the Saarbrucken database from which two age groups are examinated: adults and elders. Mel frequency cepstral coefficients for characterization, and Gaussian mixture models for classification are utilized. In addition, fusion of vowels at score level is considered to improve detection performance. Results suggest that age might be effectively recognized using normal and pathological voices when using sustained vowels as acoustical material, opening up possibilities for the design of automatic age-dependent voice pathology detection systems

Análisis de los Factores Motivacionales para la Retención del Personal en una Unidad de la BRIPAC "ALMOGÁVARES" VI

Desde que en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII tuviera lugar la Revolución Industrial, el mundo ha avanzado de manera considerable evolucionando desde una sociedad mayoritariamente rural hasta la era tecnológica en la que nos encontramos en la actualidad. Por su parte, las organizaciones no han permanecido ajenas a este cambio y se han visto obligadas a adaptarse a un nuevo presente. Por ello, y como fruto del avance tecnológico, las empresas se han visto forzadas a formar y contratar trabajadores cada vez más especializados, adquiriendo estos últimos gran importancia. Nace de este modo, el llamado capital intelectual, que, como muchos autores afirman, supone la ventaja competitiva de las organizaciones. Así, cobra especial relevancia la retención del personal en las empresas, pues cuando un trabajador abandona una organización, lo hace con todo el conocimiento y experiencia que posee. La institución militar no ha permanecido ajena a este cambio. Por ello, a pesar de la mejora del material, el factor humano continúa siendo su principal recurso. Sin embargo, algunas unidades como la Brigada Paracaidista sufren una gran rotación de personal junto con las consecuencias que esto acarrea. En este trabajo, se han analizado los factores que motivan a los trabajadores de las organizaciones civiles para posteriormente verificar, mediante un cuestionario, la existencia de éstos en la Unidad “Almogávares” VI. De este modo, se han obtenido unos resultados que indican que el personal de la Unidad se comporta de manera similar al entorno civil presentando determinadas características diferenciales. Los factores motivacionales que destacan son, entre otros, el compromiso con la organización, la autorrealización o el reconocimiento social. Por otro lado, se observa que la seguridad influye de manera negativa en su permanencia. En consecuencia, se puede elaborar un plan de retención cuyos pilares sean estos factores, sin perder de vista el principal objetivo de la Unidad: estar en disposición de realizar con éxito las actuales misiones internacionales encomendadas.<br /

Evaluation of skin expression profiles of patients with vitiligo treated with narrow-band UVB therapy by targeted RNA-seq

Abstract: Background: Vitiligo is characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin. To date, there are no studies that analyze the changes in gene expression in the skin of vitiligo patients in response to narrow-band ultraviolet B (nb-UVB) phototherapy treatment. oBjective: Explore the usefulness of new generation RNA sequencing in the identification of gene expression changes in the skin of vitiligo patients treated with nb-UVB phototherapy. Methods: Four skin biopsies (4mm in diameter) were collected from 45 Mexican vitiligo vulgaris patients, 2 specimens before and 2 after treatment with nb-UVB phototherapy, obtained from pigmented and non-pigmented tissue. RNA extracted from the biopsies was analyzed using the Illumina TruSeq Targeted RNA Expression protocol to study the expression of genes that participate in pathways of skin homeostasis. The 2 groups were compared using Student’s t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. results: The expression analysis identified differences in 12 genes included in this study after comparing the samples obtained before and after treatment: 5 genes involved in skin pigmentation, 2 genes involved in apoptosis, 2 genes involved in cell survival, 2 genes involved in oxidative stress responses and 1 gene involved in signal transduction mechanisms (p<0.05). study liMitations: The small size of skin biopsies limits the amount of RNA obtained, the number of genes to be analyzed and the use of conventional techniques such as RT-qPCR. conclusion: We demonstrated usefulness of new generation RNA sequencing in the identification of gene expression changes, in addition to identifying new targets in the study of vitiligo. Keywords: Gene expression; Phototherapy; Vitilig

Improving Message Delivery Performance in Opportunistic Networks using a Forced-stop diffusion scheme

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40509-4_11The performance of mobile opportunistic networks strongly depends on contact duration. If the contact lasts less than the required transmission times, some messages will not get delivered, and the whole diffusion scheme will be seriously affected. In this paper we propose a new diffusion method, called Forced-Stop, that is based on controlling node mobility to guarantee a complete message transfer. Using the ONE simulator and realistic mobility traces, we compared our proposal with the classical Epidemic diffusion. We show that Forced-Stop improves the message delivery performance, increasing the delivery ratio up to 30\%, and reducing the latency of message delivery up to 40\%, with a limited impact on buffer utilisation and message relaying. These results can be a relevant indication to the designers of opportunistic network applications that could integrate in their products strategies to inform the user about the need to temporarily stop in order to favor the overall data delivery.This work was partially supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, Proyectos I+D+I 2014, Spain, under Grant TEC2014-52690-R, the Generalitat Valenciana, Spain, under Grant AICO/2015/108, the Secretaría Nacional de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Ecuador(SENESCYT), and the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabi, Ecuador.Herrera Tapia, J.; Hernández Orallo, E.; Tomás Domínguez, AE.; Manzoni, P.; Tavares De Araujo Cesariny Calafate, CM.; Cano Escribá, JC. (2016). Improving Message Delivery Performance in Opportunistic Networks using a Forced-stop diffusion scheme. En Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks. Springer. 156-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40509-4_11S156168Pelusi, L., Passarella, A., Conti, M.: Opportunistic networking: data forwarding in disconnected mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Commun. Mag. 44(11), 134–141 (2006)Ferretti, S.: Shaping opportunistic networks. Comput. Commun. 36, 481–503 (2013)Keränen, A., Ott, J., Kärkkäinen, T.: The ONE simulator for DTN protocol evaluation. In: Proceedings of the Second International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques, Rome (2009)Tsai, T.-C., Chan, H.-H.: NCCU Trace: social-network-aware mobility trace. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53, 144–149 (2015)AnAverage WhatsApp User Sends Messages per Month, 15 September 2015. http://www.statista.com/chart/1938/monthly-whatsapp-usage-per-userNiu, J., Guo, J., Cai, Q., Sadeh, N., Guo, S.: predict and spread: an efficient routing algorithm for opportunistic networking. In: Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2011 IEEE, pp. 498–503, Cancún (2011)Thakur, G.S., Kumar, U., Helmy, A., Hsu, W.-J.: On the efficacy of mobility modeling for DTN evaluation: analysis of encounter statistics andspatio-temporal preferences. In: 7th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), pp. 510–515, Istanbul (2011)Warthman, F.: Delay-and Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) a tutorial, version 2.0. In: The InterPlaNetary (IPN) Internet Project. InterPlanetary Networking Special Interest Group (IPNSIG) (2012)Battestini, A., Setlur, V., Sohn, T.: A large scale study of text messaging use. In: 12th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services MobileHCI, pp. 1–10, Lisbon (2010)Förster, A., Garg, K., Nguyen, H.A., Giordano, S. On context awareness and social distance in human mobility traces. 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Sistematización de la experiencia de la formulación participativa de la política pública de salud bucal de Medellín 2013-2022

La Secretaría de Salud de Medellín, en el marco del Plan de Desarrollo “Medellín un hogar para la vida, 2012-2015” y del Plan Territorial de Salud del cuatrienio, lideró la formulación de la Política Pública de Salud Bucal de la ciudad de Medellín - PPSB. La formulación se desarrolló en dos etapas, entre septiembre de 2012 - enero de 2013 y entre junio de 2013 y marzo de 2014 respectivamente. Para ello, junto con la Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública de la Universidad de Antioquia se realizó la orientación técnica y metodológica. El propósito fue construir una plataforma para orientar y proyectar estratégicamente las acciones de salud bucal de la ciudad. Una herramienta para la gestión gubernamental y de los actores sociales e institucionales, que construida de modo participativo, lograra acuerdos colectivos en la forma de problematizar la realidad de la práctica odontológica y de la salud bucal, a partir de lo cual definir una proyección a futuro, con una sólida legitimidad entre los actores y suficiente fuerza vinculante para renovar el quehacer, en un nuevo modo de acción articulado, estratégico y participativo