3,200 research outputs found
Two-photon width of the charmonium state X_(c2)
The two-photon width of X_(c2)^3P_2 state of charmonium has been measured using 14.4 fb^(-1) of e^+e^-data taken at √s
=9.46–11.30 GeV with the CLEO III detector. The yy-fusion reaction studied is e^+e^- → e^+e^-yy, → yy X_(c2) → yJ/Ψ → ye^+e^-(µ^+µ^-). We measure Г_(yy) (X_(c2))B(X_(c2)) → y
J/Ψ)B(J/Ψ → e^+e^- + µ^+µ^-)= 13.2 ± 1.4(stat)± 1.1(syst) eV, and obtain Г yy(Xc2)= 559 ± 57(stat) ± 48(syst) ± 36(br) eV. This result is in excellent agreement with the result of -fusion measurement by Belle and is consistent with that of the pp → X_(c2) → yy measurement, when they are both reevaluated using the recent CLEO result for the radiative decay X_(c2) → J/Ψ
Magneto-Acoustic Spectroscopy in Superfluid 3He-B
We have used the recently discovered acoustic Faraday effect in superfluid
3He to perform high resolution spectroscopy of an excited state of the
superfluid condensate. With acoustic cavity interferometry we measure the
rotation of the plane of polarization of a transverse sound wave propagating in
the direction of magnetic field from which we determine the Zeeman energy of
the excited state. We interpret the Lande g-factor, combined with the
zero-field energies of the state, using the theory of Sauls and Serene to
calculate the strength of f -wave interactions in 3He.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRL, Aug 30th, 200
Epitaxial Growth Kinetics with Interacting Coherent Islands
The Stranski-Krastanov growth kinetics of undislocated (coherent)
3-dimensional islands is studied with a self-consistent mean field rate theory
that takes account of elastic interactions between the islands. The latter are
presumed to facilitate the detachment of atoms from the islands with a
consequent decrease in their average size. Semi-quantitative agreement with
experiment is found for the time evolution of the total island density and the
mean island size. When combined with scaling ideas, these results provide a
natural way to understand the often-observed initial increase and subsequent
decrease in the width of the coherent island size distribution.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Simulations of spiral galaxies with an active potential: molecular cloud formation and gas dynamics
We describe simulations of the response of a gaseous disc to an active spiral
potential. The potential is derived from an N-body calculation and leads to a
multi-armed time-evolving pattern. The gas forms long spiral arms typical of
grand design galaxies, although the spiral pattern is asymmetric. The primary
difference from a grand-design spiral galaxy, which has a consistent 2/4-armed
pattern, is that instead of passing through the spiral arms, gas generally
falls into a developing potential minimum and is released only when the local
minimum dissolves. In this case, the densest gas is coincident with the spiral
potential, rather than offset as in the grand-design spirals. We would there
fore expect no offset between the spiral shock and star formation, and no
obvious co-rotation radius. Spurs which occur in grand-design spirals when
large clumps are sheared off leaving the spiral arms, are rare in the active,
time-evolving spiral reported here. Instead, large branches are formed from
spiral arms when the underlying spiral potential is dissolving due to the
N-body dynamics. We find that the molecular cloud mass spectrum for the active
potential is similar to that for clouds in grand design calculations, depending
primarily on the ambient pressure rather than the nature of the potential. The
largest molecular clouds occur when spiral arms collide, rather than by
agglomeration within a spiral arm.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Dynamics of Metal Centers Monitored by Nuclear Inelastic Scattering
Nuclear inelastic scattering of synchrotron radiation has been used now since
10 years as a tool for vibrational spectroscopy. This method has turned out
especially useful in case of large molecules that contain a M\"ossbauer active
metal center. Recent applications to iron-sulfur proteins, to iron(II) spin
crossover complexes and to tin-DNA complexes are discussed. Special emphasis is
given to the combination of nuclear inelastic scattering and density functional
calculations
Sex and the preimplantation embryo: implications of sexual dimorphism in the preimplantation period for maternal programming of embryonic development.
201
Strain-Dependence of Surface Diffusion: Ag on Ag(111) and Pt(111)
Using density-functional theory with the local-density approximation and the
generalized gradient approximation we compute the energy barriers for surface
diffusion for Ag on Pt(111), Ag on one monolayer of Ag on Pt(111), and Ag on
Ag(111). The diffusion barrier for Ag on Ag(111) is found to increase linearly
with increasing lattice constant. We also discuss the reconstruction that has
been found experimentally when two Ag layers are deposited on Pt(111). Our
calculations explain why this strain driven reconstruction occurs only after
two Ag layers have been deposited.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Phys. Rev. B 55 (1997), in pres
Three-dimensional atmospheric circulation of hot Jupiters on highly eccentric orbits
Of the over 800 exoplanets detected to date, over half are on non-circular
orbits, with eccentricities as high as 0.93. Such orbits lead to time-variable
stellar heating, which has implications for the planet's atmospheric dynamical
regime. However, little is known about this dynamical regime, and how it may
influence observations. Therefore, we present a systematic study of hot
Jupiters on highly eccentric orbits using the SPARC/MITgcm, a model which
couples a three-dimensional general circulation model with a plane-parallel,
two-stream, non-grey radiative transfer model. In our study, we vary the
eccentricity and orbit-average stellar flux over a wide range. We demonstrate
that the eccentric hot Jupiter regime is qualitatively similar to that of
planets on circular orbits; the planets possess a superrotating equatorial jet
and exhibit large day-night temperature variations. We show that these
day-night heating variations induce momentum fluxes equatorward to maintain the
superrotating jet throughout its orbit. As the eccentricity and/or stellar flux
is increased, the superrotating jet strengthens and narrows, due to a smaller
Rossby deformation radius. For a select number of model integrations, we
generate full-orbit lightcurves and find that the timing of transit and
secondary eclipse viewed from Earth with respect to periapse and apoapse can
greatly affect what we see in infrared (IR) lightcurves; the peak in IR flux
can lead or lag secondary eclipse depending on the geometry. For those planets
that have large day-night temperature variations and rapid rotation rates, we
find that the lightcurves exhibit "ringing" as the planet's hottest region
rotates in and out of view from Earth. These results can be used to explain
future observations of eccentric transiting exoplanets.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables; Accepted to Ap
CP Violation in \tau ->\nu\pi K_S and D->\pi K_S: The Importance of K_S-K_L Interference
The -factories have measured CP asymmetries in the and
modes. The state is identified by its decay to two pions at
a time that is close to the lifetime. Within the Standard Model and many
of its extensions, the asymmetries in these modes come from CP violation in
mixing. We emphasize that the interference between the
amplitudes of intermediate and is as important as the pure
amplitude. Consequently, the measured asymmetries depend on the times over
which the relevant decay rates are integrated and on features of the
experiment.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
New distinguished classes of spectral spaces: a survey
In the present survey paper, we present several new classes of Hochster's
spectral spaces "occurring in nature", actually in multiplicative ideal theory,
and not linked to or realized in an explicit way by prime spectra of rings. The
general setting is the space of the semistar operations (of finite type),
endowed with a Zariski-like topology, which turns out to be a natural
topological extension of the space of the overrings of an integral domain,
endowed with a topology introduced by Zariski. One of the key tool is a recent
characterization of spectral spaces, based on the ultrafilter topology, given
in a paper by C. Finocchiaro in Comm. Algebra 2014. Several applications are
also discussed
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