Kadın Yöneticilerin İş Görme Davranışlarının İş Ortamına Etkileri: Antalya’da Çalışan Kadınların Katılımıyla Gerçekleştirilen Bir Araştırma

Kadınlar kariyer gelişimleri bakımından genel olarak iş yaşamında erkeklere göre daha geri planda kalmaktadırlar. Bazı meslek alanları dışında kadınların iş yaşamında yeterli düzeyde temsil edilmediği söylenebilir. Bunun bir sonucu olarak yöneticilik pozisyonları kadınlar açısından ulaşılması daha zor kariyer basamaklarıdır. Kadınlara fizyolojik özellikleri nedeniyle yüklenen sorumluluklar ya da sosyal olarak belirlenen toplumsal roller onların kariyer ilerleme sürecinde karşılaştığı en önemli zorluklar arasındadır. Dolayısıyla fizyolojik ya da sosyal olarak belirlenmiş olan roller kadın yöneticilere yönelik algıyı etkilemektedir. Bu algı kadın yöneticilerin yarattığı iş atmosferi ve yöneticilik başarısı açısından önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışma kadın yönetici özelliklerinin iş atmosferi üzerindeki etkisini ele almaktadır. Nicel bir yöntemle gerçekleştirilen araştırmaya çalışan kadınlar katılmıştır. Araştırmaya Antalya’da kamu ve özel sektörde çalışan 221 kadın katılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Araştırma verileri ise anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada kadın yöneticilerin “ilişki yönetme davranışları” ve “iş etiği” özelliklerinin olumlu iş atmosferi üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu; “görev yürütme davranışlarının” ise olumsuz iş atmosferi üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır

Production of gpsum based foams and pore structure control

Binalardaki ses ve ısı yalıtımı konularında alçıdan yapılmış ürünlere olan talep gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bina yangın yönetmeliklerindeki gelişmeler var olan polimer esaslı ürünlerin kullanımına sınırlamalar getirmektedir. Bu amaçla mineral esaslı yalıtım uygulamalarına olan talep artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, βHemihidrat tipi alçı kullanılmıştır. Gözenek oluşumu için Al2 (SO4 )3 -CaCO3 reaksiyonu tekniği kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan köpük düzenleyici (Kalsiyum stearat) ilave oranının ürünün nihai mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Artan köpük düzenleyici miktarı ile gözenek boyutlarının küçüldüğü ancak hacim ağırlığının yükseldiği gözlenmiştir. Küçülen gözenek boyutu nedeniyle ısıl iletkenlik değerlerinde azalma ölçülmüştür. Al2 (SO4 )3 -CaCO3 reaksiyonu tekniği ve kalsiyum stearat ilavesi yüksek kararlılıkta alçı köpükleri üretilmiştir.The demand for products made of plaster on sound and thermal insulation in buildings is increasing day by day. Developments in building fire regulations impose restrictions on the use of existing polymerbased products. Therefore, the demand for the mineral based insulation applications is increasing. In this study, β-hemihydratetype plaster was used. Al2 (SO4 )3 -CaCO3 reaction technique was used for pore formation. The effects of the foam stabilizer (calcium stearat) amount on the final mechanical and physical properties of the product were examined. It was observed that the pore sizes decreased with the increasing amount of foam stabilizer but the bulk density increased. Highly stable gypsum foams were produced by using Al2 (SO4 )3 -CaCO3 reaction technique with the addition of calcium stearate as a foam stabilizer

Procalcitonin and other acute phase reactants in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between procalcitonin and other acute phase reactants, and also analyze their relationship with clinical situation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) acute exacerbations.Materials and methods: The study was made with 122 acute COPD exacerbated patients, who were admitted to emergency service. Patients with below 0.25 ng/ml PCT value included Group 1, and the patients with PCT values ≥ 0.25 ng/ml Group 2. Serum procalcitonin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) values and white blood cell (WBC) counts were measured. Also, patients hospitalization time and mortality rates were recorded and compared with PCT.Results: Patients were divided in 3 groups according to their clinical diagnosis; Pneumonia (n=27), Mycoplasma-Chlamydia pneumonia (n=11) and the patients with only COPD exacerbation(n=84). Mean PCT values according to the groups were 9.47 ± 8.1 ng/ml, 0.41 ± 0.2 ng/ml, and 0.21 ± 0.05 ng/ml respectively. The relationship between PCT with CRP and white blood cell has been found between significiant (p=0.001, p=0.005 respectively), whereas the relationship between PCT and ESR was nonsignificant (p=0.55). Procalcitonin and CRP had a positive correlation with the hospitalization time (p=0.034, p=0.022 respectively). The mean ± standard error of PCT for the patients who died was 28.3 ± 27.5 ng/ml, and the difference between patients who died or were discharged was statistically significant (p= 0.012).Conclusion: PCT can be a useful indicator for morbidity and prognosis in COPD patients

Retrospective Analysis of Surgically Managed Maxillofacial Fractures in Kayseri Training and Research Hospital

Objective: To retrospectively evaluate the clinical and surgical data of patients with maxillofacial fracture (MFF) who were surgically treated at the Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery in the Kayseri Training and Research Hospital and to compare and discuss the results with relevant literature, including that from Turkey.Methods: Data concerning the age, gender, etiology, type and site of injury, treatment modality, and postoperative complications were collected and analyzed from medical records of patients who underwent maxillofacial surgery for MFF at the Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery in the Kayseri Training and Research Hospital between January 2013 and March 2015.Results: A total of 35 patients were surgically treated because of MFF between January 2013 and March 2015. Of the 35 patients, 28 (80%) were male, whereas seven (20%) were female. Traffic accidents (40%) were the most frequent cause of MFFs. Mandibular fractures (49.1%) were the most common fractures, followed by zygomatic fractures (31.6%). Surgical management of MFFs was performed via closed reduction (17.5%) and/ or open reduction with internal fixation by miniplates (82.5%). A total of five complications were observed in the present study: malunion (n=2), removal of fixation plate because of infection (n=2), and permanent infraorbital nerve injury (n=1).Conclusion: Based on the experience from the close proximity of the area, we think that surgeries for MFFs should be in the surgical repertoire of ENT surgeons

The Trend of Tuberculosis in Tekirdağ

AimThe incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) is estimated by the World Health Organization as 128/100.000 worldwide. The main principles of TB control are early case detection and diagnosis, followed by directly observed treatment of patients. The aim of this study was to analyse the dynamics of TB between 2007 and 2011 in Tekirdağ.Material and MethodsData were obtained from TB dispensaries and separated into oneyear categories. Case notification rates were analysed by different age groups (0–14, 15–24, 25–44, 45–64, 65 and above). The patients were divided into two groups according to involved organs: pulmonary (smear/culture positive=PSP and smear/culture negative/unknown=PSN/U) and extrapulmonary. Antibiotic susceptibility tests to major antituberculosis drugs were performed on M. tuberculosis strains that were grown in culture and suspected of being resistant. Resistance to both INH and rifampicin were accepted as multiple drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB).ResultsA total of 162.291 patients were examined, and out of this population, 1311 (0.8%) tuberculosis patients were evaluated. The distribution of case notification rates by year were 44.6%, 34.6%, 33.4%, 28.6%, and 27.6%from 2007 to 2011, respectively. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB rates were 74.5%(46.0%PSP and 28.5%PSN/U) and 25.5%, respectively. Extrapulmonary TB rates were 42.3% and 17.6% in men and women, respectively. Resistance rates against INH, rifampicin, ethambutol, and streptomycin were 21.6%, 8.8%, 1.6%, and 6.4%, respectively. The MDR-TB rate was 6.4%.ConclusionSystematic implementation of directly observed treatment programs plays an important role in decreasing TB incidence. Because the TB rates in our region are above the average for Turkey, screening and follow-up procedures must be conducted more stringently and regularly

Seasonality of Tuberculosis in Tekirdağ City, 2007-2011

AimIt is well known that the incidence of many respiratory infections shows seasonal variability. Unlike other respiratory infections, in many studies tuberculosis (TB) diagnoses increase in summer and the mechanism underlying this fluctuation remains unknown. We aimed to examine whether TB has an annual seasonal pattern in Tekirdağ.Materials and MethodsData were obtained from TB dispensaries in Tekirdağ retrospectively. There were 1311 cases of TB notified between January 2007 and December 2011. TB notifications show a seasonal pattern, with a peak in spring and summer, which is present in both pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis.ResultsTB notification was found highest in summer with the value of 28,4 %.ConclusionTB incidence in Tekirdağ showed seasonality like previous studies held in different countries. There is a need for large longitudinal studies to clarify the underlying mechanisms that may provide a better disease control

Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Objective:Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most important problems affecting both social and professional life of patients. There is no treatment method considered to be successful on the hearing loss that has become a permanent nature. Aim of this study is to evaluate protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against NIHL in an animal model.Methods:Twenty-eight rats were separated into four groups [control saline (group I), control KRG (group II), saline + noise (group III), KRG + noise (group IV)]. Rats in the saline and KRG groups were fed via oral gavage with a dose of 200 mg/kg/day throughout for 10 days. Fourteen rats (group III and IV) were exposed to 4 kHz octave band noise at 120 dB SPL for 5 hours. Hearing levels of rats were evaluated by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 32 kHz frequencies prior to and on days 1, 7 and 10 after the noise exposure. Rats were sacrificed on 10th day, after the last audiological test. Cochlea and spiral ganglion tissues were evaluated by light microscopy.Results:Audiological and histological results demonstrated that after noise the group IV showed better results than group III. In the noise exposed groups, the most prominent damage was seen at the 8 kHz frequency region than other regions. After the noise exposure, DPOAE responses were lost in 1st, 7th and 10th measurements in both group III and IV. Thus, we were not able to perform any statistical analyses for DPOAE results.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that KRG seems to be an efficient agent against NIHL. There is need for additional research to find out about the mechanisms of KRG’s protective effect

Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for- ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi- crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol- ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries