131 research outputs found
Particle-in-cell simulation of an electron shock wave in a rapid rise time plasma immersion ion implantation process
- Publication venue
- 'AIP Publishing'
- Publication date
- 11/12/2015
- Field of study
A one-dimensional Monte Carlo collision–particle-in-cell plasma computer code was used to simulate plasma immersion ion implantation by applying a negative voltage pulse to the substrate while the reactor wall is grounded. The results presented here show the effect of short rise time pulses: for rise times shorter than the electron plasma period (typically 5ns∕kV), an electron shock wave is observed where a rapidly expanding sheath heats the electrons up to high energies. Many of these fast electrons are expelled from the plasma leading to a high plasma potential and thus to a high surface electric field on the earthed electrode which could give rise to non-negligible electron field emission
Surface Treatments of Nearly Equiatomic NiTi Alloy (Nitinol) for Surgical Implants
- Publication venue
- IntechOpen
- Publication date
- 08/01/2011
- Field of study
Obstructive sleep apnea in Treacher Collins syndrome
- Author
- Publication venue
- Springer-Verlag
- Publication date
- 01/01/2011
- Field of study
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) among the Norwegian population with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS). A secondary aim was to establish whether TCS phenotype severity is associated with OSAS severity. A prospective case study design was used. Individuals who were 5 years old and above with a known diagnosis of TCS in Norway were invited to participate in a study. The study included genetic testing, medical and dental examinations and polysomnography. All participants demonstrated disturbed respiration during sleep; 18/19 met the diagnostic criteria for OSAS. Subjectively evaluated snoring was not a reliable predictor of OSAS. We found no significant association between TCS phenotype severity and the severity of OSAS. OSAS is common in TCS, but there is no association with the phenotype severity. Individuals diagnosed with TCS must undergo sleep studies to identify the presence of OSAS
Automotive Magneto-Rheological Dampers:Modelling and Parameter Identification using contrast-based Fruit Fly Optimisation
- Author
- A Alajmi
- A Ghaffari
- AE Charalampakis
- C Zhang
- D Case
- Dzmitry Savitski
- F Breugel Van
- F Weber
- G Hu
- H Metered
- HVH Ayala
- J Dixon
- J Goldasz
- J Londoño
- J Zhang
- Jun-qing Li
- K Diwold
- L Guoqiang
- Lianghong Wu
- M Ashtiani
- M Khalid
- M Silveira
- M Silveira
- M-G Yang
- Marko Mitic
- Michael E. Fitzpatrick
- MJL Boada
- N Sims
- Nikos Lagaros
- NM Kwok
- NM Kwok
- P Guo
- R Isermann
- S Kanarachos
- S Talatahari
- S Talatahari
- Stratis Kanarachos
- T Hu
- W-T Pan
- X Zhang
- XC Guan
- Y-Y Han
- Z Strecker
- Z Strecker
- Z Xu
- Ş Çeşmeci
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/12/2018
- Field of study
Helicobacter pylori cag-Pathogenicity Island-Dependent Early Immunological Response Triggers Later Precancerous Gastric Changes in Mongolian Gerbils
- Author
- A Elfvin
- A Meining
- B Neu
- C Prinz
- CA Garhart
- DA Israel
- DJ Philpott
- EJ Kuipers
- EM El-Omar
- Eva Loell
- G Rieder
- Gabriele Rieder
- GJ Dockray
- H Kavermann
- H Mimuro
- HM El-Zimaity
- IL Beales
- J Viala
- JG Fox
- JG Fox
- JG Fox
- JG Fox
- K Ogura
- KB Bamford
- LE Smythies
- M Mohammadi
- M Sozzi
- M Takashima
- Manfred Stolte
- Mechthild Stoeckelhuber
- MF Dixon
- N Ohnishi
- N Sawai
- N Uemura
- Niyaz Ahmed
- P Correa
- PH Schmidt
- Rainer Haas
- RM Peek Jr
- S Bach
- S Honda
- S Miehlke
- S Odenbreit
- S Suerbaum
- S Takaishi
- S Tsugane
- Susanna Mueller
- T Kwok
- T Watanabe
- TC Wang
- TC Wang
- Tobias Wiedemann
- X Sewald
- Y Zavros
- Y Zavros
- Publication venue
- Public Library of Science
- Publication date
- 09/03/2009
- Field of study
Infection with Helicobacter pylori, carrying a functional cag type IV secretion system (cag-T4SS) to inject the Cytotoxin associated antigen (CagA) into gastric cells, is associated with an increased risk for severe gastric diseases in humans. Here we studied the pathomechanism of H. pylori and the role of the cag-pathogenicity island (cag-PAI) for the induction of gastric ulcer and precancerous conditions over time (2–64 weeks) using the Mongolian gerbil model. Animals were challenged with H. pylori B128 (WT), or an isogenic B128ΔcagY mutant-strain that produces CagA, but is unable to translocate it into gastric cells. H. pylori colonization density was quantified in antrum and corpus mucosa separately. Paraffin sections were graded for inflammation and histological changes verified by immunohistochemistry. Physiological and inflammatory markers were quantitated by RIA and RT-PCR, respectively. An early cag-T4SS-dependent inflammation of the corpus mucosa (4–8 weeks) occurred only in WT-infected animals, resulting in a severe active and chronic gastritis with a significant increase of proinflammatory cytokines, mucous gland metaplasia, and atrophy of the parietal cells. At late time points only WT-infected animals developed hypochlorhydria and hypergastrinemia in parallel to gastric ulcers, gastritis cystica profunda, and focal dysplasia. The early cag-PAI-dependent immunological response triggers later physiological and histopathological alterations towards gastric malignancies
The International HapMap Project
- Author
- Abecasis GR
- Adebamowo CA
- Altshuler D
- Aniagwu T
- Bellemare G
- Belmont JW
- Bentley DR
- Birren BW
- Boehnke M
- Brooks LD
- Cardon LR
- Ch'ang LY
- Chagnon F
- Chakravarti A
- Chee MS
- Chen PE
- Cho MK
- Clayton EW
- Collins FS
- Cunningham F
- Cutler DJ
- Daly MJ
- Deloukas P
- Dixon M
- Donnelly P
- Douglas JA
- Duan S
- Dunn MG
- Dunston GM
- Duster T
- Feolo M
- Ferretti V
- Foster MW
- Fujita T
- Fukushima Y
- Fulton LL
- Gabriel SB
- Galver LM
- Gibbs RA
- Godbout M
- Guyer MS
- Han H
- Hardenbol P
- Holden AL
- Huang W
- Hudson RR
- Hudson TJ
- Hunt S
- Jasperse M
- Jordan E
- Jorde LB
- Kanani A
- Kashuk CS
- Kato K
- Kennedy K
- Kent A
- Knoppers BM
- Kruglyak L
- Kruglyak S
- Kwok PY
- L'archevêque P
- Lai EH
- Lander ES
- Leboeuf M
- Leppert MF
- Licinio J
- Lind DL
- Liu B
- Long JC
- Macer DR
- Marchini J
- Marshall PA
- Matsuda I
- Matthew O
- Mcewen JE
- Mcvean GAT
- Miller RD
- Montpetit A
- Morris A
- Mullikin JC
- Murray SS
- Myers SR
- Nakamura Y
- Nickerson DA
- Niikawa N
- Nkwodimmah C
- Nussbaum RL
- Oliphant AR
- Ossorio P
- Peterson JL
- Phillips MS
- Powell D
- Qiu R
- Rice J
- Rogers J
- Rotimi C
- Rotimi CN
- Royal CDM
- Saccone NL
- Schaffner SF
- Seabrook R
- Sekine A
- Shen Y
- Sherry ST
- Shillito M
- Skene B
- Sodergren E
- Sorimachi K
- Spallone P
- Spiegel J
- Stein LD
- Stewart JG
- Suda E
- Sung LM
- TaillonMiller P
- Tam PKH
- Tanaka S
- Tanaka T
- Tanaka Y
- Terry SF
- Thorisson GA
- Todani K
- Tsui LC
- Tsunoda T
- Valle DL
- Verner A
- Wallenburg JC
- Wang H
- Wang VO
- Watkin J
- Waye MMY
- Weinstock GM
- Weir BS
- Willis TD
- Wilson RK
- Wong JTF
- Xiao M
- Yang H
- Yoshino E
- Yu F
- Zacharia LF
- Zeng C
- Zhang H
- Zhang Q
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2003
- Field of study
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62838/1/nature02168.pd
Medication and nutritional supplement use before and after bariatric surgery
- Author
- Airton Tetelbom
- Aron-Wisnewsky J
- Aron-Wisnewsky J
- Baretić M.
- Barja-Fernandez S
- Benaiges D
- Bhutta HY
- Blüher M.
- Buchwald H
- Buchwald H
- Capella JF
- Charline Fernanda Backes
- Crémieux P
- D'Hondt MA
- Dhabuwala A
- Dixon JB
- Edyane Lopes
- Fandiño J
- Fontana MA
- Frank P
- Garrido-Sanchez L
- Gehrer S
- Gelber RP
- Geraldo M de S
- González P JF
- Gould JC
- Guh DP
- Hinojosa MW
- Hodo DM
- Isabela Heineck
- Jordan WH
- Kashyap SR
- Kissler HJ
- Kodama K
- Kohli R
- Kwok CS
- Laferrère B
- Lopes EC
- Lopes EC.
- Maciejewski ML
- Malone M
- Masuo K
- Matini D
- McTigue KM
- Miller AD
- Narbro K
- Neff KJ
- Nguyen NT
- Oria HE
- Pajecki D
- Peterhänsel C
- Piché ME
- Pope GD
- Pories WJ
- Pories WJ
- Potteiger CE
- Pournaras DJ
- Rasmussen JJ
- Ravelli MN
- Reinehr T
- Reisin E
- Rhee NA
- Ricci NA
- Sanyal AJ
- Sapala JA
- Schauer PR
- Schlienger JL
- Segal JB
- Sidani S
- Simonen M
- Sjöström L
- Sjöström L
- Sjöström L.
- Snow LL
- Stein J
- Tuck ML
- van Hout G
- Vest AR
- Xu XJ
- Yu J
- Publication venue
- 'FapUNIFESP (SciELO)'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Global patient outcomes after elective surgery: prospective cohort study in 27 low-, middle- and high-income countries.
- Author
- Ab Majid MA
- Ab Rahman AS
- Ab Rahman R
- Abayasinghe C
- Abbott T
- Abdullah NH
- Abdur-Rahman L
- Abeloos J
- Abernethy C
- Abidin UN
- Abrunhosa A
- Absar M
- Adam S
- Adams D
- Adams G
- Adamson M
- Adekola O
- Adelaja Y
- Ademola A
- Adenekan A
- Adenike O
- Adeolu AA
- Adetoye A
- Adewale B
- Adigun T
- Adolfsson A
- Aflori L
- Africander C
- Afshari A
- Agarwal V
- Agodirin O
- Aguero Vera M
- Aguzzoli C
- Ahmad A
- Ahmad N
- Ahmad T
- Ahmad T
- Ahmad Y
- Ahmed A
- Ahmed J
- Ai Y
- Aignatoaie M
- Aimoniotou-Georgiou E
- Akanmu O
- Akerman N
- Akinwale M
- Akring I
- Al 'Amri K
- Al Anizi M
- Al hussaini S
- Al-Soudaine Y
- Aladin H
- Alagbe-Briggs O
- Alaman Laguarda G
- Albaj S
- Alcock D
- Alcock L
- Aldecoa C
- Aldecoa C
- Aleixo FB
- Alexander H
- Alexander M
- Alexander-Sefre F
- Alherz F
- Ali H
- Ali M
- Ali S
- Alias A
- Alias AH
- Alias RLR
- Alit MA
- Allen S
- Allen SJ
- Allison J
- Alloj C
- Allorto NL
- Allsop J
- Almeida W
- Alonso E
- Alphonsus C
- Alvares D
- Alves MJ
- Amador JCB
- Ameer Y
- Amendola CP
- Ami N
- Amstrup-Hansen L
- Anagnou A
- Andersen C
- Anderson C
- Anderson C
- Anderson F
- Anderson P
- Andreadaki E
- Andreou A
- Andreou P
- Andrew A
- Andrews E
- Angermair S
- Angus K
- Anillo V
- Antal O
- Antill P
- Antoniadou E
- Antonina W
- Apagaki E
- Apostolou K
- Applewhaite C
- Aquino LPG
- Ar P
- Arawwawala D
- Ardern D
- Argue R
- Arkalaki E
- Armaganidis A
- Armstrong J
- Armstrong R
- Arnaoutoglou C
- Arnaoutoglou E
- Arnold G
- Arrandale L
- Arrich J
- Arrigo M
- Arshad H
- Arshad MA
- Arumugam S
- Arustei M
- Arvaniti K
- Arya A
- Arya S
- Asimakos A
- Asudo F
- Athanasakis E
- Atiku M
- Attrill E
- Attwood C
- Auer P
- Avidan M
- Avila Sanchez FJ
- Avila EJD
- Avis J
- Awad H
- Axioti E
- Ayyaz H
- Azam UAA
- Azambuja P
- Azevedo C
- Aziz FZ
- Baas P
- Baghirzada L
- Bai H-P
- Bai Y
- Baillie S
- Baines D
- Baio TH
- Bairaktari A
- Baker G
- Baker K-A
- Baker P
- Balain B
- Balaji P
- Balajonda N
- Balanescu A
- Balasubramaniam M
- Baldisserotto S
- Baldwin J
- Baldwin M
- Balfoussia D
- Bali C
- Bandeira ME
- Banerjee R
- Bankewitz C
- Banner-Goodspeed V
- Bao Q
- Barcraft-Barnes H
- Barneto L
- Barnett A
- Baroselli A
- Barraclough J
- Barras J-P
- Barrett S
- Barrett WJ
- Basanth S
- Batchelor N
- Bateman B
- Bates A
- Bates S
- Batista HD
- Bauchmuller K
- Bauer M
- Baumgarten G
- Baxter L
- Beaton C
- Beattie S
- Beavis V
- Bechan S
- Bejia T
- Belciu I
- Belda MT
- Bell G
- Bell R
- Bell S
- Bellandi M
- Bello J
- Beloeil H
- Belskiy V
- Ben-Menachem E
- Benavent P
- Benevento A
- Bengeri S
- Bennett C
- Bennett M
- Bennett R
- Bennett V
- Bentley C
- Beretta L
- Berg A
- Bergin C
- Bernard A
- Berntsen E
- Bertram W
- Bester D
- Bester M
- Bettega F
- Bettinelli A
- Bhardwaj N
- Bhatia K
- Bhula C
- Bi Y
- Biais M
- Biccard BM
- Bidd H
- Bidgoli J
- Biffen A
- Bignami E
- Bilolikar A
- Bin Mustapha MT
- Birch J
- Bishop DG
- Biyase T
- Bizios C
- Blackwell C
- Blackwood D
- Blaj M
- Blakemore SP
- Bland M
- Blunt M
- Blyth K
- Bocchino S
- Bodansky D
- Bodger P
- Boer C
- Boereboom C
- Boggiano V
- Bogner G
- Bolaji B
- Bolton D
- Boone M
- Boschi L
- Boshier P
- Botes M
- Botis I
- Bottini C
- Bottrill F
- Bouchez S
- Boulton K
- Bouris V
- Bourner L
- Boutsikos G
- Bouwman A
- Bouwman RA
- Bowrey S
- Boxall L
- Boyd C
- Bradburn M
- Bradley J
- Branagan G
- Branco T
- Brand B
- Brandsborg B
- Breitenstein S
- Brennan A
- Brennan E
- Brenner L
- Brincat M
- Briscoe R
- Bristogiannis S
- Brooke J
- Brookes J
- Brookes M
- Brooks C
- Broomby R
- Brotto AF
- Brown A
- Brown CW
- Brown G
- Brown J
- Brown J
- Brown L
- Brown R
- Brown R
- Browning J
- Bruma D
- Brunete T
- Brunswicker A
- Bryant H
- Bua E
- Buccimazza I
- Buckley S
- Buerkle C
- Buhre W
- Buhre W
- Buhrer T
- Builu PM
- Buise M
- Bullock C
- Bunwarie B
- Burns K
- Burrows L
- Burrows T
- Burston B
- Burtenshaw A
- Burton M
- Busuioc M
- Butryn I
- Butt G
- Byrne K
- Cabezuelo E
- Cabral R
- Cabral TDN
- Cabrini L
- Cacala S
- Cai F
- Cai Y
- Cain H
- Cairns C
- Cakova V
- Calderwood C
- Callaghan M
- Campbell D
- Campbell D
- Campbell D
- Campbell G
- Campbell G
- Campbell K
- Campbell M
- Campbell T
- Campey L
- Camsooksai J
- Cancho D
- Candido K
- Cang J
- Cannavo M
- Cao J
- Cao Y
- Cao Z
- Cardellino S
- Cardosa J
- Cardoso G
- Cardy J
- Carmino L
- Carp CP
- Carr A
- Carrera R
- Carroll C
- Carroll J
- Caser E
- Castano Moreira B
- Castano B
- Castle G
- Cavanagh S
- Cawthorn L
- Cernea DD
- Chaddock M
- Chaloulis P
- Chan A
- Chan HMH
- Chan M
- Chan P
- Chan V
- Chan WK
- Chan WKJ
- Chan YL
- Chande S
- Chandler B
- Chandra S
- Chandrasekharan S
- Chang YH
- Chaniotaki F
- Charitos E
- Charlalampidoy A
- Charles R
- Chatterjee D
- Chatterjee J
- Chatzimichali CA
- Chau S
- Chazova E
- Cheah C
- Cheah S
- Cheeseman M
- Cheing Y
- Chen C
- Chen C
- Chen F
- Chen F
- Chen H
- Chen J
- Chen J
- Chen L
- Chen L
- Chen L-L
- Chen P
- Chen Q
- Chen R
- Chen S
- Chen S
- Chen S
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen Z
- Cheng B
- Cheng KH
- Cheng Z
- Cheong E
- Cherian R
- Cherrett V
- Chetty RR
- Chew M
- Chhabra A
- Chicken D-W
- Chilinciuc I
- Chin II
- Chirkut S
- Chisbert Cuenca V
- Chlorou D
- Choi H-MD
- Choi S
- Chow L
- Christian R
- Christiansen IC
- Christmas N
- Christodoulidis G
- Christodoulopoulou T
- Christofaki M
- Christoforidis D
- Chronis C
- Chu HM
- Chu S
- Chua P
- Chukkambotla S
- Chung CKE
- Cifra E
- Ciobanu C
- Ciobotaru OR
- Cirstea E
- Clark R
- Clarkson A
- Clarkson R
- Claxton A
- Clemmons K
- Cloro LM
- Clyde A
- Cobzaru I
- Codita A
- Colangelo A
- Colangelo C
- Colling K
- Collins H
- Collins M
- Collins N
- Colvin C
- Commey T
- Comptaer N
- Conde C
- Conradie A
- Constantin K
- Cook T
- Cooper L
- Cooper L
- Cooper M
- Cooper R
- Cooper S
- Copaciu E
- Cope J
- Copetti E
- Copley E
- Copotoiu SM
- Coppens M
- Corneci D
- Cornell J
- Cornish J
- Correia da Silva RFM
- Corti D
- Costanzo E
- Costelloe H
- Cotter R
- Cotterell S
- Cotterill D
- Coughlan E
- Coulter I
- Coulter S
- Coutinho F
- Cowton A
- Cox H
- Cozar OI
- Craig J
- Craven R
- Craw N
- Craw S
- Creary T
- Cripps H
- Critchley R
- Cronje L
- Cruickshank R
- Cruikshanks A
- Cruz S
- Cueva A
- Cunha P
- Curley G
- Currow H
- Czepanski C
- Czeslick E
- D'Andrea R
- da Costa Fischer BF
- Dafnios N
- Dai H
- Dai Q
- Dai Q
- Dai SY
- Daikou P
- Dalamagka M
- Dalampini E
- Dali-Kemmery L
- Dalton E
- Damant R
- Daniel C
- Daniel GD
- Daniel H
- Daniel H
- Daniel S
- Dankl D
- Darko J
- Darwish S
- Das S
- Dasrath A
- Datson A
- Daubeny T
- Daugaard M
- Davari M
- Dave T
- Davies C
- Davies H
- Davies K
- Davies K
- Davies L
- Davies Z
- Davis E
- Davis F
- Davis S
- Daya B
- De Andres Ibanez JA
- de Araujo DM
- De Baerdemaeker L
- de Beer J
- de Boer HD
- De Bruyne A
- de Campos Ferreira MF
- de Fretes J
- de Gasperi J
- De Hert S
- De Jongh K
- De Kegel D
- De Meyer JN
- De Oliveira MC
- de Rudnicki S
- de Swardt M
- de Vasconcellos K
- de Villiers M
- de Wet J
- Deacon M
- Deblaere I
- Dedemadi G
- Deen T
- Deepak S
- Deighton K
- Deja M
- Delgado Garcia DR
- Delgado Navarro C
- Della Rocca G
- Dempsey G
- Dempster A
- den Hoedt M
- Denham S
- Dent K
- Dermitzaki D
- Desbordes J
- Despotidis V
- Diaconescu C
- Dias F
- Dias S
- Dickson J
- Ditai J
- Divatia J
- Dixon L
- do Nascimento Junior P
- Dobson G
- Docherty P
- Dodiyi-Manuel A
- Dodsworth K
- Dolan R
- Dong B
- Donohue R
- Donovan A
- Douglas J
- Doumos R
- Downes C
- Doyle D
- Dragnea D
- Dragoescu NA
- Drake M
- Drimala M
- Drinkwater Z
- Drummond L
- Du F
- Du F
- Du X
- Duarte C
- Dube NZ
- Duca A
- Dudgeon L
- Dudson R
- Duenser M
- Dumitrascu CO
- Dumitrescu A
- Dunay A
- Dunk N
- Durant E
- Durodola A
- Dursin AN
- Durst A
- Duttchen K
- Dutu M
- Dwyer H
- Dylst D
- Dzhamullaev P
- Dzulkipli N
- Echem R
- Edmond H
- Edwards J
- Edwards M
- Edwards M
- Efthymiadi A
- Egan T
- Eggleston C
- Eichwalder A
- Eikman J
- Ekelund K
- el Manser D
- El-Sayed A
- Elabib A
- Elena G
- Elferink-Vonk R
- Elgasim M
- Ellis J
- Ellis K
- Elna C
- Emma T
- Endersby S
- Eneje P
- Eng K
- English D
- English R
- Epodoi J
- Eskildsen KZ
- Esteves S
- Ethgen S
- Evans A
- Evans C
- Everingham K
- Ewe R
- Ezekiel E
- Ezike H
- Fagerlund MJ
- Faina L
- Falk E
- Fan H
- Fan L
- Fan Y
- Fanfani LC
- Faponle F
- Faria e Maia D
- Faria F
- Farid N
- Farina Z
- Farrell H
- Farrow M
- Fasina O
- Fatungase OM
- Faulds M
- Fei Y
- Fellinger P
- Feng Y
- Fengas L
- Fergey L
- Ferguson M
- Fernandez S
- Ferrando C
- Filipescu D
- Filippopoulos A
- Finch A
- Fiorentza K
- Fischbach N
- Flatt J
- Fleischer A
- Fleisher L
- Fleisher LA
- Flores Risco S
- Flores AAA
- Flores K
- Flossos A
- Foers W
- Foglia J
- Foley J
- Fonck K
- Foord D
- Foot H
- Foot J
- Ford D
- Forget P
- Forsans E
- Forstner K
- Foster R
- Foubert L
- Fouracres A
- Fowler A
- Fowler C
- Fraga JM
- Fragandreas G
- Francis D
- Franklin J
- Franks R
- Frantzeskos G
- Freeman D
- Freeman V
- Freethy A
- Freitas K
- Freschini A
- Freschini D
- Frewer N
- Fritsch G
- Frost V
- Fu K
- Fu S
- Fu Y
- Fuad A
- Fuentes I
- Fulton G
- Funk B
- Funk D
- Furrer M
- Furtado Paiva AA
- Futier E
- Gaitanakis S
- Gall L
- Gallacher P
- Gallard S
- Gallego L
- Gama NS
- Gambhir R
- Ganter DL
- Ganter MT
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- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2016
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care. METHODS: We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries. RESULTS: A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2-7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care. STUDY REGISTRATION: ISRCTN5181700
Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in stable outpatients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation. International CLARIFY registry
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- A. L. R. Ng
- Abardia Oliva F. J.
- Abdel Malak S.
- Abdel Wahab H.
- Abdul Kareem B. B.
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- Yang X.
- Yang Y.
- Yanina Y.
- Yanni N.
- Yao E.
- Yao X.
- Yao Y.
- Yared K.
- Yeo C. K.
- Yeung M. M. M.
- Yip T.
- Yordanova V.
- Yu A.
- Yu B.
- Yu G.
- Yu M.
- Yu X.
- Yuan C.
- Yusuf A.
- Yusufali A.
- Yvorra S.
- Zaca F.
- Zachos V.
- Zagozen P.
- Zagreanu M.
- Zakirova V.
- Zakopoulos C.
- Zalewska D.
- Zamorano Gomez J. L.
- Zamorano J. L.
- Zaoral L.
- Zarauza Navarro J.
- Zarechnova S.
- Zaronskiene D.
- Zatsarina E.
- Zdrojewska J.
- Zeitouni R.
- Zhabina L.
- Zhang A.
- Zhang C.
- Zhang G.
- Zhang H.
- Zhang J.
- Zhang L.
- Zhang M.
- Zhang S.
- Zhang X.
- Zhang Y.
- Zhao G.
- Zhao H.
- Zhao R.
- Zhao S.
- Zhao Y.
- Zharikova L.
- Zheng S.
- Zheng X.
- Zheng Y.
- Zherebtsova A.
- Zherlitsyna E.
- Zhou G.
- Zhou S.
- Zhou X.
- Zhou Y.
- Zhou Z.
- Zhu B.
- Zhu J.
- Zhu M.
- Zhu S.
- Ziak E.
- Ziccarelli C.
- Ziehn P.
- Zimolag R.
- Zundorf P.
- Publication venue
- 'Public Library of Science (PLoS)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2015
- Field of study
A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs
- Author
- Abecasis GR
- Adebamowo CA
- Adewole IF
- Ajayi I
- Altshuler D
- Altshuler D
- Altshuler D
- An D
- Aniagwu T
- Auton A
- Ballinger DG
- Barrett J
- Barry R
- Bellemare G
- Belmont JW
- Belmont JW
- Bentley DR
- Bird CP
- Birren BW
- Blumenstiel B
- Bottolo L
- Boudreau A
- Brooks LD
- Burton J
- Cai D
- Camargo A
- Cardin N
- Cardon LR
- Carter NP
- Chagnon F
- Chakravarti A
- Chee MS
- Chen PE
- Chen Z
- Chretien YR
- Chu X
- Clarke G
- Clayton EW
- Clee CM
- Collins FS
- Cox DR
- Cutler DJ
- Daly MJ
- Daly MJ
- de Bakker PI
- Defelice M
- Delgado M
- Deloukas P
- Dermitzakis ET
- Dixon M
- Donnelly P
- Evans DM
- Eyheramendy S
- Faggart M
- Fan JB
- Feolo M
- Ferretti V
- Foster MW
- Frazer KA
- Freeman C
- Fu H
- Fukushima Y
- Fulton LL
- Gabriel SB
- Gabriel SB
- Galver LM
- Gao Y
- Gibbs RA
- Gibbs RA
- Godbout M
- Goyette M
- Griffiths M
- Guan W
- Gunderson K
- Gupta S
- Guyer MS
- Gwilliam R
- Han H
- Hardenbol P
- He Y
- Hinds DA
- Holden AL
- Hu H
- Hu W
- Huang W
- Hudson TJ
- Hunt S
- Jamieson R
- Jin L
- Jones MC
- Kang L
- Kashuk CS
- Kato K
- Kawaguchi T
- Kennedy K
- Kent A
- Kitamoto T
- Knoppers BM
- Koboldt DC
- Krishnan L
- Kwok PY
- L'Archevêque P
- Leal SM
- Leboeuf M
- Leppert MF
- Li C
- Li Q
- Li Y
- Lin S
- Lin W
- Liu S
- Liu Y
- Macer DR
- Mak W
- Maller J
- Marchini J
- Marshall PA
- Matsuda I
- McCarroll S
- McEwen JE
- McLay K
- McVean G
- Miller RD
- Montpetit A
- Moore J
- Morizono T
- Morris AP
- Morrison J
- Mullikin JC
- Munro HM
- Murray SS
- Muzny D
- Myers S
- Nagashima A
- Nakamura Y
- Nazareth L
- Nguyen H
- Niikawa N
- Nkwodimmah C
- Ohnishi Y
- Oliphant AR
- Olivier JF
- Onofrio RC
- Onofrio RC
- Pan H
- Parkin M
- Pasternak S
- Patterson N
- Pawlikowska L
- Pe'er I
- Peiffer A
- Peterson JL
- Phillips MS
- Plumb RW
- Powell D
- Price A
- Purcell S
- Qin ZS
- Qiu R
- Richter DJ
- Richter DJ
- Rogers J
- Ross MT
- Rotimi CN
- Roumy S
- Roy J
- Royal CD
- Sabeti P
- Saeki K
- Sallée C
- Saxena R
- Schaffner SF
- Sekine A
- Sham PC
- Shen Y
- Shen Y
- Sherry ST
- Shi M
- Sims SK
- Skol A
- Smith AV
- Sodergren E
- Song YQ
- Spencer C
- Spiegel J
- Stahl E
- Stein LD
- Stephens M
- Stewart J
- Stranger BE
- Stuve LL
- Suda E
- Sun W
- Sung LM
- Taillon-Miller P
- Tam PK
- Tanaka T
- Tang X
- Tello-Ruiz MK
- Thomas DJ
- Thorisson GA
- Tsui LC
- Tsui SK
- Tsunoda T
- Tsunoda T
- Varilly P
- Verner A
- Wallenburg JC
- Wang H
- Wang H
- Wang J
- Wang R
- Wang VO
- Wang W
- Wang Y
- Wang Y
- Wang Z
- Watkin J
- Waye MM
- Weinstock GM
- Weir BS
- Wheeler DA
- Wheeler DA
- Whittaker P
- Willey DL
- Willis TD
- Wilson RK
- Winchester E
- Wong JT
- Xiao M
- Xiong X
- Xu L
- Xue H
- Yakub I
- Yang H
- Yao Z
- Yu F
- Yu J
- Zacharia LF
- Zeng C
- Zeng C
- Zhang B
- Zhang H
- Zhang Q
- Zhao H
- Zhao H
- Zhao H
- Zhou J
- Ziaugra L
- Ziaugra L
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2007
- Field of study
We describe the Phase II HapMap, which characterizes over 3.1 million human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 270 individuals from four geographically diverse populations and includes 25-35% of common SNP variation in the populations surveyed. The map is estimated to capture untyped common variation with an average maximum r(2) of between 0.9 and 0.96 depending on population. We demonstrate that the current generation of commercial genome-wide genotyping products captures common Phase II SNPs with an average maximum r(2) of up to 0.8 in African and up to 0.95 in non-African populations, and that potential gains in power in association studies can be obtained through imputation. These data also reveal novel aspects of the structure of linkage disequilibrium. We show that 10-30% of pairs of individuals within a population share at least one region of extended genetic identity arising from recent ancestry and that up to 1% of all common variants are untaggable, primarily because they lie within recombination hotspots. We show that recombination rates vary systematically around genes and between genes of different function. Finally, we demonstrate increased differentiation at non-synonymous, compared to synonymous, SNPs, resulting from systematic differences in the strength or efficacy of natural selection between populations.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62863/1/nature06258.pd
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