Sartre dans La Nausée : une nouvelle manière de penser et d’exister

La Náusea aparece fuertemente marcada por la personalidad de Jean-Paul Sartre. El filósofo está naturalmente angustiado; en el momento en que escribe La Náusea, esta angustia toma formas casi patológicas que podemos hallar en la novela. Los síntomas de este malestar, los identificamos al descubrir sus preferencias, sus mayores oscilaciones.Fil: Diter, Bernardo

Third-party logistics providers and strategic outsourcing in the context of supply chain disruptions: Peruvian agricultural case study

El presente estudio se enfoca en las disrupciones de la cadena de suministro, factor importante en el contexto actual de aumento de desastres naturales, inestabilidad política y otros factores intencionales y no intencionales. Aplicando un estudio de caso cualitativo realizado en la industria agrícola peruana, esta investigación presenta cinco proposiciones, llegando a los siguientes resultados: (a) las disrupciones en la cadena de suministro son un factor considerado por las empresas cuando deciden externalizar la logística, alineándose con la literatura previa sobre la gestión de riesgos de la cadena de suministro. (b) las disrupciones de la cadena de suministro afectan positiva y negativamente la relación de una empresa y su proveedor logístico, de acuerdo con la teoría basada en recursos y la teoría de costos de transacción. Y (c), las disrupciones de la cadena de suministro no mejoran la relación de una empresa con su proveedor de logística mediante el desarrollo de prácticas estratégicas de subcontratación debido a factores contextuales. Esto contradice los hallazgos anteriores, aunque los factores contextuales identificados caen dentro de la clasificación de las diferencias geográficas, que han demostrado ser un factor influyente para la gestión de la cadena de suministro en estudios comparativos en diferentes regiones geográficas.Logistics outsourcing is a widely adopted practice by companies to reduce costs, focus on core operations and achieve competitive advantage. Logistics providers offer valuable resources to a firm, sometimes conforming a strategic outsourcing relationship where both parties obtain considerable benefits that go beyond basic operations. This study focuses on supply chain disruptions, one of the most common factors that disrupts supply chains around the world, especially in the current context of increasing natural disasters due to climate change, political instability due to war or conflicts, and other diverse intentional and unintentional factors that disrupt a supply chain. With the aid of a qualitative case study performed on the agricultural industry of Perú, this research set the objective of getting a better understanding on the landscape of the relationship between a company and its thirdparty logistics provider, and how this relationship develops in a situation of supply chain disruptions. By presenting five propositions based on a detailed literature review, this study reaches the following results: (a) Supply chain disruptions are a factor considered by companies when deciding to outsource logistics, aligning with previous literature on supply chain risk management. (b) Supply chain disruptions affect positively and negatively on the relationship of a company and its logistics provider, in accordance with the resource-based theory and the transaction cost theory. And (c), supply chain disruptions don’t enhance the relationship of a company with its logistics provider by developing strategic outsourcing practices due to contextual factors. This contradicts previous findings, although the contextual factors identified fall under the classification of geographical differences, which have proven to be an influential factor for supply chain management in comparative studies across different geographical regions

Case Study on Lean Manufacturing

Technological companies are struggling to keep competing in the global market. Customers have higher expectations now that an efficient and high-quality product is no longer sufficient. For example, Laerdal has to offer configurable solutions on their manikins to meet individual customer needs. All this at a reasonable lead time and cost. Lean manufacturing has proven to be a successful tool to attain a competitive advantage by streamlining the production process from raw material to the customer. This master thesis presents a case study on Lean Manufacturing developed at Laerdal’s Stavanger manufacturing plant. The objective was to map the value stream of a manufacturing process and identify “7 types of waste”. This mapping found that work order process and production planning were areas of opportunity for continuous improvement, which followed two hypotheses. One of them said that the work order process method could be more efficient and help eliminate waste of time. The other says that production planning is cumbersome and can be improved by limiting trigger points and streamlining the current production process. The results supported hypothesis one by demonstrating how lean manufacturing can help the work order method to be more efficient by eliminating non-value activities found and reducing the cycle time by 50 % on average of the work order cycle, plus “waiting time,” which 53% took days, 20% took hours and 27% took minutes. Also, a non-value add activity was eliminated, which took 6 minutes per cycle. The results support hypothesis two by demonstrating how the production planning could increase the efficiency and eliminate waste of time in production planning by introducing a pull system (Kanban) for most of the roto-molding parts, streamlining the process, and limiting trigger points by one. The method used was action-based research, where you will find experimentation and data collection in multiple cycles. Data in the form of photos, surveys, interviews, achievement data, and documents provided by Laerdal; Then, connected with a literature study on Lean manufacturing theory and Lean manufacturing in a project setting area

An Ethylene-Protected Achilles' Heel of Etiolated Seedlings for Arthropod Deterrence

A small family of Kunitz protease inhibitors exists in Arabidopsis thaliana, a member of which (encoded by At1g72290) accomplishes highly specific roles during plant development. Arabidopsis Kunitz-protease inhibitor 1 (Kunitz-PI;1), as we dubbed this protein here, is operative as cysteine PI. Activity measurements revealed that despite the presence of the conserved Kunitz-motif the bacterially expressed Kunitz-PI;1 was unable to inhibit serine proteases such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, but very efficiently inhibited the cysteine protease RESPONSIVE TO DESICCATION 21. Western blotting and cytolocalization studies using mono-specific antibodies recalled Kunitz-PI;1 protein expression in flowers, young siliques and etiolated seedlings. In dark-grown seedlings, maximum Kunitz-PI;1 promoter activity was detected in the apical hook region and apical parts of the hypocotyls. Immunolocalization confirmed Kunitz-PI;1 expression in these organs and tissues. No transmitting tract (NTT) and HECATE 1 (HEC1), two transcription factors previously implicated in the formation of the female reproductive tract in flowers of Arabidopsis, were identified to regulate Kunitz-PI;1 expression in the dark and during greening, with NTT acting negatively and HEC1 acting positively. Laboratory feeding experiments with isopod crustaceans such as Porcellio scaber (woodlouse) and Armadillidium vulgare (pillbug) pinpointed the apical hook as ethylene-protected Achilles? heel of etiolated seedlings. Because exogenous application of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and mechanical stress (wounding) strongly up-regulated HEC1-dependent Kunitz-PI;1 gene expression, our results identify a new circuit controlling herbivore deterrence of etiolated plants in which Kunitz-PI;1 is involved

Investigation of seaport air dustiness and dust spread

In the present study investigation of dustiness, performed at Public Limited Liability Company KLASCO, the Company of State Seaport of Klaipeda is described. During investigation the sources of dust formation and the main reasons, impacting the concentration of dust were analysed. Tests were performed at 12 points, located in two zones in the territory of the enterprise. Tests were also performed at the Terminal of Powdery Manure Discharge. Concentrations of dust of manure of potassium chloride during loading were measured. In order to evaluate impact of the enterprise, the data of measurements made at the same time in the northern part of Klaipeda city were used. The obtained data were demonstrated by Surfer 6 software. According to the isolines, analysis of dust spread was performed. Oro dulkėtumo ir dulkių sklaidos tyrimas jūrų uostamiestyje Santrauka Aprašomi dulketumo tyrimai, atlikti Klaipedos valstybinio jūru uosto kompanijoje AB KLASCO. Analizuojami dulkiu susidarymo šaltiniai ir pagrindines priežastys, turejusios itakos dulkiu koncentracijai. Tyrimai atlikti 12 tašku, išdestytu dviejose zonose imones teritorijoje. Atlikti tyrimai Biriuju trašu krovos terminale. Jame nustatytas kalio chlorido trašu dulkiu koncentracijos krovimo metu. Teršimo poveikiui ivertinti buvo naudoti tuo pat metu atlikti Klaipedos šiaurines miesto dalies duomenys. Gauti duomenys pavaizduoti Surfer 6 programa. Pagal sumodeliuotas izolinijas atlikta dulkiu sklaidos analize. Reikšminiai žodžiai: optinis metodas, svorinis metodas, Biriųjų trašų krovos terminalas, oro dulkėtumas, modeliavimas. Исследование запыленности воздуха и распространение пыли в морском порту Резюме Исследована запыленность воздуха в морском порту города Клайпеды (компании AO ,,KLASCO”). Проанализированы источники пыли, а также основные причины, обуславливающие концентрацию пыли. Исследования проведены в 12 местах морского порта, а также в терминале по разгрузке сыпучих удобрений. В нем проведены исследования концентраций хлорида калия. Выявлено влияние загрязненности пылью, использованы данные исследований северной части города Клайпеды. Полученные данные обработаны с помощью программы SURFER 6 и представлены в виде изолиний. Сделан анализ распространения пыли. Ключевые слова: оптический метод, гравиметрический метод, терминал по разгрузке сыпучих удобрений, запыленность воздуха, распространение пыли, моделирование. First Published Online: 14 Oct 201

Implication of the oep16-1 mutation in a flu-independent, singlet oxygen-regulated cell death pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Singlet oxygen is a prominent form of reactive oxygen species in higher plants. It is easily formed from molecular oxygen by triplet–triplet interchange with excited porphyrin species. Evidence has been obtained from studies on the flu mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana of a genetically determined cell death pathway that involves differential changes at the transcriptome level. Here we report on a different cell death pathway that can be deduced from the analysis of oep16 mutants of A. thaliana. Pure lines of four independent OEP16-deficient mutants with different cell death properties were isolated. Two of the mutants overproduced free protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) in the dark because of defects in import of NADPH:Pchlide oxidoreductase A (pPORA) and died after illumination. The other two mutants avoided excess Pchlide accumulation. Using pulse labeling and polysome profiling studies we show that translation is a major site of cell death regulation in flu and oep16 plants. flu plants respond to photooxidative stress triggered by singlet oxygen by reprogramming their translation toward synthesis of key enzymes involved in jasmonic acid synthesis and stress proteins. In contrast, those oep16 mutants that were prone to photooxidative damage were unable to respond in this way. Together, our results show that translation is differentially affected in the flu and oep16 mutants in response to singlet oxygen

Programmed chloroplast destruction during leaf senescence involves 13-lipoxygenase (13-LOX)

Mammals including humans use highly specific pathways for tissue differentiation. One such pathway is operative in reticulocytes and involves the programmed destruction of the cell?s organellar complement by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), which oxygenates polyunsaturated membrane fatty acids and provokes organelle leakage. As we report here, plants make use of a similar LOX pathway to degrade their chloroplasts during leaf senescence. The enzyme involved is a 13-LOX with unique positional specificity and molecular terms. Because 15-LOX and 13-LOX pathway products likewise operate in biological defense, a mechanism of cross-kingdom conservation of pathway regulation and function was uncovered for multicellular eukaryotes

Ethylene supports colonization of plant roots by the mutualistic fungus Piriformospora indica

The mutualistic basidiomycete Piriformospora indica colonizes roots of mono- and dicotyledonous plants, and thereby improves plant health and yield. Given the capability of P. indica to colonize a broad range of hosts, it must be anticipated that the fungus has evolved efficient strategies to overcome plant immunity and to establish a proper environment for nutrient acquisition and reproduction. Global gene expression studies in barley identified various ethylene synthesis and signaling components that were differentially regulated in P. indica-colonized roots. Based on these findings we examined the impact of ethylene in the symbiotic association. The data presented here suggest that P. indica induces ethylene synthesis in barley and Arabidopsis roots during colonization. Moreover, impaired ethylene signaling resulted in reduced root colonization, Arabidopsis mutants exhibiting constitutive ethylene signaling, -synthesis or ethylene-related defense were hyper-susceptible to P. indica. Our data suggest that ethylene signaling is required for symbiotic root colonization by P. indica