Representação social da eutanásia em estudantes de saúde

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Profile of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in transmission areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017.

BACKGROUND: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a widespread anthropozoonosis caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is considered a serious public health problem. The aim of this study was to provide a descriptive analysis of confirmed ATL cases and evaluate the spatial distribution of ATL in high-risk transmission areas from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: An ecological, analytical, and retrospective study of the confirmed cases of ATL in Minas Gerais from 2007 to 2017 was conducted. To characterize these cases, multiple correspondence analysis and georeferencing of the ATL prevalence rates in the municipalities were conducted based on variables obtained at Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação and Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística databases. RESULTS: There were 13,025 confirmed cases of ATL from 74.4% (635) municipalities of Minas Gerais, corresponding to a prevalence rate of 66.5 cases for every 100,000 inhabitants. Males aged 20 to 59 years and individuals who attended elementary school were most affected with ATL. Multiple correspondence analysis presented an accumulated qui-squared value of 44.74%, proving that there was a relationship between the variables, including ethnicity, age, pregnancy status, zone of infection, and number of cases. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that ATL is endemic to Minas Gerais, and there is high risk of infection within the municipalities due to a high rate of parasite transmission. The occurrence of infection in children, pregnant women, and the indigenous population demonstrates the need for the government to expand social policies aimed at vulnerable groups

Portuguese translation and Brazilian cultural adaptation of the Assessment of Burden in Chronic Venous Disease questionnaire (ABC-V)

 Introduction: The Assessment of Burden in Chronic Venous Disease questionnaire (ABC-V) is a valuable tool for assessing the impact that chronic venous disease (CVD) has on patients’ quality of life (QL). There was a need for a translated and adapted version suitable for use in the Brazilian population. CVD is becoming a public health issue as the incidence and prevalence are high. The ABC-V can be used to collect information on patients’ QL and thus the development of a Brazilian version that facilitates research into the CVD population.  Objective: To provide translation and cultural validation of the Assessment of Burden in Chronic-Venous Disease (ABC-V) questionnaire for the Portuguese language.  Methods: The ABC-V was translated into Portuguese by two bilingual translators working independently. The translators then created a consensus version, which was translated back into English by two native English speakers. Finally all the versions were analysed by a committee of with expertise in translation and the two cultures involved. The committee produced a draft Portuguese-language version which was tested in a pilot sample of between 30 and 40 people. The committee evaluated feedback from the pilot sample on the clarity and comprehensibility of the draft version.  Results: The draft version was completed by 31 patients at the Chronic Venous Diseases Department of Padre Anchieta’s Teaching Hospital. With the analysis of the questionnaires used in the pre-test, it is possible to observe that in English, unlike Portuguese, verbs are often used in the passive tense. It also emerged that there was a need to use more colloquial terms and expressions so that the question would be easier to understand, whilst preserving the meaning of the original items. Changing the tone of the questionnaire in this way should make it more suitable for use with people from a wide range of socioeconomic levels, especially those with lower social status and less education. Because the questions are qualitative rather than quantitative they are more open to interpretation and elicit more subjective responses. This creates an additional difficulty in adapting the questionnaire for the Brazilian cultural context. The data from pilot-testing of the draft version was used to develop a translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V using the procedure described by Beaton et al.  Conclusion: A translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V suitable for use in Brazil has been developed and can be used to evaluate changes in the QL of Brazilian patients with CVD.  Introduction: The Assessment of Burden in Chronic Venous Disease questionnaire (ABC-V) is a valuable tool for assessing the impact that chronic venous disease (CVD) has on patients’ quality of life (QL). There was a need for a translated and adapted version suitable for use in the Brazilian population. CVD is becoming a public health issue as the incidence and prevalence are high. The ABC-V can be used to collect information on patients’ QL and thus the development of a Brazilian version that facilitates research into the CVD population. Objective: To provide translation and cultural validation of the Assessment of Burden in Chronic-Venous Disease (ABC-V) questionnaire for the Portuguese language. Methods: The ABC-V was translated into Portuguese by two bilingual translators working independently. The translators then created a consensus version, which was translated back into English by two native English speakers. Finally all the versions were analysed by a committee of with expertise in translation and the two cultures involved. The committee produced a draft Portuguese-language version which was tested in a pilot sample of between 30 and 40 people. The committee evaluated feedback from the pilot sample on the clarity and comprehensibility of the draft version.  Results: The draft version was completed by 31 patients at the Chronic Venous Diseases Department of Padre Anchieta’s Teaching Hospital. With the analysis of the questionnaires used in the pre-test, it is possible to observe that in English, unlike Portuguese, verbs are often used in the passive tense. It also emerged that there was a need to use more colloquial terms and expressions so that the question would be easier to understand, whilst preserving the meaning of the original items. Changing the tone of the questionnaire in this way should make it more suitable for use with people from a wide range of socioeconomic levels, especially those with lower social status and less education. Because the questions are qualitative rather than quantitative they are more open to interpretation and elicit more subjective responses. This creates an additional difficulty in adapting the questionnaire for the Brazilian cultural context. The data from pilot-testing of the draft version was used to develop a translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V using the procedure described by Beaton et al.  Conclusion: A translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V suitable for use in Brazil has been developed and can be used to evaluate changes in the QL of Brazilian patients with CVD

Struma Ovarii: revisão da literatura associada a relato de caso

Struma ovarii é uma neoplasia ovariana rara que contém tecido tireoidiano, que representa menos de 5% dos teratomas ovarianos. Esses são principalmente benignos, ocorrendo com maior frequência entre 40 e 60 anos de idade. As características clínicas e radiológicas são inconclusivas e, na maioria das vezes, o diagnóstico é feito por histopatologia, visto que os sintomas desse tumor são inespecíficos. Neste contexto, descrevemos um caso de Struma ovarii em paciente do sexo feminino, 27 anos, que foi diagnosticado e tratado com sucesso. A ressecção cirúrgica do tumor pode levar a um tratamento e prognóstico bem-sucedidos, no entanto, em casos pós-menopausa com o objetivo de eliminar completamente os sintomas, a histerectomia abdominal total com salpingo-ooforectomia bilateral pode ser ocasionalmente indicada

Monocyte subsets and monocyte-related chemokines in Takayasu arteritis

The pathogenesis of Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is poorly understood and no previous studies have analyzed monocytes in TAK. This study evaluated monocyte subsets and monocyte-related chemokines in the peripheral blood of TAK patients and healthy controls (HC). Monocyte subsets were identified as classical (CD14+CD16−), intermediate (CD14+CD16dim), and non-classical (CD14dimCD16high) in the peripheral blood. The chemokines CCL (C–C chemokine ligand)2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CXCL (C-X-C motif ligand)10, and CX3CL (C-X3-C motif ligand)1 were measured in the sera. Thirty-two TAK patients and 30 HC were evaluated. Intermediate monocytes were higher in TAK than HC [25.0 cells ×106/L (16.7–52.0) vs. 17.2 cells ×106/L (9.2–25.3); p = 0.014]. Active disease was associated with monocytosis (p = 0.004), increased classical (p = 0.003), and intermediate (p &lt; 0.001) subsets than HC. Prednisone reduced the percentage of non-classical monocytes (p = 0.011). TAK patients had lower CCL3 (p = 0.033) and CCL4 (p = 0.023) levels than HC, whereas CCL22 levels were higher in active TAK compared to the remission state (p = 0.008). Glucocorticoids were associated with lower CXCL10 levels (p = 0.012). In TAK, CCL4 correlated with total (Rho = 0.489; p = 0.005), classical and intermediate monocytes (Rho = 0.448; p = 0.010 and Rho = 0.412; p = 0.019). In conclusion, TAK is associated with altered counts of monocyte subsets in the peripheral blood compared to HC and CCL22 is the chemokine with the strongest association with active disease in TAK.</p

Doença de Alzheimer, uma revisão

A Doença do Alzheimer (DA), é considerada uma demência neuropática que acomete os pacientes a perda de memória de curta e longa data,além de deficiências como a perda de funções cognitivas,corporais e localizações espaciais,acometendo o paciente a uma vida em sociedade bem dificultada. Dentre os objetivos, destaca-se: caracterizar a Doença de Alzheimer; demonstrar os principais fatores de risco; indicar a importância do diagnóstico precoce; elencar as atualizações pertinentes e plausíveis em critérios de diagnóstico e terapêutica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva, através de busca por trabalhos originais disponíveis nas plataformas Google Acadêmico e SciElo, com o uso de trabalhos publicados entre os períodos de 2020 e 2024, no idioma português e inglês. Mediante os trabalhos selecionados através da triagem, foi construído um quadro com os 14 materiais selecionados para evidenciar os resultados, em que pode-se elencar que a maioria têm em comum o enfoque na importância do diagnóstico, os principais fatores de riscos e atualizações sobre o tema. Em relação ao diagnóstico, conclui-se que biomarcadores são úteis para traçar o diagnóstico, mas, nenhum possui total especificidade, e em relação à terapêutica, evidencia-se que nas primeiras fases o objetivo é minimizar a progressão da doença, fato este imprescindível para um prognóstico assertivo

A assistência psíquica no Sistema Único de Saúde: um relato de experiência

The aim was to describe an experience report about the assistance offered by the Unified Health System to psychiatric patients and how this support network can be fundamental in their lives. This is a qualitative, descriptive research, which will report the experience lived in Primary Care correlated with the theoretical aspects of the course, in the context of Mental Health. Some evidenced literatures were selected. Thus, they were used to search for articles on the Google Scholar and Scientific Electronic Library Online search platforms. For the discussion, the two categories were listed: Primary Care in mental health care and multi- and interdisciplinarity in psychiatric and mental health care, which were later analyzed and claimed. It is concluded that the psychic assistance provided to patients with mental problems is essential for them to achieve: autonomy, freedom, exercise their citizenship, equity and access to quality health services.O objetivo principal foi descrever um relato de experiência acerca da assistência ofertada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde aos pacientes psiquiátricos e como essa rede de apoio pode ser fundamental em suas vidas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva, que relatará a experiência vivenciada na Atenção Primária correlacionadas com as vertentes teóricas do curso, no âmbito da Saúde Mental. Foram selecionadas algumas literaturas evidenciadas. Desse modo, foram utilizadas para busca de artigos nas plataformas de pesquisa Google Acadêmico e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Para a discussão, foram elencadas as duas categorias: A Atenção Primária na assistência à saúde mental e a multi e interdisciplinaridade no cuidado psiquiátrico e de saúde mental, sendo que, posteriormente, os mesmos foram analisados e pleiteados. Conclui-se que a assistência psíquica prestada aos pacientes com problemas mentais é fundamental para que eles consigam: autonomia, liberdade, exercer sua cidadania, equidade e acesso à serviços de saúde de qualidade

A assistência psíquica no Sistema Único de Saúde: um relato de experiência

The aim was to describe an experience report about the assistance offered by the Unified Health System to psychiatric patients and how this support network can be fundamental in their lives. This is a qualitative, descriptive research, which will report the experience lived in Primary Care correlated with the theoretical aspects of the course, in the context of Mental Health. Some evidenced literatures were selected. Thus, they were used to search for articles on the Google Scholar and Scientific Electronic Library Online search platforms. For the discussion, the two categories were listed: Primary Care in mental health care and multi- and interdisciplinarity in psychiatric and mental health care, which were later analyzed and claimed. It is concluded that the psychic assistance provided to patients with mental problems is essential for them to achieve: autonomy, freedom, exercise their citizenship, equity and access to quality health services.O objetivo principal foi descrever um relato de experiência acerca da assistência ofertada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde aos pacientes psiquiátricos e como essa rede de apoio pode ser fundamental em suas vidas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva, que relatará a experiência vivenciada na Atenção Primária correlacionadas com as vertentes teóricas do curso, no âmbito da Saúde Mental. Foram selecionadas algumas literaturas evidenciadas. Desse modo, foram utilizadas para busca de artigos nas plataformas de pesquisa Google Acadêmico e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Para a discussão, foram elencadas as duas categorias: A Atenção Primária na assistência à saúde mental e a multi e interdisciplinaridade no cuidado psiquiátrico e de saúde mental, sendo que, posteriormente, os mesmos foram analisados e pleiteados. Conclui-se que a assistência psíquica prestada aos pacientes com problemas mentais é fundamental para que eles consigam: autonomia, liberdade, exercer sua cidadania, equidade e acesso à serviços de saúde de qualidade

Rastreio de casos de febre de Chikungunya em 2023 no estado de Minas Gerais

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a incidência e características dos casos de Febre Chikungunya (FC) no estado de Minas Gerais durante o ano de 2023. Utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), foram coletadas e analisadas informações sobre os casos de FC registrados no estado de Minas Gerais ao longo do ano de 2023. Foram empregados métodos estatísticos descritivos para examinar a distribuição temporal dos casos. Além da descrição de agente etiológico; vetor; epidemiologia; fisiopatologia; manifestações clínicas; diagnóstico; tratamento; vacinas e medidas de prevenção. Os resultados revelaram um aumento significativo no número de casos confirmados de FC nos primeiros meses do ano, seguido por uma diminuição gradual ao longo dos meses subsequentes. A análise temporal indicou uma sazonalidade na transmissão da doença, com maior incidência durante os meses de clima mais quente. A análise dos casos de FC em Minas Gerais durante 2023 evidenciou a importância da vigilância epidemiológica contínua e da implementação de medidas preventivas eficazes para controlar a propagação da doença. A compreensão dos padrões de incidência e características clínicas da FC pode subsidiar o desenvolvimento de estratégias direcionadas de intervenção, visando reduzir sua carga sobre o sistema de saúde e proteger a população contra os impactos dessa enfermidade emergente