Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement : a systematic review of comparative studies

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of piezocision in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and its possible adverse effects. The Databases Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and LILACS were searched until March 2019, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) that used piezocision associated with orthodontic treatment. A manual search was also performed. The search, studies selection, assessment of risk of bias and data collection were carried out by two independent reviewers. Eleven publications were included in this review (4 CCTs and 7 RCTs). No study presented low risk of bias. Different types of tooth movement were evaluated: lower anterior alignment, en-masse retraction, overall orthodontic treatment and canine distalization. A total of 240 participants were analyzed in the included studies. Seven studies found significant acceleration in the piezocision group, while two studies found no differences. Adverse effects regarding patient?s satisfaction, pain perception, or worsening of periodontal parameters were not observed. There was no consensus concerning anchorage loss and root resorption. The literature does not provide high-quality evidence to confirm that Piezocision results in significant OTM acceleration. Therefore, high-quality RCTs should be conducted to allow reliable conclusions about the effects of piezocision in orthodontics

Morphometry and Cardiac Anatomicalsurgical Segmentation in Goats

Background: Although surgeries that remove of part of the heart wall are not yet part of veterinary and human surgical routine, experimental studies can indicate this practice in cases where alterations are identified in the heart morphology, with the determination of the heart segments that are part of the organ with independent vascularization and irrigation.  In this context, the objective of the present study was to describe the anatomic surgical segmentation of the goat heart and supply biometric data on the heart to enrich data on the heart morphology of this species.Materials, Methods &Results: Twenty-six hearts were used from crossbred goats, ten to assess the topographical relations of the heart and morphological description of the organ; ten hearts were weighed on  0.01 g precision semi-analytical scales, measured with a pachymeter and later Agar-Agar was injected in the cavities which were sectioned crosswise to establish the volumetric proportion of the heart components, applying a point counting grid to the base surfaces; in three hearts natural latex was injected in the coronary arteries, that were later dissected, and red-stained vinyl acetate was injected in three,  corroded in acid to make vascular molds and these two groups were used to define the irrigation territories of the coronary arteries, identifying the anatomic surgical units among the animals studied.  The goat heart presented average weight of 126.6 g, 8.36  ± 0.62 cm length and 5.89 ± 0.57 cm width at the base.  The study of the volumetric proportion showed that the proportion of muscle was 75.87% and the cavity proportion was 24.12%; the arterial volume (13.94% ±3.01) was greater than the ventricular volume (6.32% ± 1.43). An average of 13 ventricular segments were identified from the vascular study, coming from the right and left coronary arteries that were characterized as SAIP -  Interventricular Paraconal Arterial Segment; SAVE1-  Left Ventricular Ventral Arterial Segment; SAVE2- Left Ventricular Ventral  Arterial Segment; SAME- Left Ventricular Margin Arterial Segment; SAVD1- Right Ventricular Ventral Arterial Segment, SAVD2 - Right Ventricular Ventral Arterial Segment, SAIS- Subsinuosus Interventricular Arterial Segment, SAA- Adipose Artery Arterial Segment, SADE1- Left Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment, SADE2- Left Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment 2- SAMD: Right Ventricular Margin Arterial Segment, SADD1- Right Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment, SADD2- Right Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment.Discussion: The goat hearts presented anatomy and topography according to that described in the literature for the species.  Regarding the heart morphology and segmentation, the goat is similar to the dog, and the goat can be used as an experimental model in cardiology research. As the segments identified presented few variations among the animals, observing that some of them were not found in 100% of the sample, but understanding that the goat arterial segments are well defined in the heart wall, the data was considered  reliable for future research of partial ventriculectomies

Avaliação do conceito sobre aspectos da qualidade da água e crise hídrica dos alunos do ensino médio de Itapetim-PE/Evaluation of the concept on aspects of water quality and water crisis in high school students in Itapetim-PE

Determinadas regiões brasileiras sofrem problemas graves de escassez de água, principalmente o Nordeste. Devido ao prolongado período de seca anual, as práticas de captação e armazenamento de água para o consumo têm sido as principais formas de abastecimento hídrico em muitas comunidades. Entretanto, um problema observado é que a água armazenada perde sua qualidade devido ações antrópicas, ou até mesmo, questões naturais. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, “toda água destinada ao consumo humano, distribuída coletivamente por meio de sistema ou solução alternativo coletiva de abastecimento de água, deve ser objeto de controle e vigilância da qualidade da água”. Portanto, é necessário haver orientação da população, principalmente de jovens e adolescentes que estão em contato direto com a educação, podendo disseminar este conhecimento em sua comunidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a concepção de alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio de escola pública do município de Itapetim-Pe em relação à qualidade da água armazenada em suas residências. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário semiestruturado, onde 78 alunos responderam a 15 questões. Os resultados mostraram que 49% (n=38) utilizam cisternas e caixa d’água como reservatórios. Nas questões sobre contaminação, 71% (n=55) consideram esta água adequada para o consumo, e que, segundo 51% (n=40), não seria possível a contaminação por este meio. Porém 63% (n=49) afirmaram que estes reservatórios estão livres de microrganismos patogênicos. Estes resultados apontam que os alunos mostraram-se desinformados e sem conhecimento no que diz respeito às situações presentes na realidade atual da região semiárida

Manejo e complicações relacionadas a corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia

This article seeks to present the management and complications related to foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology. The study is an integrative literature review. It was thus possible to structure the following guiding question: “What are the complications and management related to patients with foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology?”. A survey was carried out through the electronic library, the Virtual Health Library (BVS), and the following databases were selected: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE ). With this, the descriptors consulted in the Descriptors in Science and Health (DeCS), in the month of August 2023, were used: “Foreign bodies”, “Otorhinolaryngology” and “Hospital Medicine”, using the Boolean operator AND between the descriptors when combined. After applying the eligibility criteria, a total of 7 selected articles were used. Serious complications were defined as having a deep neck infection, esophageal perforation, and mediastinitis requiring hospitalization. Around 80 to 90% of ingested FBs pass spontaneously and the complication rate involves perforation, mucosal laceration and infection, although some are uncommon, the associated morbidity can cause hospital stays of up to six times longer than that of patients hassle free. Most situations that lead to EC accidents are preventable, and it is necessary to have improvements in the issue of training of otorhinolaryngologists in order to avoid serious complications.Este artículo busca presentar el manejo y las complicaciones relacionadas con los cuerpos extraños en otorrinolaringología. El estudio es una revisión integradora de la literatura. Fue así posible estructurar la siguiente pregunta orientadora: “¿Cuáles son las complicaciones y el manejo relacionado con los pacientes con cuerpos extraños en otorrinolaringología?”. Se realizó una encuesta a través de la biblioteca electrónica, la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), y se seleccionaron las siguientes bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Con esto, se utilizaron los descriptores consultados en los Descriptores en Ciencia y Salud (DeCS), en el mes de agosto de 2023: “Cuerpos extraños”, “Otorrinolaringología” y “Medicina Hospitalaria”, utilizando el operador booleano Y entre los descriptores cuando conjunto. Luego de aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad, se utilizaron un total de 7 artículos seleccionados. Las complicaciones graves se definieron como infección profunda del cuello, perforación esofágica y mediastinitis que requirieron hospitalización. Alrededor del 80 al 90% de los CE ingeridos pasan espontáneamente y la tasa de complicaciones involucra perforación, laceración mucosa e infección, aunque algunas son poco comunes, la morbilidad asociada puede provocar estancias hospitalarias hasta seis veces más largas que la de los pacientes sin complicaciones. La mayoría de situaciones que conducen a accidentes de CE son prevenibles, y es necesario mejorar en materia de formación de los otorrinolaringólogos para evitar complicaciones graves.Este artigo busca apresentar o manejo e complicações relacionadas a corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia. O estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foi possível assim estruturar a seguinte pergunta norteadora: “Quais as complicações e manejo relacionado a pacientes com corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia?”. Foi feito um levantamento através da biblioteca eletrônica sendo a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), sendo selecionada as seguintes bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). Com isso, foi utilizado os descritores consultados nos Descritores em Ciência e Saúde (DeCS), no mês de agosto de 2023, sendo: “Corpos estranhos”, “Otorrinolaringologia” e “Medicina Hospitalar”, utilizando o operador booleando AND entre os descritores quando combinados. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram utilizados 7 artigos selecionados ao total. As complicações graves foram definidas como as que possuíam uma infecção profunda do pescoço, perfuração esofágica e mediastinite que necessitavam de hospitalização. Em torno de 80 a 90% dos CE ingeridos passam de forma espontânea e a taxa de complicações envolvem perfuração, laceração da mucosa e infecção, embora algumas sejam incomuns a morbidade associada pode causa internação hospitalar de até seis vezes mais longa do que a de pacientes sem complicações. A maioria das situações que levam a acidentes a CE são evitáveis, sendo necessário que se tenha melhorias na questão da formação dos otorrinolaringologistas a fim de evitar sérias complicações

Plaque index and gingival index during rapid maxillary expansion of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess, during rapid maxillary expansion, the plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI) of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate(UCLP) using Hyrax (HX) or inverted mini-Hyrax (IMHX) rapid maxillary expanders (RME) considering patients’ sex and age. Methods: PI (Quigley Index modified by Turesky et al) and GI (Löe and Silness) of 28 UCLP (11 females; 17 males: aged 8 to 15 years) submitted to daily RME activation were assessed before (T0) and 7 (T1), 28 (T2) and 90 (T3) days after activation. Log-linear models and Bonferroni correction were performed to analyze possible differences in PI and GI between RME, sexes or age groups over time. Results: Intra-group comparison revealed significant increases in PI of patients using HX (T0 < T2), IMHX (T0 < T3; T1< T3), males (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3), and in GI of patients using IMHX (T0 < T3; T1 < T3), females (T1 < T3; T2 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T3; T2 < T3). One inter-group difference in GI according to patients’ age (8-11 < 12-15; T1) was observed. Conclusions: Since a single difference between groups was encountered, the results of this study indicated that PI and GI during maxillary expansion were similar between HX and IMHX, sexes and the analyzed age groups. Therefore, orthodontists can use these RME in UCLP patients according to the patient’s necessity or their preferences

Plaque index and gingival index during rapid maxillary expansion of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate

<div><p>ABSTRACT Objective: To assess, during rapid maxillary expansion, the plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI) of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate(UCLP) using Hyrax (HX) or inverted mini-Hyrax (IMHX) rapid maxillary expanders (RME) considering patients’ sex and age. Methods: PI (Quigley Index modified by Turesky et al) and GI (Löe and Silness) of 28 UCLP (11 females; 17 males: aged 8 to 15 years) submitted to daily RME activation were assessed before (T0) and 7 (T1), 28 (T2) and 90 (T3) days after activation. Log-linear models and Bonferroni correction were performed to analyze possible differences in PI and GI between RME, sexes or age groups over time. Results: Intra-group comparison revealed significant increases in PI of patients using HX (T0 < T2), IMHX (T0 < T3; T1< T3), males (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T1; T0 < T2; T0 < T3), and in GI of patients using IMHX (T0 < T3; T1 < T3), females (T1 < T3; T2 < T3) or aged 12-15 years (T0 < T3; T2 < T3). One inter-group difference in GI according to patients’ age (8-11 < 12-15; T1) was observed. Conclusions: Since a single difference between groups was encountered, the results of this study indicated that PI and GI during maxillary expansion were similar between HX and IMHX, sexes and the analyzed age groups. Therefore, orthodontists can use these RME in UCLP patients according to the patient’s necessity or their preferences.</p></div

Morphometry and Cardiac Anatomicalsurgical Segmentation in Goats

Background: Although surgeries that remove of part of the heart wall are not yet part of veterinary and human surgical routine, experimental studies can indicate this practice in cases where alterations are identified in the heart morphology, with the determination of the heart segments that are part of the organ with independent vascularization and irrigation.  In this context, the objective of the present study was to describe the anatomic surgical segmentation of the goat heart and supply biometric data on the heart to enrich data on the heart morphology of this species.Materials, Methods &Results: Twenty-six hearts were used from crossbred goats, ten to assess the topographical relations of the heart and morphological description of the organ; ten hearts were weighed on  0.01 g precision semi-analytical scales, measured with a pachymeter and later Agar-Agar was injected in the cavities which were sectioned crosswise to establish the volumetric proportion of the heart components, applying a point counting grid to the base surfaces; in three hearts natural latex was injected in the coronary arteries, that were later dissected, and red-stained vinyl acetate was injected in three,  corroded in acid to make vascular molds and these two groups were used to define the irrigation territories of the coronary arteries, identifying the anatomic surgical units among the animals studied.  The goat heart presented average weight of 126.6 g, 8.36  ± 0.62 cm length and 5.89 ± 0.57 cm width at the base.  The study of the volumetric proportion showed that the proportion of muscle was 75.87% and the cavity proportion was 24.12%; the arterial volume (13.94% ±3.01) was greater than the ventricular volume (6.32% ± 1.43). An average of 13 ventricular segments were identified from the vascular study, coming from the right and left coronary arteries that were characterized as SAIP -  Interventricular Paraconal Arterial Segment; SAVE1-  Left Ventricular Ventral Arterial Segment; SAVE2- Left Ventricular Ventral  Arterial Segment; SAME- Left Ventricular Margin Arterial Segment; SAVD1- Right Ventricular Ventral Arterial Segment, SAVD2 - Right Ventricular Ventral Arterial Segment, SAIS- Subsinuosus Interventricular Arterial Segment, SAA- Adipose Artery Arterial Segment, SADE1- Left Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment, SADE2- Left Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment 2- SAMD: Right Ventricular Margin Arterial Segment, SADD1- Right Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment, SADD2- Right Ventricular Dorsal Arterial Segment.Discussion: The goat hearts presented anatomy and topography according to that described in the literature for the species.  Regarding the heart morphology and segmentation, the goat is similar to the dog, and the goat can be used as an experimental model in cardiology research. As the segments identified presented few variations among the animals, observing that some of them were not found in 100% of the sample, but understanding that the goat arterial segments are well defined in the heart wall, the data was considered  reliable for future research of partial ventriculectomies

Performance of Two Extracts Derived from Propolis on Mature Biofilm Produced by <i>Candida albicans</i>

Species of the Candida genus represent the third most common cause of onychomycosis, the most frequent and difficult to treat nail infection. Onychomycosis has been attributed to fungi organized in biofilm and some natural products have proved promising for its treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of propolis extract (PE) and its by-product (WPE) on 7-day preformed biofilms produced by Candida albicans in polystyrene microplates, as well as in an ex vivo model on human nail fragments. The cytotoxicity and permeation capacity were also assessed. Firstly, multiple parameters were evaluated over 7 days to elucidate the dynamics of biofilm formation by C. albicans. The cell viability and total biomass did not vary much from the beginning; however, days 3 and 4 were crucial in terms of metabolic activity, which was significantly increased, and the levels of extracellular matrix components, wherein proteins and nucleic acids experienced an increase, but polysaccharide levels dropped. Architecturally, one-day biofilm showed a monolayer of organized cells (blastoconidia, hyphae, and pseudohyphae), while in the seven-day biofilm there was a three-dimensional well-structured and complex biofilm. This yeast was also able to form a biofilm on both surfaces of the nail, without an additional nutritional source. Both extracts showed excellent antibiofilm activity against the 7-day preformed biofilm and were not toxic to Vero cells at concentrations compatible with the antifungal and antibiofilm activities. Both extracts permeated the experimentally infected nail, with WPE being more efficient. The results of this study, taken together, reinforce the potential of these natural products, containing propolis, as a safe option for the topical treatment of onychomycosis

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2011: volume 3: tecnologias da informação e comunicação e material pedagógico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

ABC-SPH risk score for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients : development, external validation and comparison with other available scores

The majority of available scores to assess mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the emergency department have high risk of bias. Therefore, this cohort aimed to develop and validate a score at hospital admission for predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients and to compare this score with other existing ones. Consecutive patients (≥ 18 years) with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the participating hospitals were included. Logistic regression analysis was performed to develop a prediction model for in-hospital mortality, based on the 3978 patients admitted between March-July, 2020. The model was validated in the 1054 patients admitted during August-September, as well as in an external cohort of 474 Spanish patients. Median (25-75th percentile) age of the model-derivation cohort was 60 (48-72) years, and in-hospital mortality was 20.3%. The validation cohorts had similar age distribution and in-hospital mortality. Seven significant variables were included in the risk score: age, blood urea nitrogen, number of comorbidities, C-reactive protein, SpO/FiO ratio, platelet count, and heart rate. The model had high discriminatory value (AUROC 0.844, 95% CI 0.829-0.859), which was confirmed in the Brazilian (0.859 [95% CI 0.833-0.885]) and Spanish (0.894 [95% CI 0.870-0.919]) validation cohorts, and displayed better discrimination ability than other existing scores. It is implemented in a freely available online risk calculator (https://abc2sph.com/). An easy-to-use rapid scoring system based on characteristics of COVID-19 patients commonly available at hospital presentation was designed and validated for early stratification of in-hospital mortality risk of patients with COVID-19