Glare and Ocular Diseases

Glare is the result of veiling luminance from the different light sources we are exposed to in our everyday lives. The luminance from glare can cause problems ranging from the discomfort of our eyes to vision loss. All individuals are affected by glare issues but those problems are intensified in patients living with ocular diseases. Therefore, understanding the effects of glare is applicable to elucidating visual function and pathology. This makes glare testing highly necessary in both clinic and research. However, there are many components involved in glare testing that makes attaining valid results difficult. This is evident in the flaws of current glare devices and the lack of a standardization of measuring glare. Despite the insufficiency of most glare devices, evaluating those weaknesses can potentially lead to a better understanding of glare and glare testing

Influence des contraintes édaphiques sur la nutrition minérale, le développement et la production du cocotier (Cocos nucifera L.) dans des sols sulfatés acides salés ou non salés du delta du Mékong : effet améliorant d'un apport de phosphate naturel

La production d'huile végétale est un enjeu économique majeur au Viet Nam. Cependant, l'extension de la culture du cocotier à des sols sulfatés acides ou sulfatés acides salés, carencés en phosphore et en calcium, a entraîné une chute importante de la production par comparaison aux sols alluviaux. Ces carences ont été confirmées par le diagnostic foliaire mais aussi racinaire. Les potentiels hydriques élevés montrent que le cocotier ne souffre pas de stress hydrique dans le delta du Mékong même en saison sèche. Par contre, pendant cette saison, dans les zones soumises à l'influence de la marée, la salinité élevée provoque la fermeture des stomates et la baisse de l'assimilation photosynthétique. Le taux de sodium et un milieu asphyxique sont les causes d'une inhibition de la croissance des systèmes racinaire et aérien. L'augmentation excessive des teneurs en ions toxiques (Fe(3+), Al(3+), Na(+)) dans les racines par rapport aux feuilles a montré leur rôle filtrant. Un essai conduit avec des jeunes plants arrosés à l'eau salée, a permis de déterminer un niveau de salinité optimum (5 pour mille) et confirme le rôle de filtre des racines. L'apport de phosphate naturel augmente le nombre de noix et le poids de coprah par cocotier, l'effet étant relativement plus important avec les sols sulfatés acides salés. La solubilité de l'engrais phosphaté et sa teneur en calcium jouent un rôle essentiel dans l'efficacité du traitement : le calcium remonte le pH ce qui diminue l'activité des ions Al(3+) et améliore la structure du sol, le phosphore corrige sa carence et complexe une partie de Al. En se limitant aux zones où la salinité est inférieure à 10 pour mille de nouvelles plantations pourraient être développées sur plus de 100.000 ha dans le delta du Mékong. (Résumé d'auteur

The Law on Child Labor: A Correlational Study in Vietnam

According to the International Labsour Organization (ILO), Vietnam is the first country in Asia and the second country in the world to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Among them, are conventions related to child labor such as Convention 138, on a minimum age for employment in 1973 (Convention 138); Convention 182, which prohibits and urgently acts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor in 1999 (Convention 182). During the process of joining conventions on child labor, Vietnam’s legal system has been issued, amended, and adjusted to enforce international commitments. However, from the perspective of the conventions on labor children that Vietnam has joined, the national legal system still has shortcomings from the age of labor, occupations that are allowed to use child labor to forms of labor… The article uses the correlational research method, comparing the regulations of the ILO convention with the law regulating child labor in Vietnam and then proposing solutions to improve the Vietnam national law. Keywords: copyright, three-step test, intellectual property rights, infringement, universities… DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/138-05 Publication date: December 31st 202

Surgical versus medical treatment for severe epilepsy: consequences for intellectual functioning in children and adults. A follow-up study

AbstractWe compared the effects of medical and combined surgical and medical treatment of refractory epilepsy on intellectual functioning in a group of children (n=13) and a group of adults (n=15).The patients were tested with the age-appropriate versions of Wechsler’s intelligence scales twice prior to and once after epilepsy surgery. There were no significant differences between the groups in preoperative epilepsy-related variables, including age at onset. The IQ scores were submitted to two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA). We also evaluated individual changes in IQ scores.Adult patients maintained stable levels of performance after drug treatment as well as following surgery, while children declined in Full Scale IQ after both kinds of treatment. Children also declined in Performance IQ, but not in Verbal IQ after drug treatment, and in Verbal IQ, but not in Performance IQ after surgery. Three of six children who underwent a significant decline in Full Scale IQ before surgery did not show any further decline postoperatively.We have proposed a developmental model to account for the different findings in children and adults, and conclude tentatively that refractory, long-standing epilepsy may interfere with intellectual development both during drug treatment and following combined surgical and medical treatment in children, while the impact of long-standing refractory epilepsy of similar severity as in children is not strong enough to reduce intellectual performance in adults, irrespective of treatment modality

Indochinese bamboos: biodiversity informatics to assist the identification of “vernacular taxa”

Bamboo (Bambusoides – Gramineae) is one of the most important natural resource in Southeast Asia. However, bamboo identification has many difficulties. In the area of SEP programme «Indochina Bamboos» (2008-2010), the final objective is to update the bamboo flora of Indochine (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodege) and to publish an e-flora including free access keys, digital images and information about the traditional and economic use of bamboos. During field trips in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodgia, samples, pictures and morphological description sheets were collected in various locations and previously assigned to the local vernacular names. We use an informatic program, Xper2, to assist the comparison and identification of “vernacular bamboo taxa” based on morphological characteristics

Treatment of landfill leachate through struvite precipitation and nitrogen removal bacteria and poly-phosphate bacteria (in-pots experiment)

Abstract— Landfill leacheate is a type of wastewater which contains large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, therefore it needed to be treated before releasing to directly to the environment. The combination between struvite precipitation and nitrogen removal and poly-P bacteria into wastewater for landfill leachate treatment has been found to be a cost-effective practive, a viable technology in terms of environmental protection and sustainability, especially in the developing-countries. For optimum struvite crystallization from landfill leachate, the Mg:PO4 molar ratio as (1.2:1) was used, the pH of reaction was adjusted to 9 and the sample was stirred continously during 40 minutes. The supernatant sample was then added 1% nitrogen removal bacteria (Pseudomonas stutzeri D3b strain) and 1% poly-P bacteria (Kurthia sp. TGT1013L strain), 5 g glucose/L and aeration 12/24h during 3 days, ammonium concentration reduced significantly from 1076 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L and orthophosphate concentration decreased noticeably from 24.91 mg/L to 7.6 mg/L

Using Fuzzy Approach to Model Skill Shortage in Vietnam’s Labor Market in the Context of Industry 4.0

Human resources development is one of the main issues in the socio-economic development strategy and the transform of any region in the context of Industry 4.0. However, Vietnamese human resources have been poorly evaluated in the areas of quality, lack of dynamism, and creativity. Therefore, this paper presents a fuzzy logic approach to ranking seven skills shortage in Vietnam’s Labor Market, namely lifelong learning, adaptive capacity, information technology capacity, creativity and innovation capacity, problem-solving capacity, foreign language competency, and organizing and managing competency. The results showed that the problem-solving skill has the largest gap between an enterprise’s requirements and the actual response of employees

The association of urine markers of iodine intake with development and growth among children in rural Uganda: A secondary analysis of a randomised education trial

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HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ASSAY FOR DETERMINATION OF MOXIFLOXACIN IN HUMAN PLASMA

A simple reversed phase HPLC method with UV detection has been successfully developed and validated for determination of moxifloxacin in human plasma. The sample pretreatment involves only single-step protein precipitation with tricloroacetic acid. Moxifloxacin was measured in plasma using a validated HPLC method with UV detector at 295 nm, C18 column (25cm×4.5mm, 5µm), a mixture of phosphate buffer pH 4.0 and acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. Retention time of moxifloxacin was found to be 7.4 min. The mean recovery for the drug was obtained 97.30%. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.3 to 25.0 µg/mL with coefficient correlation of 0.9991. This method was successfully applied for therapeutic drug monitoring

Developing a zebrafish-based pipeline to investigate the biological properties of medicinal plant extracts from Northern Vietnam

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