Cluster Model for Near-barrier Fusion Induced by Weakly Bound and Halo Nuclei

The influence on the fusion process of coupling transfer/breakup channels is investigated for the medium weight $^{6,7}$Li+$^{59}$Co systems in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier. Coupling effects are discussed within a comparison of predictions of the Continuum Discretized Coupled-Channels model. Applications to $^{6}$He+$^{59}$Co induced by the borromean halo nucleus $^{6}$He are also proposed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, FINUSTAR2 Conference, Aghios Nikolaus, Crete, Greece. 10-14 September 200

Solving the two-center nuclear shell-model problem with arbitrarily-orientated deformed potentials

A general new technique to solve the two-center problem with arbitrarily-orientated deformed realistic potentials is demonstrated, which is based on the powerful potential separable expansion method. As an example, molecular single-particle spectra for $^{12}$C + $^{12}$C $\to$ $^{24}$Mg are calculated using deformed Woods-Saxon potentials. These clearly show that non-axial symmetric configurations play a crucial role in molecular resonances observed in reaction processes for this system at low energy

Fusion of light proton-rich exotic nuclei at near-barrier energies

We study theoretically fusion of the light proton-rich exotic nuclei $^{17}$F and $^8$B at near-barrier energies in order to investigate the possible role of breakup processes on their fusion cross sections. To this end, coupled channel calculations are performed considering the couplings to the breakup channels of these projectiles. In case of $^{17}$F, the coupling arising out of the inelastic excitation from the ground state to the bound excited state and its couplings to the continuum have also been taken into consideration. It is found that the inelastic excitation/breakup of $^{17}$F affect the fusion cross sections very nominally even for a heavy target like Pb. On the other hand, calculations for fusion of the one-proton halo nucleus $^8$B on a Pb target show a significant suppression of the complete fusion cross section above the Coulomb barrier. This is due to the larger breakup probability of $^8$B as compared to that of $^{17}$F. However, even for $^8$B, there is little change in the complete fusion cross sections as compared to the no-coupling case at sub-barrier energies.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, Revtex.st

Reaction mechanisms for weakly-bound, stable nuclei and unstable, halo nuclei on medium-mass targets

An experimental overview of reactions induced by the stable, but weakly-bound nuclei 6Li, 7Li and 9Be, and by the exotic, halo nuclei 6He, 8B, 11Be and 17F on medium-mass targets, such as 58Ni, 59Co or 64Zn, is presented. Existing data on elastic scattering, total reaction cross sections, fusion processes, breakup and transfer channels are discussed in the framework of a CDCC approach taking into account the breakup degree of freedom.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, Invited Talk given by C. Beck to the 10th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, August 16-21, 2009 Beijing, China; Paper submitted to the NN2009 Proceedings, Nuclear Physics A (to be published

Role of the cluster structure of 7^7Li in the dynamics of fragment capture

Exclusive measurements of prompt $\gamma$-rays from the heavy-residues with various light charged particles in the $^7$Li + $^{198}$Pt system, at an energy near the Coulomb barrier (E/$V_b$ $\sim$ 1.6) are reported. Recent dynamic classical trajectory calculations, constrained by the measured fusion, $\alpha$ and $t$ capture cross-sections have been used to explain the excitation energy dependence of the residue cross-sections. These calculations distinctly illustrate a two step process, breakup followed by fusion in case of the capture of $t$ and $\alpha$ clusters; whereas for $^{6}$He + $p$ and $^{5}$He + $d$ configurations, massive transfer is inferred to be the dominant mechanism. The present work clearly demonstrates the role played by the cluster structures of $^7$Li in understanding the reaction dynamics at energies around the Coulomb barrier.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Letts.

Electromagnetic waves in a wormhole geometry

We investigate the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a static wormhole. It is shown that the problem can be reduced to a one-dimensional Schr\"odinger-like equation with a barrier-type potential. Using numerical methods, we calculate the transmission coefficient as a function of the energy. We also discuss the polarization of the outgoing radiation due to this gravitational scattering.Comment: LaTex file, 5 pages, 2 figures, one reference added, accepted for publication in PR

Unstable Dynamics, Nonequilibrium Phases and Criticality in Networked Excitable Media

Here we numerically study a model of excitable media, namely, a network with occasionally quiet nodes and connection weights that vary with activity on a short-time scale. Even in the absence of stimuli, this exhibits unstable dynamics, nonequilibrium phases -including one in which the global activity wanders irregularly among attractors- and 1/f noise while the system falls into the most irregular behavior. A net result is resilience which results in an efficient search in the model attractors space that can explain the origin of certain phenomenology in neural, genetic and ill-condensed matter systems. By extensive computer simulation we also address a relation previously conjectured between observed power-law distributions and the occurrence of a "critical state" during functionality of (e.g.) cortical networks, and describe the precise nature of such criticality in the model.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figure

Transient jets in V617 Sagittarii

Some of the luminous Compact Binary Supersoft X-Ray sources (CBSS) have shown indications of jets, also called satellites due to their appearance in the spectra. In V Sagittae (V Sge) stars, the galactic counterparts of the CBSS, such features have been reported only for WX Cen. If V Sge stars are indeed the analogs of CBSS, one may expect transient jet emission in other objects of this class. Spectroscopic observations of the V Sge star V617 Sgr have been made, both at high photometric state and at decline. We show that V617 Sgr presents Halpha satellites at high photometric state with velocities of +/-780 km/s. This feature confirms, once more, the CBSS nature of the V Sge stars, however the details of the spectral characteristics also suggest that the two groups of stars display some intrinsic spectroscopic differences, which are likely to be due to a selection effect related to chemical abundance.Comment: Four pages, accepted to be published as a Letter in A&

Posibilidades de reproducción de Schinus johnstonii (Anacardiaceae), una especie nativa del Monte argentino

Schinus johnstonii F. A. Barkley (Anacardiaceae) es un arbusto nativo de la ProvinciaFitogeográfica del Monte, donde representa un importante componente del pastizal natural. Su tolerancia a la sequía, junto a la presencia de una floración abundante,la convierten en una buena opción para proyectos paisajísticos y de restauración de ambientes degradados y deforestados. Para tales fines es necesario contar con informaciónacerca de sus posibilidades de reproducción. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar los requerimientos básicos para la germinación de sus semillas(reproducción sexual), en condiciones de laboratorio, la viabilidad de las mismas y analizar la supervivencia de estacas (reproducción vegetativa), en condiciones controladasy bajo distintos tratamientos. Las semillas recolectadas se sometieron a seis tratamientos pre-germinativos: exocarpo intacto (control), remoción de exocarpo(desnudas), semillas desnudas con escarificación mecánica, semillas desnudas con escarificación química, semillas desnudas en remojo y semillas desnudas con exposicióna humo. Sólo se observó germinación en semillas sin exocarpo. Las semillas desnudas germinaron a partir de los 10 días, con un valor máximo del 38%, sinencontrarse diferencias entre los tratamientos. Se observó, además, una importanteproporción de semillas no viables o vacías (30-40%). El estudio de reproducciónvegetativa, con estacas recolectadas durante los estadios fenológicos vegetativo yreproductivo, con y sin hormona de enraizamiento, dio como resultado un porcentajebajo de rebrote (20%), sin diferencias entre tratamientos. Según los resultados,las semillas de S. johnstonii presentarían dormición física impuesta por la cubierta(superada por remoción del exocarpo). La reproducción de este arbusto no seríarecomendable por medio de estacas, aunque se sugiere realizar más estudios.Schinus johnstonii F. A. Barkley (Anacardiaceae) is a native shrub to the Monte Phytogeographic Province, where it represents an important component of rangelands. Its tolerance to drought and abundant flowering, render it a good option for landscaping and land restoration projects on degraded and deforested areas. For such purposes, information about its reproductive possibilities is needed. The objectives of this work were to determine the basic requirements for seed germination (sexual reproduction) under laboratory conditions, viability and to analyze the survival of cuttings (vegetative reproduction), under controlled conditions and different treatments. The collected seeds were subjected to six pre-germination treatments: intact exocarp (control), exocarp removal (bare), bare seeds with mechanical scarification, bare seeds with chemical scarification, bare seeds with soaking and bare seeds with exposure to smoke. Germination was only observed in seeds without exocarp. Bare seeds germinated after 10 days, with a maximum value of 38%, with no differences between treatments. In addition, a significant proportion of non-viable or empty seeds (30-40%) was observed. The vegetative reproductive study, with cuttings collected during the vegetative and reproductive phenological stages, with and without rooting hormone, resulted in a low percentage of regrowth (20%), with no differences between treatments. According to these results, seeds of S. johnstonii would present physical dormancy imposed by the seed coat (overcome by the removal of the exocarp). The reproduction of this shrub by cuttings is not recommended, although further studies are suggested

Carbon in Spiral Galaxies from Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopy

We present measurements of the gas-phase C/O abundance ratio in six H II regions in the spiral galaxies M101 and NGC 2403, based on ultraviolet spectroscopy using the Faint Object Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. The C/O ratios increase systematically with O/H in both galaxies, from log C/O approximately -0.8 at log O/H = -4.0 to log C/O approx. -0.1 at log O/H = -3.4. C/N shows no correlation with O/H. The rate of increase of C/O is somewhat uncertain because of uncertainty as to the appropriate UV reddening law, and uncertainty in the metallicity dependence on grain depletions. However, the trend of increasing C/O with O/H is clear, confirming and extending the trend in C/O indicated previously from observations of irregular galaxies. Our data indicate that the radial gradients in C/H across spiral galaxies are steeper than the gradients in O/H. Comparing the data to chemical evolution models for spiral galaxies shows that models in which the massive star yields do not vary with metallicity predict radial C/O gradients that are much flatter than the observed gradients. The most likely hypothesis at present is that stellar winds in massive stars have an important effect on the yields and thus on the evolution of carbon and oxygen abundances. C/O and N/O abundance ratios in the outer disks of spirals determined to date are very similar to those in dwarf irregular galaxies. This implies that the outer disks of spirals have average stellar population ages much younger than the inner disks.Comment: 38 pages, 9 postscript figures, uses aaspp4.sty. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa