A construção social das ciencias sociais na periferia : economia e sociologia no Uruguai, 1970-1990

Orientador: Lea Maria Leme Strini VelhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de GeocienciasDoutorad

Analysis of CMB maps with 2D wavelets

We consider the 2D wavelet transform with two scales to study sky maps of temperature anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB). We apply this technique to simulated maps of small sky patches of size 12.8 \times 12.8 square degrees and 1.5' \times 1.5' pixels. The relation to the standard approach, based on the cl's is established through the introduction of the scalogram. We consider temperature fluctuations derived from standard, open and flat-Lambda CDM models. We analyze CMB anisotropies maps plus uncorrelated Gaussian noise (uniform and non-uniform) at idfferent S/N levels. We explore in detail the denoising of such maps and compare the results with other techniques already proposed in the literature. Wavelet methods provide a good reconstruction of the image and power spectrum. Moreover, they are faster than previously proposed methods.Comment: latex file 7 pages + 5 postscript files + 1 gif file; accepted for publication in A&A

Olive classification according to external damage using image analysis.

The external appearance of an olive’s skin is the most decisive factor in determining its quality as a fruit. This work tries to establish a hierarchical model based on the features extracted from images of olives reflecting their external defects. Seven commercial categories of olives, established by product experts, were used: undamaged olives, mussel-scale or ‘serpeta’, hail-damaged or ‘granizo’, mill or ‘rehús’, wrinkled olive or ‘agostado’, purple olive and undefined-damage or ‘molestado’. The original images were processed using segmentation, colour parameters and morphological features of the defects and the whole fruits. The application of three consecutive discriminant analyses resulted in the correct classification of 97% and 75% of olives during calibration and validation, respectively. However the correct classification percentages vary greatly depending on the categories, ranging 80–100% during calibration and 38– 100% during validation

Thermodynamics of Chaplygin gas

We clarify thermodynamics of the Chaplygin gas by introducing the integrability condition. All thermal quantities are derived as functions of either volume or temperature. Importantly, we find a new general equation of state, describing the Chaplygin gas completely. We confirm that the Chaplygin gas could show a unified picture of dark matter and energy which cools down through the universe expansion without any critical point (phase transition).Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, version "Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science

Multispectral images of peach related to firmness and maturity at harvest

wo multispectral maturity classifications for red soft-flesh peaches (‘Kingcrest’, ‘Rubyrich’ and ‘Richlady’ n = 260) are proposed and compared based on R (red) and R/IR (red divided by infrared) images obtained with a three CCD camera (800 nm, 675 nm and 450 nm). R/IR histograms were able to correct the effect of 3D shape on light reflectance and thus more Gaussian histograms were produced than R images. As fruits ripened, the R/IR histograms showed increasing levels of intensity. Reference measurements such as firmness and visible spectra also varied significantly as the fruit ripens, firmness decreased while reflectance at 680 nm increased (chlorophyll absorption peak)

Factores de inicio y mantenimiento del consumo de SPA y relación con las conductas antisociales y delictivas

Graficas, Encuestas, cuestinario,A nivel regional el consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas SPA crece de forma inminente frente a una sociedad que no se inmuta ante este fenómeno que acaba con el ser humano sin discriminación alguna. Es por ello que nace la necesidad de realizar una investigación cuyo objetivo es dar a conocer los factores que inciden en el inicio y el mantenimiento del consumo de SPA y la relación de este con las conductas antisociales y delictivas en población privada de su libertad en el Centro Transitorio de Internamiento Preventivo “Nuevos Días” y en las Fundaciones de Rehabilitación: Emmanuel, Ríos de Agua Viva y Manantial de Vida de la ciudad de Florencia Caquetá. Partiendo de este planteamiento esta investigación se lleva a cabo bajo un enfoque cuanti-cualitativo y siguiendo el diseño de campo que nos permite acceder a la información directamente de la población a trabajar sin espacios a distorsionar los datos obtenidos. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva correlacional y a la población mencionada se le aplicaron dos instrumentos los cuales son la prueba psicológica A-D y un cuestionario elaborado para este fin. Dichos instrumentos fueron aplicados de forma individual y confidencial para crear un ambiente de confianza entre el investigador y los entrevistados y así generar las respuestas precisas a los interrogantes propuestos. Como resultados se encontró que los factores de inicio de consumo de SPA se convierten en factores de mantenimiento a medida que este aumenta, estos factores son de tipo familiar, socio-demográficos y académicos. La relación entre el consumo de SPA y las conductas antisociales y delictivas se da en el momento en que se crea la necesidad económica para suplir la ansiedad de consumir. Con el fin de mejorar los programas de rehabilitación estos resultados se dieron a conocer en las instituciones que participaron en esta investigación.Regionally Psychoactive Substances consumption grows SPA imminently facing a society that does not flinch at this phenomenon which finishes with a human being without discrimination. That is why we created the need for an investigation whose aim is to understand the factors that influence the initiation and maintenance of drug misuse and the relationship of this with antisocial and criminal behavior in population deprived of their freedom in the Transient Preventive Detention center "New Day " and the Foundations of Rehabilitation: Emmanuel Rios de Agua Viva and Manantial de Vida city of Florence Caquetá. Using this approach the research is carried out under a quantitative and qualitative approach and following the design field that allows us to access information directly from the people to work without spaces to distort the data. The research is correlational descriptive and people mentioned were applied two instruments which are the psychological test AD and a questionnaire developed for this purpose. These instruments were applied individually and confidentially to create an atmosphere of trust between the researcher and the respondents and thus generate precise answers to the proposed questions. As a result it was found that the factors of onset of SPA become maintenance factors as it increases, these factors are demographic socio- familial, and academics. The relationship between drug misuse and antisocial and criminal behavior occurs in the time of economic necessity is created to meet consuming anxiety. In order to improve rehabilitation programs these results were announced in the institutions that participated in this research

Control of antioxidant efficiency of chlorogenates in emulsions: modulation of antioxidant interfacial concentrations

BACKGROUND Controlling the interfacial concentrations of antioxidants (AOs) in oil-in-water emulsions can be regarded as a unique approach for increasing the efficiency of AOs in inhibiting the oxidation of lipids. Classical methods to determine the AO distribution in binary systems cannot be employed and their distribution needs to be assessed in the intact emulsion. RESULTS We have employed a well-established kinetic method to determine the distribution of a homologous series of AOs derived of chlorogenic acid in olive oil-in-water emulsions and analyse the effects of AO hydrophobicity on their distributions and their efficiencies. Results indicate that variations in the efficiency of chlorogenates in emulsions are due to differences in their interfacial concentrations. Their interfacial concentrations AO(I) were much higher (20- to 150-fold) than their stoichiometric concentrations. On the other hand, their concentrations in the oil region were 1.5- to 0.1-fold. Results also show the complex effect of the oil-to-water ratio employed in the preparation of the emulsions on the (AO(I)) values. CONCLUSION Results highlight the key role of the interfacial region and of its composition (interfacial AO molarity, emulsifier concentration, oil-to-water ratio) in interpreting the efficiency of AOs in inhibiting lipid oxidation in emulsions. Thus, a careful modulation of these parameters is necessary to ensure optimum AO efficiency. (c) 2019 Society of Chemical IndustryFinancial support of the following institutions is acknowledged: FEDER (COMPETE) and FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UID/QUI/50006/2013 - POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007265 and UID/QUI/00686/2016), Xunta de Galicia (10TAL314003PR and Programa de axudas a etapa posdoutoral), Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia (CTQ2006-13969-BQU) and the Universities of Vigo and Porto. SL-B thanks Xunta de Galicia for a postdoctoral grant (POS-B/2016/012) and MC thanks FCT for the doctoral grant (SFRH/BD/100889/2014)

Supervisión de la degradación de ovoproducto mediante diodos emisores de luz

La extrema sensibilidad de los ovoproductos al deterioro microbiano hace necesaria la aplicación de un tratamiento térmico que asegure su inocuidad. El hecho de que el tratamiento térmico no asegure la completa erradicación de la flora microbiana junto con la falta de mantenimiento de la cadena de frío a lo largo de la distribución y/o conservación del mismo limita y acorta la vida útil del producto. La degradación microbiana del ovoproducto afecta a ciertas propiedades físicas del mismo cuya alteración puede ser objeto de supervisión mediante técnicas ópticas siendo el objetivo de este trabajo la realización de un estudio preliminar para la supervisión de la degradación de ovoproducto mediante LED con el objeto de hacer una propuesta de implantación en laboratorios de calidad en la industria. Los resultados muestran que en clara líquida pasteurizada el aumento del contenido microbiano a lo largo del tiempo de almacenamiento se correlaciona (con valores de hasta r = 0.97) con el incremento en el nivel de intensidad lumínica detectado en las muestras. En la yema a partir de niveles altos de concentración de microorganismos los fenómenos de turbidez y gelificación se identifican con una disminución en los valores de los parámetros ópticos considerados

Supervision of ovoproducts spoilage with red led light

Heat-treatment of ovoproducts is often required to ensure microbial safety. However, it has been shown that in most microbial species slow heating, or heat shocks may induce a higher heat resistance, that means that it is not possible to remove the microbial flora completely. These microorganisms produce on ovoproducts spoilage especially when the cold chain is broken along the transportation and/or storage. As a result, the life span for the product is shortened. The microbial activity inside the product causes changes in several physical properties, which can be supervised using optical methods. The aim of this work is to monitor the sigmoid behaviour underlying the ovoproduct evolution and spoilage by means of red LED light. For two commercial types of liquid and pasteurized egg white, storage at 9ºC, an average correlation of r=0.94 has been found between microorganism growth and images mean grey level of LED light passing though the sample. The results show that it is possible to develop very simple predictive models taking into account only one optical parameter corresponding to a single LED