The influence of dynamic capabilities on startup growth

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between dynamic service innovation capabilities (DSICs) and startup growth in an emerging country. Design/methodology/approach This paper used a theoretical DSIC model to process data on 137 Brazilian startups, using a stepwise regression. Findings Service startup growth is related to the capability of enterprises to understand market signals, learn from customers and design a scalable, repetitive and profitable business model. Research limitations/implications Despite the innovative nature of startups, this paper found that technological and networking capacities are not a determinant of growth. Practical implications Managers should commit themselves to improve their competence in terms of understanding market signals, even when they already have a consolidated business model, products and service offerings. The findings also function as a warning about the dangers of an excessive focus on technological capabilities. Social implications Innovative startups, which achieve high growth create a disproportionate number of new jobs. Hence, by indicating the dynamic capabilities that are more conducive to firm growth, this paper contributes to society and the economy at large. Originality/value The findings challenge the myth of technological capacity and networking skills as the main sources of startup growth. This paper shows that founders and managers of service startups who want to achieve rapid growth should concentrate more effort on other skills. Marketing competence and building scalable business models – abilities that are common to successful traditional firms – are more relevant for short-term growth than technological innovation

The adhesion control of Listeria monocytogenes on food-processing surfaces by silver ion implantation

Bacterial adhesion to a solid surface is a crucial step in the biofilm process. Listeria monocytogenes can adhere to food-processing surfaces, survive and grow over a wide range of environmental conditions such as refrigeration temperatures and consequently cause severe disease. Several strategies have been developed with the aim to decrease the adherence of bacteria to surfaces, namely the silver ion implantation on surfaces. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the Listeria monocytogenes CECT 4031 T adhesion ability onto four types of AISI 304 and AISI 430 surfaces usually used in food industry, restaurant, and kitchens, and simultaneously to evaluate the influence of the thermodynamics aspects on bacteria adhesion on these different surfaces.Coupons (1 cm-2) were cut from a 1 mm layer of AISI 304 and AISI 430 surfaces (N° 2B, 4 , 6 and 8). The silver ions (Ag+1) were implanted at 200 keV, 1.0 μA.cm-2 and a dose of 2.0×1016 ions.cm-2. All coupons were cleaned by immersion in 0.2% solution of a commercial detergent for 5 min, followed by immersion in ethanol for 15 min. The coupons were twice rising with ultrapure water and dried at 60 °C. Each strain was subcultured in trypticase soy broth (TSB) at 37 ºC in an orbital shaker (120 rpm), overnight. The cells were then harvested by centrifugation at 9000 rpm for 5 min and washed twice with phosphate buffered saline (PBS 0.1M pH 7). The pellets were resuspended in PBS to an inoculum level of 109 CFU.ml-1, determined by optical density. Adhesion assays were performed in sterile 24-well microtiter plates and each well was filled with 970 μl of TSB supplemented with 0.6% (w/v) of yeast extract, 30 μl of cell suspension and the respective coupon. The plates were incubated at 4 ºC for 2 h, with constant agitation at 120 rpm. After incubation, the coupons were washed once with 1.0 ml of minimal medium (MM) to remove non-adherent cells and replaced to a new well and the adhered cells were removed by scrapping on 1.0 ml of MM carefully. The number of viable cells was quantified by colony forming units (CFUs) on trypticase soy agar (TSA). The materials and Listeria cells hydrophobicity properties were evaluated through contact angle measurements and using the approach of van Oss and coworkers. The results showed that the strain used was able to adhere to all materials. It was not found significant differences (p > 0.05) between the means of the L. monocytogenes adhered cells on the twelve surfaces studied. However, the highest mean value of adherence cells occurred to AISI 304 N° 4 (4.78 ± 0.32 log CFU.cm-2) without silver ion implantation (wi) surface. Moreover, it was possible to observe that AISI 430 N° 8 with silver ion implantation (i) (4.29 ± 0.37 log CFU.cm-2) and AISI 430 N° 4 wi (3.60 ± 0.31 log CFU.cm-2) surfaces presentes the lowest means (p < 0.05). Concerning hydrophobicity, silver ion implantation increase the hydrophilicity of the surfaces, except in case of AISI 304 N° 6 (p.> 0.05). Furthermore, the results showed that L. monocytogenes cells are hydrophilic. Moreover, no correlation was observed between the number of adhered cells and substrate surface hydrophobicity, despite of the highest number of bacteria cells adhered mainly occured on surfaces with highest water contact angle value. The contact time between microorganism and silver implantated stainless steel surfaces seems not to be enough to confer antimicrobial activity. So, we consider that more studies are necessary to evaluate the effective effect of silver as antimicrobial agent to control the adhesion of L. monocytogenes cells and biofilms formation. As future work, we will study the effect of silver ion as antimicrobial different time periods

ANALISE CINÉTICA DO MOVIMENTO TWIST COM UTILIZAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES TÊNIS E CADÊNCIAS

Os professores de hidroginástica estão expostos a atividades que podem repercutir negativamente em seu sistema músculo-esquelético devido ao impacto durante a demonstração dos exercícios. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a força de reação do solo durante a demonstração do movimento de hidroginástica twist utilizando-se diferentes tênis (sem e com sistema de amortecimento no calcanhar) e diferentes cadências de execução (134 e 140 bpm). Participaram do estudo 12 professoras de hidroginástica que realizaram o movimento estudado nas diferentes situações experimentais. Para obtenção dos dados foi utilizada uma plataforma de força OR6-6 AMTI (Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc). Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de diferenças entre médias. A força máxima vertical (Fzmáx) e o gradiente de crescimento (CG) apresentaram valores estatisticamente diferentes e maiores nas cadências 134 bpm (

Influence of different thermopolymerization methods on composite resin microhardness

Background: Additional heat polymerization in composite resins allows greater effective ness of microhardness, flexural strength, fracture tough ness, wear resistance, and increased color stability.Material and Methods: 150 composite resin specimens were made using a 4 mm diameter and 2 mm thick bipartite steel matrix. Five resins composed of different compositions were tested (Brilliant Everglow/Coltene, Filtek One BulkFill/3M, Filtek P60/3M, Filtek Z350XT/3M, Filtek Z250XT/3M), and for each of them three types of polyme-rization were tested: light curing only (n=50); photopolymerization + autoclave thermopolymerization (n=50) and photopolymerization + microwave thermopolymerization (n=50). Each specimen was submitted to three indenta-tions by means of the Vickers microhardness test, applying a load of 300gf, associated with the time of 15s. Data were analyzed descriptively by means of statistics, standard deviation and coefficient of variation and inferentially by the F test (ANOVA) in the comparison between groups. The margin of error used in statistical test decisions was 5%.Results: The highest vicker microhardness averages were from the Control group (light curing only) on P60 (82.16) and Z250 XT (79.61) resins. The lowest averages were all verified on Brilliant Everglow resin in all polymerization methods studied: Photopolymerization (37.32), with microwave (43.80) and autoclave (45.12), followed by Bulk Fill 3M resin, ranged from 52.23 to 59.15.Conclusions: Both autoclave and microwave thermopolymerization methods showed similar behavior on the mi-crohardness of the composites studied. Considering the resin type, there was a varied behavior compared to thermo-polymerization, which increased the microhardness values for Brilliant Everglow resins (Coltene) and Filtek One Bulkfill (3M) and decreased for Filtek P60, Filtek Z350XT and Filtek Z250XT resins

Modelagem da intenção empreendedora como preditora da inovação frugal em estudantes universitários

This study aimed to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial intention (EI) on the frugal innovation (FI) dimensions: open innovation (OI), sustainable innovation (SI), cost innovation (CI) and product innovation (PI), in the university context under the students’ perception. The quantitative approach and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for a sample of 694 undergraduate students at a Brazilian university. The analyzes confirmed a positive relationship between entrepreneurial intention and open innovation (H1); entrepreneurial intention and sustainable innovation (H2); entrepreneurial intention and cost innovation (H3); entrepreneurial intention and product innovation (H4). Thus, it was found that EI-FI is useful to demonstrate the degree that the student intends to undertake in a future moment, guided by the low cost technologies (CI) process, listed in new social and institutional structures (OI), which insert quality products and services (PI), using fewer resources (SI). As limitations, it is considered the lack of behavioral studies on the intention to undertake innovations, mainly in frugal innovations. Finally, it is recommended to carry out theoretical studies that contribute to the conceptualization, terminologies and attributes of frugal innovations.Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da intenção empreendedora nas dimensões de inovação frugal: inovação aberta, inovação sustentável, inovação de custos e inovação de produtos, no contexto universitário sob a percepção de alunos de graduação. Utilizou-se a abordagem quantitativa e modelagem de equações estruturais para uma amostra de 694 estudantes de graduação em uma universidade brasileira. As análises confirmaram uma relação positiva entre a intenção empreendedora e a inovação aberta (H1); intenção empreendedora e inovação sustentável (H2); intenção empreendedora e inovação em custo (H3); intenção empreendedora e inovação de produtos (H4). Assim, constatou-se que a relação intenção empreendedora com inovação frugal é útil para demonstrar o grau que o estudante tem a firme intenção de empreender em um momento futuro, direcionado pelo processo de tecnologias de baixo custo, elencadas a novas estruturas sociais e institucionais, que inserem produtos e serviços de qualidade, utilizando menos recursos. Enquanto limitações, considera-se a falta de estudos comportamentais sobre a intenção de empreender em inovações, principalmente em inovações frugais. Por fim, recomenda-se a realização de estudos teóricos que contribuam para a conceituação, terminologias e atributos de inovações frugais

Influence of sensorial systems on force plate: study of postural balance in aged women with and without dizziness complaints

OBJETIVO: analisar as respostas de dois grupos de idosas (com e sem queixa de tontura) submetidas a diferentes condições sensoriais em uma plataforma de força. MÉTODOS: para a realização desse estudo utilizou-se uma plataforma de força AMTI OR6-5 com uma frequência de aquisição de 100 Hz. Foram realizadas coletas em quatro condições distintas: olhos abertos (OA), olhos fechados (OF) sobre apenas a plataforma de força, olhos abertos (OAA) e olhos fechados (OFA) sobre uma almofada de 20 cm de espessura. As variáveis analisadas foram o centro de força ântero-posterior (COPap), centro de força médio-lateral (COPml), 95% da elipse da área, velocidade de oscilação e comprimento da oscilação.Comparações entre os grupos e entre as condições dentro dos grupos, foram realizadas por meio do teste de Duncan. RESULTADOS: os resultados mostraram não haver diferenças entre os grupos em nenhuma variável, porém a condição OFA causou maiores perturbações no equilíbrio corporal das idosas. CONCLUSÃO: conclui-se que o aumento da dificuldade imposta pelas quatro condições de testes, alterou a oscilação corporal das idosas avaliadas.PURPOSE: to analyze the responses of two groups of aged women (with and without dizziness complaints) under different sensorial conditions on a force platform. METHODS: to analyze the data used is a force platform AMTI OR6-6 under a frequency of 100 Hz. Samples were collected in four different conditions, which are, as it follows: open eyes (OE), closed eyes (CE) only on the force platform, open eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE) on a cushion of 20 cm thickness. The examined variables were the anterior-posterior center of power (COPap), center of medium-strength side (COPml), 95% of the ellipse area, length and speed of oscillation. Comparisons were made between the group and between conditions within groups, through the test of Duncan. RESULTS: results showed no differences among the groups in any variable, but the CE condition caused the greatest disruption as for the elderly women. CONCLUSION: we may conclude that the increase in the difficulty imposed by the four assessed conditions, changed the body oscillation of the evaluated elderly women

Analysis of body dysmorphic disorders and associated factors in adults practicing strength training

O presente estudo verificou e comparou a prevalência de dismorfia muscular em praticantes de treinamento de força de duas cidades da região sul do Brasil (POA e CXS). 154 indivíduos (30,4 ±6,5 anos) que treinavam há pelo menos 24 meses com frequência mínima de 3x / semana foram avaliados por meio do índice de massa corporal, da Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale, Drive for MuscularityScale, Questionário do Complexo de Adônis e Escala de Coluna de 9 Silhuetas. Na avaliação de indícios de vigorexia, o Questionário do Complexo de Adônis e Escala de Coluna de 9 Silhuetas demonstraram diferenças na pontuação total da Escala de Coluna de 9 Silhuetas (p<0,01), mas não na avaliação qualitativa. Através da mesma escala, ambos os grupos demonstraram indícios elevados de vigorexia (42% POA -28% CXS). A Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale demonstrou diferença em 3 dos 5 domínios, além do escore total, onde o grupo POA foi superior na satisfação muscular (p=0,03) e o grupo CXS no uso de substâncias (p<0,01) e lesões (p=0,02), além do escore total (p=0,04). Na Drive for Muscularity Scale os resultados demonstraram diferenças relevantes (p<0,01), com pontuação superior para CXS no comportamento orientado pela muscularidade e na imagem corporal orientada pela muscularidade, além do escore total. Assim, os resultados permitiram verificar que ambas as cidades estudadas possuem elevada prevalência de dismorfia muscular e dependência de exercício físico. Além disso, o grupo CXS apresentou maior uso de substâncias para ganho de massa muscular.The present study verified and compared the prevalence of muscular dysmorphia in strength training practitioners from two cities in southern Brazil(POA and CXS). 154 individuals (30.4 ±6.5 years) who had been training for at least 24 months with a minimum frequency of 3x / week were assessed using the body mass index, the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale, Drive for Muscularity Scale, Complexity Questionnaire Adonis and Column Scale of 9 Silhouettes. In the assessment of signs of vigorexia, the Adonis Complex Questionnaire and 9 Silhouettes Column Scale showed differences in the total score of the 9 Silhouettes Column Scale (p<0.01), but not in the qualitative assessment. Through the same scale, both groups showed high signs of vigorexia (42% POA -28% CXS).The Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale showed a difference in 3 of the 5 domains, in addition to the total score, where the POA group was superior in muscle satisfaction (p=0.03) and the CXS group in substance use (p<0.01) and injuries (p=0.02), in addition to the total score (p=0.04). In the Drive for Muscularity Scale, the results showed relevant differences (p<0.01), with a higher score for CXS in the behavior guided by muscularity and in body image guided by muscularity, in addition to the total score. Thus, the results showed that both regions studied have a high prevalence of muscular dysmorphia and dependence on physical exercise. In addition, the CXS group showed greater use of substances to gain muscle mass

Corporal balance and physical exercises: an investigation in elderly women who practice different exercise modalities

Life expectancy has been progressively increasing, which implies in an increase in the number of elderly individuals. As a consequence, several types of physical activities are offered to this population, aiming at improving some physical qualities. One of those qualities is corporal balance, which has been largely studied due to its association with many diseases that can affect the elderly. Thus, this study compared a group of elderly women that regularly practiced hydrogymnastics with sedentary ones. Fifty-one (51) elderly women with a mean age of 63.26 ± 9.63 years participated in the study group. Balance was evaluated through kinetic assessment, using an AMTI OR6-5 force platform (Advanced Mechanical Technologies, Inc.) at a frequency of 100 Hz. The analyzed variables were the amplitude of the force center displacement and the mean force center displacement in the anteroposterior and midlateral directions. The statistic analysis used the descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk’s test and the Kruskal-Wallis test with a level of significance of 5%. The results showed statistically significant differences in the midlateral direction, both in range and the mean force center displacement between the groups. Thus, it is possible to conclude that there were differences regarding the balance in the midlateral direction and less instability was observed in the group of elderly women that practiced physical exercises.Atualmente a expectativa de vida vem crescendo ano após ano, caracterizando um aumento no número de idosos. Com isso, diversos tipos de atividades físicas são ofertadas para essa população objetivando melhoras em algumas qualidades físicas. Uma dessas qualidades é o equilíbrio corporal, que vem sendo bastante estudado, em virtude de estar relacionado com diversas doenças que podem afligir os idosos. Com isso, esse estudo comparou mulheres idosas praticantes de hidroginástica, ginástica e mulheres idosas sedentárias. Fizeram parte do grupo de estudo 51 mulheres idosas com idade de 63,26 ± 9,63 anos. O equilíbrio foi coletado através da avaliação cinética, sendo utilizada uma plataforma de força OR6-5 AMTI (Advanced Mechanical Technologies, Inc.) a uma freqüência de 100 Hz. As variáveis analisadas foram a amplitude do deslocamento do centro de força e o deslocamento médio do centro de força na nas direções ântero posterior e médio-lateral. Para análise estatística utilizou-se a descritiva, teste de Shapiro-Wilk e o teste Kruskal-Wallis com nível de significância utilizado de 5%. Os resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas direções médio-lateral, tanto na amplitude quanto no deslocamento médio do centro de força entre os grupos. Conclui-se deste estudo que ocorreram diferenças no equilíbrio na direção médio-lateral, sendo que menores instabilidades foram encontradas nas idosas praticantes de ginástica