Sraštenost prstiju uz istodobnu višestruku nerazvijenost mekuši na sve četiri noge sa sekundarnom kontrakturom duboke fleksorne tetive u šteneta.

A 2-month-old, 7 kg, male Belgian shepherd Malinois was presented for evaluation of simple and complete syndactyly a nd metacarpal/tarsal pad agenesis in all four limbs, as well as deep digital flexor tendon contracture in the left thoracic and right pelvic limbs. A deep digital flexor tenotomy (digits 2 to 5) was initially performed at the level of the proximal and middle phalanges in the left thoracic limb. Pelvic limb surgery was not performed because the puppy showed less severe signology in this limb and to evaluate the consequences of the thoracic limb surgery. The patient responded partially, and was then treated with a subsequent bilateral tenotomy made more proximal to the previously described, at the level of the lateral lumbrical muscles in the left thoracic and right pelvic limbs. At 7-month post-operative examination, the patient had minimal lameness, especially regarding concurrent syndactyly and pad agenesis of all extremities that was not treated.U radu je iznesen opis i procjena stanja u dvomjesečnog, 7 kg teškog šteneta, belgijskog Malinois ovčara, s jednostavnom i potpunom sraštenošću prstiju, nerazvijenim metakarpalnim/metatarzalnim mekušina na sve 4 noge te s kontrakturama duboke digitalne fleksorne tetive na lijevoj prednjoj i desnoj stražnjoj nozi. U slučaju prve lijeve noge obavljeno je presjecanje duboke digitalne fleksorne tetive (2. do 5. prsta) na razini gornje i srednje falange. Operacija stražnje noge nije obavljena jer je štene na tom ekstremitetu pokazivalo manje izražene simptome, a željelo se prvo i procjeniti učinke zahvata na prednjoj nozi. Stanje pacijenta djelomično se poboljšalo, stoga je naknadno provedeno bilateralno presijecanje tetiva na mjestu iznad prethodne operacije, na razini lateralnih lumbrikalnih mišića prednje lijeve i stražnje desne noge. Postoperativnom kontrolom nakon 7 mjeseci, kod pacijenta je utvrđena minimalna šepavost, posebice vezana za neliječenu popratnu sraštenost prstiju i nerazvijenost mekuši na svim ekstremitetima

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Gastroesophageal reflux in anesthetized dogs: a review

Gastroesophageal reflux can be a catastrophic illness in small animals during anesthesia since its complications can cause serious pathologies, such as esophagitis, esophageal stenosis and aspiration pneumonia. With an incidence from 12 to 78.5% in anesthetized dogs, gastroesophageal reflux is normally silent during anesthesia and will be notices only if regurgitation occurs and stomach acid is present in the nasal or oral cavities. In humans, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a well-defined pathology where the lower esophageal sphincter has a sustained weakness. However, in dogs, gastroesophageal reflux disease as such is not well established, if at all; it has only been described as gastroesophagic reflux, occurring principally in anesthetized animals. There are several factors influencing the presentation of reflux in anesthetized dogs, which may be inherent to the patient (e.g. age, sex, breed, weight, or body condition), medications used prior to and during anesthesia, type of surgery or position of the animal during surgery. The objective of this review is to discuss a series of conditions that could predispose dogs to gastroesophageal reflux during anesthesia and to assist in the prevention and diagnosis of this condition

Possible Association between Selected Tick-Borne Pathogen Prevalence and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato Infestation in Dogs from Juarez City (Chihuahua), Northwest Mexico–US Border

Tick-borne bacterial pathogens (TBBPs) show a worldwide distribution and represent a great impact on public health. The brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) is a vector of several pathogens that affect dogs and sometimes humans as well. In addition, TBBPs represent a diagnostic challenge and imply financial resources and medical treatment for long periods of time. In the present study, R. sanguineus s. l. was identified as the main tick species naturally parasitizing dogs that inhabit. Juárez City, Chihuahua, in the Paso del Norte region, Mexico–US Border, representing 99.8% of the cases. Additionally, an end-point PCR was performed to search for whether pathogens in R. sanguineus s. l. can transmit in DNA extracted from ticks and dog blood samples. This is the first molecular detection of Rickettsia rickettsi infecting domestic dogs in Mexico; however, other pathogens were also identified, such as Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in both ticks and dog blood samples, while Anaplasma phagocytophilum was identified only in dog blood samples. Moreover, co-detection in tick pools and co-infection in the analyzed dog blood samples could be found. Similarly, this research showed that dogs were found mostly parasitized by adult female ticks, increasing the possibility of transmission of E. canis