Gruber, Wenzel

Lemma su un autore bavarese di una cronaca familiare tedesca del XV secolo

R\ufcsch, Niclaus

Lemma su uno scrivano della citt\ue0 di Basilea del XV sec. autore di una cronaca delle Guerre borgognone

Il discorso paremiografico di Mephostophiles nella Historia von D. Johann Fausten

Analisi dei proverbi che costituiscono il discorso di Mephostophiles a Faustus nel cap. 65 del Volksbuch Historia von D. Johann Fausten (1587). Si tratta in gran parte di proverbi e locuzioni di origine colta o biblica che, intrecciati nel discorso, fanno emergere la stoltezza di Faustus. Il discorso del demonio pu\uf2 essere letto sia in senso letterale che in chiave metaforica

Bossi, Donato

Lemma su un notaio del XV sec. autore di una cronaca di Milano in latino

Cronica di Milano

Lemma su una cronaca del XV sec. della citt\ue0 di Milano

Il lapidario di Sankt Florian : edizione sinottica dei codici Sankt Florian XI 37 e Berlino Germ. Fol. 944

Il codice di St. Florian, gi\ue0 noto ai filologi, \ue8 qui editato in forma sinottica con il codice di Berlino individuato dalla curatrice. L'edizione \ue8 corredata di apparato critico e di traduzione italiana. L'introduzione contiene una descrizione codicologica e grafica dei manoscritti e storico-dialettale del bavarese del XV sec. in cui sono redatti i due testimoni

Photosensitization and mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the use of ALA derivatives in photodynamic therapy

The use of more lipophilic derivatives of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is expected to have better diffusing properties, and after conversion into the parent ALA, to reach a higher protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) formation rate, thus improving the efficacy of topical photodynamic therapy (PDT). Here we have analysed the behaviour of 3 ALA derivatives (ALA methyl-ester, hexyl ester and a 2-sided derivative) regarding PPIX formation, efficiency in photosensitizing cells and mechanism of cellular death. The maximum amount of porphyrins synthesized from 0.6 mM ALA was 47 ± 8 ng/105 cells. The same amount was formed by a concentration 60-fold lower of hexyl-ALA and 2-fold higher of methyl-ALA. The 2-sided derivative failed to produce PPIX accumulation. Applying a 0.6 J cm−2 light dose, cell viability decreased to 50%. With the 1.5 J cm−2 light dose, less than 20% of the cells survive, and higher light doses produced nearly total cell killing. Comparing the PPIX production and the induced phototoxicity, the more the amount of porphyrins, the greater the cellular killing, and PPIX formed from either ALA or ALA-esters equally sensitize the cells to photoinactivation. ALA-PDT treated cells exhibited features of apoptosis, independently on the pro-photosensitizer employed. ALA-PDT can be improved with the use of ALA derivatives, reducing the amount of ALA necessary to induce efficient photosensitization. ©2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co

Decrease in Mitochondrial Complex I Activity in Ischemic/Reperfused Rat Heart

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered an important factor in ischemia/reperfusion injury to cardiac myocytes. Mitochondrial respiration is an important source of ROS production and hence a potential contributor to cardiac reperfusion injury. In this study, we have examined the effect of ischemia and ischemia followed by reperfusion of rat hearts on various parameters related to mitochondrial function, such as complex I activity, oxygen consumption, ROS production, and cardiolipin content. The activity of complex I was reduced by 25% and 48% in mitochondria isolated from ischemic and reperfused rat heart, respectively, compared with the controls. These changes in complex I activity were associated with parallel changes in state 3 respiration. The capacity of mitochondria to produce H 2 O 2 increased on reperfusion. The mitochondrial content of cardiolipin, which is required for optimal activity of complex I, decreased by 28% and 50% as function of ischemia and reperfusion, respectively. The lower complex I activity in mitochondria from reperfused rat heart could be completely restored to the level of normal heart by exogenous added cardiolipin. This effect of cardiolipin could not be replaced by other phospholipids nor by peroxidized cardiolipin. It is proposed that the defect in complex I activity in ischemic/reperfused rat heart could be ascribed to a ROS-induced cardiolipin damage. These findings may provide an explanation for some of the factors responsible for myocardial reperfusion injury

La tradizione gnomica nelle letterature germaniche medievali

The book is a collection of essays on the gnomic tradition in medieval Germanic literatures. The first essay discusses the most recent research on phraseology and paremiology, while the following texts analyse didascalic elements focusing on linguistic, literary, and socio-cultural issues. The genres considered include riddles, laws, maxims and proverbs, as well as poems, elegies and mystical treatises. The linguistic areas span over Old and Middle English, Middle German, Middle Dutch, and Old Frisian, with references to contacts with the Nordic region. The various gnomic microtexts prove capable of spreading into different cultural milieus, either individually or as part of larger works. Stylistic devices and contents are common to all European areas, thus demonstrating the close bonds of the Germanic world with the classical and biblical-Christian traditions