Review: Microbial degradation of toluene

Zephirus environment is polluted by the toluene from profuse range industries. In spite of positive potential application, toluene results in many mishaps especially health hazards; hence amputation of toluene is crucial for human welfare as well as environmental issues. This review deals with destruction of toluene using microbial degradation. The overall aerobic biodegradation of toluene into carbon dioxide, water and biomass by bacteria, fungi and mixed culture has been studied comprehensively. Biodegradation technique has a promising prospective for the reason that it results in effective and economical treatment than traditional techniques. The amputation of toluene contributes to an assortment of various techniques utilized at various levels of investigation which are characterized based on quantification techniques. A comparison of the removal capacity based on continuous and batch mode of operations was studied proficiently. This methodology opens up a window for future exploration in field of biodegradation of toluene.Key words: Toluene, biodegradation, microorganism, health hazards, bioreactor

Extracting Fetal ECG from a Single Maternal Abdominal Record

This work presents the variations of photoplethysmogram (ECG) morphology with age. ECG measurement is done noninvasively at the index finger on both right and left hands for a sample of erectile dysfunction (ED) subjects. Some parameters are derived from the analysis of ECG contour showed in association with age. The age is found to be an important factor that affects the contour of ECG signals which accelerates the disappearance of ECG’s dicrotic notch and ECG’s inflection point as well. Arterial compliance is found to be degraded with age due to the fall of arterial elasticity. This study approaches the establishment of usefulness of ECG’s contour analysis as an investigator to the changes in the elastic properties of the vascular system, and as a detector of early sub-clinical atherosclerosis

Breathing straws

Following nasal, septal or endoscopic surgery, it is common practice to insert nasal packs in both nasal cavities to achieve haemostasis, if there has been any bleeding at the end of the procedure. However, such packs make it difficult for patients to breathe, mainly in the first post-operative night which leads to discomfort and poor sleep. To enable patients to breathe better with nasal packs in situ, we describe a simple technique using trimmed straws and wrapped Netcell® packs for post-operative care following septal surgery, rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery. These packs also assist suction of any blood or mucous from the post-nasal spac

Comparative prospective randomized open label trial of synbiotic (bifilac) as an add on therapy with standard treatment in patients with aphthous ulcer

Background: To trial the safety, efficacy and rapidity of response to a lozenges containing synbiotic in patients with minor aphthous ulcer.Methods: A total of 60 patients were enrolled for the trial after obtaining IEC approval and randomly allocated into two groups. Control “Group A” was administered with conventional treatment i.e., zytee and B complex for 2 weeks and trial “Group B” was administered with Bifilac along with conventional treatment for 2 weeks. The results of this trial were analyzed both subjectively and objectively.Results: Comparing with control group, where standard treatment was used with analgesics and B-complex, the trial group showed a quick relief of pain and helped in reducing mean size of ulcer.Conclusions: This trial was done with synbiotic lozenges in minor aphthous ulcers and it proved to be better alternative for them. Moreover, synbiotics have no adverse effects

Modeling and Control of Negative output Triple-Lift Luo Converter Using Fuzzy Logic Controller

The voltage lift technique is a popular method widely applied in electronic circuit design. Since the effect of parasitic elements limits the output voltage and power transfer efficiency of DC-DC converters, the voltage lift technique improve circuit characteristics. This technique has been successfully applied for DC-DC converters resulting Luo converters.nbsp Negative output Triple-Lift Luo converters are another series of new DC-DC step-up (boost) converters, which were developed from elementary Luo converter using the voltage lift technique. Triple lift LUO circuit is derived from negative output elementary Luo converter by adding the lift circuit three times. These converters perform positive to negative DC-DC voltage-increasing conversion with high power density, high efficiency and cheap topology in simple structure. Since the power electronic converters become very complex, soft computing techniques are proper choice for controlling these systems. The classical control methods employed to design the controllers for Luo converters depend on the operating point so that it is very difficult to select control parameters because of the presence of parasitic elements, time varying loads and variable supply voltages. Conventional controllers require a good knowledge of the system and accurate tuning in order to obtain the desired performances. A Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) which is one of the soft computing technique has been developed for the control of Triple-Lift converter to achievenbsp good dynamic performances i.e. minimum value of rise time, settling time and peak overshoot in the presence of input voltage variations and load changes and invariant dynamic performance in the presence of varying operating conditions. The proposed technique is evaluated on a Luo converter under different operating conditions by using MATLAB - SIMULINK software. The results are presented and analysed

Rotation Effects on Unsteady Flow Past an Accelerated Isothermal Vertical Plate With Variable Mass Transfer in the Presence of Chemical Reaction of First Order

An exact analysis of rotation effects on unsteady flow of an incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past a uniformly accelerated infinite isothermal vertical plate with variable mass diffusion, under the action of transversely applied magnetic field has been presented. The plate temperature is raised to Tw and the concentration level near the plate is raised linearly with time. The dimensionless governing equations are solved using Laplace-transform technique. The velocity profiles, temperature and concentration are studied for different physical parameters like magnetic field parameter, chemical reaction parameter, thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number, Schmidt number, Prandtl number and time. It is observed that the velocity increases with increasing values of thermal Grashof number or mass Grashof number. It is also observed that the velocity increases with decreasing magnetic field parameter or rotation parameter Ω

ICAR: endoscopic skull‐base surgery

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Am J Prev Med

CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States2017-02-19T00:00:00Z26456878PMC531651

Modern Genomic Tools for Pigeonpea Improvement: Status and Prospects

Pigeonpea owing to its ability to sustain harsh environment and limited input/water requirement remains an excellent remunerative crop in the face of increasing climatic adversities. With nearly 70% share in global pigeonpea production, India is the leading pigeonpea producing country. Since the mid-1900s, constant research efforts directed to improve yield and resistance levels of pigeonpea have resulted in the development and deployment of several commercially accepted cultivars in India, accommodating into diverse agro-climatic zones. However, the crop productivity needs incremental improvements in order to meet the growing nutritional demands, especially in developing countries like India where pigeonpea forms a dominant part of vegetarian diet. Empowering crop improvement strategies with genomic tool kit is imperative to attain the project gains in crop yield. In the context, adoption of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has helped establish a wide range of genomic resources to support pigeonpea breeding, and the existing molecular tool kit includes genome-wide genetic markers, transcriptome/genome assemblies, and candidate genes/QTLs for target traits. Similarly, availability of whole mitochondrial genome sequence and derived DNA markers is immensely relevant in order to furthering the understanding of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system and hybrid breeding. This chapter covers the progress of developing modern genomic resources in pigeonpea and highlights their vital role in designing future crop breeding schemes