Oral tradition in the study of ulayat land disputes in West Sumatra

Land is a society’s potent symbol of wealth, social power, and culture. A long time ago, when extensive jungles and forests still abounded, there were probably no serious conflicts over land ownership. Groups were free to roam about and to open up land to extend their farming area in accordance to their needs. Groups in society marked the land they had cultivated to proclaim their ownership. These marks could be very simple and could simply be a tree, a big stone, or a piece of iron hammered into the soil, or they used the physical condition of the land itself such as rivers, lakes, hills etcetera as borders to distinguish their land from that of others. Minangkabau traditional society never recorded these borders in writing on paper, leaves, or stones or any other means as many peoples in other parts of the world do. Rather, they deemed it sufficient to use natural symbols to demarcate the important agreements they had made between them orally

Nagari Boundary Conflict in West Sumatera: A Case Study of Nagari Sumpur and Bungo Tanjung

Communal land boundary conflict between Nagari Sumpur and Bungo Tanjung has been occurring for more than 100 years. Certainly, the conflict that occurs at communal land border reaches a crisis point that leads to aggression such as murder, theft of farm products, coercion lease relationship which exacerbates social relationship. The aims of this research are to identify the guidelines of each Nagari regarding communal land ownership in the boundary region...

DISFUNGSI KESENIAN GAMAD DAN BALANSE MADAM DI SUMATERA BARAT

Gamad music and Balanse Madam dance are no longer popular among the people of West Sumatra. This art was created by an art movement from Nias who lived in the city of Padang in the early 18th century. Balanse Madam art was popular in the 1960s to 1980s. The specialty of this art is that it adopted the music and dance of the Portuguese who loved to party when they traded spices on the West Sumatra coast in the 18th century. The Balanse madam dance was later imitated by Nias workers who later adapted it to the values of the people of West Sumatra. The music that accompanies the Balanse Madam dance is Gamad music (Inter-Regional Music Association) combining various musical instruments of various ethnicities living in the city of Padang such as Minangkabau, Medan and Malay regional music. However, this art, both Gamad music and Balanse Madam dance, are no longer alive in society. Various factors, both internal and external, have caused this art to be rarely performed. As for this article, it will be analyzed using the concept of dysfunction. As for this article, it will be analyzed using the concept of dysfunction.  AbstrakMusik Gamad dan Tari Balanse Madam sudah tidak populer lagi di kalangan masyarakat Sumatera Barat. Kesenian ini diciptakan oleh sebuah gerakan seni dari Nias yang bermukim di kota Padang pada awal abad ke-18. Seni Balanse Madam populer pada tahun 1960 hingga 1980-an. Keistimewaan kesenian ini adalah mengadopsi musik dan tarian bangsa Portugis yang gemar berpesta saat berdagang rempah-rempah di pesisir Sumatera Barat pada abad ke-18. Tari Balanse Madam ini kemudian ditiru oleh para pekerja Nias yang kemudian disesuaikan dengan nilai-nilai masyarakat Sumatera Barat. Musik yang mengiringi tari Balanse Madam adalah musik Gamad yang memadukan berbagai alat musik dari berbagai etnis yang tinggal di kota Padang seperti musik daerah Minangkabau, Medan dan melayu. Namun kesenian ini, baik musik Gamad maupun tari Balanse Madam, sudah tidak hidup lagi di masyarakat. Berbagai faktor baik internal maupun eksternal menyebabkan kesenian ini jarang dipentaskan. Adapun artikel ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan konsep disfungsi. 

EKSISTENSI TRADISI BANTUAN GERABAT DALAM PERNIKAHAN DI DESA TANJUNG DAYANG SELATAN

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis eksistensi tradisi, pro, dankontra, tradisi bantuan gerabat pada masyarakat dalam acarapernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatan. jenis penelitian yangdigunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi,yang merupakan penelitian yang didasari dari pengalaman subjektifatau fenomenologikal yang dialami pada diri individu. Lokasi yangdipilih pada penelitian ini adalah salah satu kabupaten di provinsiSumatera Selatan yaitu Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, kemudian lokasi persisnyaadalah di Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah tradisibantuan gerabat dalam pernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatanmerupakan tradisi turun-temurun dari nenek moyang. Yang memilikinilai sosial yang tinggi, gotong royong dan kekeluargaan yang kentaldari tradisi tersebut. Terjadinya perubahan nilai dan makna dari tradisibantuan gerabat yang disebabkan oleh status sosial, ekonomi dan lainsebagainya. Sehingga akhirnya mengakibatkan terjadinya konflik antarpelaku (pemberi dan penerima bantuan) yang tidak kunjungterselesaikan sehingga harus melibatkan pemerintahan desa dalammelakukan mediasi.Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis eksistensi tradisi, pro, dan kontra, tradisi bantuan gerabat pada masyarakat dalam acara  pernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatan. jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, yang merupakan penelitian yang didasari dari pengalaman subjektif atau fenomenologikal yang dialami pada diri individu. Lokasi yang dipilih pada penelitian ini adalah salah satu kabupaten di provinsi Sumatera Selatan yaitu Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, kemudian lokasi persisnya adalah di Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah tradisi bantuan gerabat dalam pernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatan merupakan tradisi turun-temurun dari nenek moyang. Yang memiliki nilai sosial yang tinggi, gotong royong dan kekeluargaan yang kental dari tradisi tersebut. Terjadinya perubahan nilai dan makna dari tradisi bantuan gerabat yang disebabkan oleh status sosial, ekonomi dan lain sebagainya. Sehingga akhirnya mengakibatkan terjadinya konflik antar pelaku (pemberi dan penerima bantuan) yang tidak kunjung terselesaikan sehingga harus melibatkan pemerintahan desa dalam melakukan medias

EKSISTENSI TRADISI BANTUAN GERABAT DALAM PERNIKAHAN DI DESA TANJUNG DAYANG SELATAN

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis eksistensi tradisi, pro, dankontra, tradisi bantuan gerabat pada masyarakat dalam acarapernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatan. jenis penelitian yangdigunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi,yang merupakan penelitian yang didasari dari pengalaman subjektifatau fenomenologikal yang dialami pada diri individu. Lokasi yangdipilih pada penelitian ini adalah salah satu kabupaten di provinsiSumatera Selatan yaitu Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, kemudian lokasi persisnyaadalah di Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah tradisibantuan gerabat dalam pernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatanmerupakan tradisi turun-temurun dari nenek moyang. Yang memilikinilai sosial yang tinggi, gotong royong dan kekeluargaan yang kentaldari tradisi tersebut. Terjadinya perubahan nilai dan makna dari tradisibantuan gerabat yang disebabkan oleh status sosial, ekonomi dan lainsebagainya. Sehingga akhirnya mengakibatkan terjadinya konflik antarpelaku (pemberi dan penerima bantuan) yang tidak kunjungterselesaikan sehingga harus melibatkan pemerintahan desa dalammelakukan mediasi.Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis eksistensi tradisi, pro, dan kontra, tradisi bantuan gerabat pada masyarakat dalam acara  pernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatan. jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, yang merupakan penelitian yang didasari dari pengalaman subjektif atau fenomenologikal yang dialami pada diri individu. Lokasi yang dipilih pada penelitian ini adalah salah satu kabupaten di provinsi Sumatera Selatan yaitu Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, kemudian lokasi persisnya adalah di Kecamatan Indralaya Selatan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah tradisi bantuan gerabat dalam pernikahan di Desa Tanjung Dayang Selatan merupakan tradisi turun-temurun dari nenek moyang. Yang memiliki nilai sosial yang tinggi, gotong royong dan kekeluargaan yang kental dari tradisi tersebut. Terjadinya perubahan nilai dan makna dari tradisi bantuan gerabat yang disebabkan oleh status sosial, ekonomi dan lain sebagainya. Sehingga akhirnya mengakibatkan terjadinya konflik antar pelaku (pemberi dan penerima bantuan) yang tidak kunjung terselesaikan sehingga harus melibatkan pemerintahan desa dalam melakukan medias

The Development of the Module of Educational Semi-Comic Anti-Corruption Integrated in PPKN Learning for Junior High School Students

The paper aims to develop an Integrated Anti-Corruption Education Comic Module and to find out the effectiveness of the semi-comic integrated anti-corruption education module in Civics learning for class VII students at SMPN 19 Kerinci. This type of research is Research and Development. The population in this study were all students of class VII at SMP Negeri 19 Kerinci. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The product will be validated by experts and tested on class VII students at SMP Negeri 19 Kerinci. Qualitative data were obtained through observation, written responses, and suggestions, while quantitative data were obtained from questionnaires and tests. The practicality of the module is determined based on the response of the teacher and students. Based on considerations consisting of three students who have high, medium, and low abilities (individual evaluation) and one class of students in class VII SMP Negeri 19 Kerinci (large scale trial). Data collection instruments consisted of observation sheets, questionnaire sheets, and question sheets. The results showed that the results of the validity of media experts were 93%, material experts 91%, and linguists 90%, with very valid categories. As for the practicality test, with an average of 91.5 in the very practical category. For effectiveness, the data source is obtained from the learning outcomes of students before and after using the semi-comic module. The pre-test results obtained an average of 46, and during the post-test, it increased to 94. The results of this research and development can conclude that the use of the module semi-comic anti-corruption education integrated into PPKN learning for class VII students at SMP Negeri 19 Kerinci is appropriate

FAKTOR PENYEBAB KONFLIK TANAH ULAYAT ANTARA PELADANG PENDATANG VS MASYARAKAT ADAT DI DESA TAMIAI KABUPATEN KERINCI

The level of conflict between local inhabitants and settlers in the village of Tamiai, Kerinci regency is quite high. The causes of the conflicts are also varied, ranging from local elections, village sentiments, claims for the ownership of ulayat lands. The last conflict, ulayat lands, has been occurring for more than two years, which reached its critical period in March 2018 when 72 motorcycles were burned and several people injured and hospitalized. The conflict was triggered by unsatisfactory decision made by two parties, locals and sttlers, in overcoming the problem of ownership claim upon ulayat lands which has been used for years by settlers. In this case the costumary institution was unable to provide a win-win solution for both parties. Throughout this paper, we will show how the local government should take more initiative for conducting dialogue among both parties. A crucial role of the local government in replacing the position of costumary institution in overcoming the conflict should be a good lesson learned for other similar cases. Tingkat konflik antar warga, khususnya antara pendatang dan warga lokaldi Kabupaten Kerinci bisa dikatakan cukup tinggi. Penyebab terjadinya konflik tersebut juga bermacam-macam, seperti: konflik pemilu, konflik perkelahian antar desa serta konflik perebutan tanah ulayat. Konflik tanah ulayat sendiri sudah berlangsung selama kurang lebih 2 tahun, dengan puncak konflik berupa perebutan tanah ulayat yang teerjadi pada bulan Maret 2018, yaitu terjadinya bentrokan luar biasa antar kedua belah pihak mengakibatkan terjadinya pembakaran kendaraan roda dua sebanyak 72 unit dan korban luka yang terkena senjata tajam maupun lemparan batu. Penyebab terjadinya konflik karena ketidakpuasan kedua belah pihak terhadap penyelesaian masalah yang terjadi. Konflik terjadi karena ketidakmampuan pihak lembaga adat serta adanya ego dari masing-masing kelompok yang tinggi dalam menyelesaian permasalahan yang terjadi. Sampai saat ini berbagai cara sudah dilakukan, namun tidak ada jalan keluar atau solusi yang menguntungkan kedua belah pihak. Dalam hal ini, penyelesaian melalui mediasi Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci perlu untuk dilakukan dengan tujuan agar konflik ini benar-benar selesai tanpa ada kerugian bagi pihak yang berkonflik

E-Module as Conflict Resolution: The Application of Pancasila Values in Analyzing Cases of Violation and Denial of Citizen Rights and Obligations

The conflict resolution e-module for KD is the relevance of applying the values of Pancasila in analyzing cases of violations and denial of the rights and obligations of citizens, in the subject of PPKn SMA class XII semester 1, serves as a practical learning medium for high school students to be able to understand and resolve conflicts. This study aims to assist students in recognizing various cases of violations and denial of the rights and obligations of citizens so that awareness of their rights and obligations as citizens can grow, with the hope of becoming good citizens who can avoid or manage conflicts well. This research is deliberately and systematically aimed or directed to be able to find or formulate products, models, media, methods, and certain strategies that are more effective, efficient and innovative. The research model used in This study is a Plomp research model which is an adaptation of the model developed by Tjeerd Plomyang. This model was chosen because it is more systematic, directed, suitable and relevant for the learning tools in the selected KD. The result show that learning using the E-Module Conflict Resolution as a learning medium for high school students or equivalent is declared more effective and practical. This is based on the comparative data obtained

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMANDIRIAN SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence student learning independence during the blended learning process.The research method used is qualitative. The research data is in the form of statements or spoken words from people and observed behavior into a description of the factors that influence student learning independence in blended learning.The results of the study found that the factors that influence student learning problems in blended learning learning are (1) motivation, low student motivation results in them not being confident in answering the questions given, students trust their friends more than their own answers (2 ) Goals, students who do not have goals in learning will tend to be lazy in learning because they have no goals in the lesson, if students have goals then they will be enthusiastic about learning, because they understand very well the knowledge they will get during the learning process and (3) Parents' attention, students who rarely get attention from their parents, are more likely to be unenthusiastic in learning, not disciplined in learning and irresponsible in learning

The Role of Culture in Cross-Cultural Marriage among Minangkabau Women

Marriage is the strongest relationship in terms of controlling human behaviour. There are various reasons why men and women want to be tied through marriage, such as religious, economic, social and cultural factors, and even politics. Cultural factors have special characteristics because they are the product of creativity, human feelings and intentions brought from birth that are passed down from generation to generation. This paper aims to describe the cultural values that affect the lives of the Minangkabau ethnic women who marry other ethnic men. This study is based on interviews with 37 women in 7 districts in West Sumatra where the Minangkabau tribe reside. The women live in either urban or rural areas such as Padang, Pariaman, Agam, Tanah Datar, 50 Kota, Payakumbuh and Solok. The women come from various educational backgrounds, from senior high school through to university with more than 5 years marriage between them. This research asked 4 main questions: What are the conditions that must be met by a man in order to be able to marry a Minangkabau woman? Where do the couple meet? What culture must be applied when running the household? How do they direct the future of their children? The results showed that a man from a different ethnic background than Minangkabau must follow the malakok tradition as a requirement if he wants to marry a Minangkabau woman. Malakok results in the men being traditionally accepted by the Minangkabau community. This tradition is still practiced in Minangkabau modern society, especially by those who live in Nagari (village) and who have a strong Kerapatan Adat Nagari (Village Culture Institution). The majority of women meet with their partners in the overseas area. They then bring their partners back to live with their extended family. The culture of the household is Minangkabau, including when educating any children. This study found that the Minangkabau culture places women as the educators of children, in addition to their roles as household regulators and role models for the community. These cultural values have proven to be successful in creating harmonious households, as well as becoming characteristic of Minangkabau women