SINTESIS SENYAWA TURUNAN BENZOPHENON DARI METIL EUGENOL MELALUI REAKSI ASILASI FRIEDEL-CRAFTS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesi turunan benzofenon dari metil eugenol melalui asilasi Frieder-crafts dengan menggunakan katalis asam lewis AlCl3. ' Bahan dasar metil eugenol disintesis melalui reaksi esterifikasi antara eugenol dengan dimetil sulfat yang digunakan sekaligus sebagai pelarut. Reaksi antara metil eugenol dan benzoil klorida dilakukan secara kontinu selama 1 malam pada suhu kamar dan dilanjutkan dengan refluks selama 3 jam. Campuran dipisahkan dan lapisan organik dinetralkan dengan NaHCO3 jenuh, dicuci dengan akuades, dikeringkan dengan Na2SO4 anhidrous, selanjutnya pelarut diuapkan. Residu yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan IR, 1H-NMR, UV-Vis dan GC-MS. Hasil pada waktu retensi (tR) = 12,45 menit (40,79%) yang merupakan metil eugenol yang tidak habis bereaksi, pada tR = 19,11 menit (2,23%) sebagai produk pertama, pada tR = 19,66 menit (42,88%) sebagai produk kedua dan pada tR = 27,98 menit (14,10%) sebagai produk ketiga. Berdasarkan data spektroskopi disimpulkan bawha senyawa hasil reaksi adalah (Z)-1-fenil-4-(3,4-dimetoksifenil) but-2-enon (m/e = 282), (E)-1-fenil-4-(3,4)-dimetoksifenil) but-2-enon (m/e = 282) dan 2,3-dimetoksi-5-(4-fenil-1,3-siklobutadienil) benzofenon (m/e = 368)

INVESTIGASI KADAR GLUKOSA HASIL HIDROLISIS PATI FRAKSI AMILOPEKTIN BIJI MANGGA VARIETAS MANALAGI (MANGIFERA INDICA L.)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghidrolisis pati fraksi amilopektin biji mangga manalagi menjadi glukosa dengan bantuan katalis HCl serta mengetahui pengaruh lama pemanasan dan konsentrasi katalis asam klorida (HCl) terhadap kadar glukosa hasil hidrolisis pati fraksi amilopektin biji mangga manalagi. Pati fraksi amilopektin didapat dengan cara biji mangga manalagi ditumbuk menjadi serbuk tepung yang mempunyai butiran sebesar 180 μm, selanjutnya dicuci dengan n-heksana untuk menghilangkan lemak, setelah itu dilarutkan dalam air dingin kemudian disaring dan filtratnya dinyatakan sebagai pati fraksi amilopektin. Pati fraksi amilopektin dihidrolisis dengan variasi konsentrasi HCl terdiri dari 0,01 M (F1); 0,02 M(F2); dan 0,03 M(F3); sedangkan faktor lama waktu pemanasan terdiri dari 0,5 jam (R1); 1 jam (R2); 1,5 jam (R3). Hasil hidrolisis kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode penentuan gula reduksi Nelson-Somogy. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa pati fraksi amilopektin biji mangga manalagi dapat dihidrolisis dengan bantuan katalis HCl untuk menghasilkan glukosa. Pada penelitian ini, semakin lama pemanasan dan semakin besar konsentrasi HCl yang digunakan maka kadar glukosa yang dihasilkan semakin besar. Kadar glukosa tertinggi pada penelitian ini di dapat pada perlakuan lama pemanasan 1,5 jam pada konsentrasi HCl 0,03 M yaitu sebesar 20,201 mg/100 mL

LAPORAN INDIVIDU PRAKTIK PENGALAMAN LAPANGAN LOKASI SD NEGERI JLABAN (KECAMATAN SENTOLO, KULON PROGO)

Praktik pengalaman lapangan (PPL) adalah salah satu mata kuliah yang wajib diikuti mahasiswa kependidikan. Tujuan dari PPL adalah untuk memberikan pengalaman kepada mahasiswa di bidang pembelajaran maupun administrasi sekolah. Kegiatan administrasi sekolah meliputi pembuatan administrasi kelas seperti pembuatan buku induk, pengecekan KD pada buku guru, dan data literasi siswa. Sebelum melaksanakan kegiatan PPL, terlebih dahulu mahasiswa melaksanakan observasi sekolah baik lingkungan, sarana prasarana, maupun kegiatan pembelajaran, menonton video AVA, microteaching, serta real pupil. Kegiatan observasi dimulai pada bulan Februari 2016, dan Pelaksanaan PPL dilaksanakan sejak tanggal 18 Juli sampai dengan 15 September 2016. Kegiatan mahasiswa meliputi 4 kali praktik terbimbing, 4 kali praktik mandiri, dan 2 kali ujian. Selain praktik mengajar mahasiswa juga berkesempatan untuk melaksanakan program administrasi sebagai bekal kelak ketika menjadi guru . Pelaksanaan kegiatan PPL merupakan sarana bagi mahasiswa untuk belajar dan menimba ilmu di sekolah untuk menjadi guru profesional. Kegiatan ini juga diharapkan mampu menciptakan pembelajaran yang menarik dan inovatif sehingga menciptakan pembelajaran efektif

UJI AKTIFITAS BIOLOGIS EKSTRAK KULIT DAN DAGING BUAH MAJA (Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST

A study concerning the test phytochemical extracts of fruit peel and pulp magazine (Aegle Marmelos) as well as the biological activity test with brine shrimp lethality test method. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence or absence of secondary metabolites contained in the skin and pulp magazine. The study consisted of two phases: first, a preliminary test the secondary metabolites (flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids), which both the biological activity assay using Artemia salina leach shrimp larvae. The results showed that only maja fruit skin extracts containing secondary metabolites are alkaloids and triterpenoids with high levels of (+), while the pulp magazine did not show a positive test to the test of secondary metabolites. The test results of the biological activity of fruit peel extract maja has a value of 68.07 ppm LC50, whereas extracts pulp magazine has a LC50 value 47.97 mg /

Penentuan Adanya Flavonoid, Uji Efektivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak dan Krim Berbahan Aktif Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava, Linn) dan Benzofenon-3

 ABSTRAK: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan adanya kandungan flavonoid pada daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava Linn), menguji efektivitas ekstrak dan krim tabir surya berbahan aktif ekstrak etanol daun jambu biji dan benzofenon-3. Daun jambu biji ditentukan adanya kandungan flavonoid menggunakan pereaksi Shinoda (Mg dan HCl pekat). Ekstrak daun jambu biji dibuat dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol teknis. Efektivitas ekstrak sebagai tabir surya ditentukan dengan menghitung nilai SPF ekstrak. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan dipergunakan sebagai bahan aktif pada pembuatan krim kosmetik dengan metode emulsifikasi. Krim yang dihasilkan ditentukan sifat-sifatnya seperti pH, serapan radiasi UV, nilai SPF dan efektivitas krim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun jambu biji positif mengandung flavonoid.  Ekstrak daun jambu biji (konsentrasi ekstrak 200 ppm) memiliki nilai SPF sebesar 6,765 (termasuk tabir surya efektivitas rendah), dan berpotensi sebagai bahan aktif tabir surya. Krim tabir surya berbahan aktif ekstrak daun jambu biji 0,5% memiliki nilai SPF sebesar 0,1648.  Jika konsentrasi ekstrak ditingkatkan menjadi 1% maka nilai SPF juga meningkat menjadi 0,4249.  Menurut standar FDA, kedua krim tersebut belum memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya. Penambahan 1% benzofenon-3 ke dalam krim berbahan aktif  ekstrak daun jambu biji 0,5%, akan meningkatkan nilai SPF (SPF = 5,5858), sehingga krim tabir surya menjadi lebih efektif dalam melindungi kulit dari paparan radiasi ultraviolet (UV). &nbsp

IbM BIODIVERSIFIKASI ENERGI ALTERNATIF LIMBAH KELAPA SAWIT DAN JAGUNG DI DESA SUMBER MAKMUR KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO

The purpose of the program IbM are: (a) improving the knowledge and skills of the public about waste palm oil and corn into alternative energy approach to science and technology applied, (b) train waste processing palm oil and corn as an energy, (c) accompanying ways of processing, manufacturing and marketing of oil and corn waste products on an industrial scale household. The method of implementation used action research includes four stages, namely: program planning, execution, observation and evaluation, and reflection. In planning the activities conducted debriefing, the socialization of the target audience and the preparation of training programs. On the implementation of the program, carried out the implementation of program activities that include improvement of knowledge and skills, demonstrations and coaching as well as technology training applied sewage treatment production of palm oil and corn for processing into biogas, briquettes, organic fertilizers and various handicrafts of high economic value. The evaluation was done to see the extent to which program activities have been implemented, while the reflection conducted to determine the deficiency or excess of the activities that have been carried out in order to establish recommendations for the survival or development of subsequent activities. From some of the activities that have been done, the community was very enthusiastic in participating in these activities, especially the installation of a simple biogas filling material made from oil palm empty fruit bunches and cow dung. The main constraints of this activity is the difficulty of marketing the craft because the economic condition of the majority of people of middle so that they concentrate on fulfilling their basic needs. Keywords: palm oil, corn waste, biogas, biodiversification

Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Dengan Metode Enzimatis Dan Fermentasi

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is coconut oil that contains medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) which are easily broken down by the body in very high amounts. Besides that, VCO also has very high antioxidant content such as tocopherol and beta-carotene. This PPM activity aims to provide VCO Making Training with the Enzymatic Method with pineapple fruit extract and fermentation with baker's yeast in the community of RT 12 RW 03 Pematang Governor Village, Muara Bangkahulu District, Bengkulu City. The activity began with a lecture followed by a discussion and practice of making VCO with enzymatic and fermentation methods. The results of observations in the field indicate that the target community of this PPM activity is very enthusiastic to take part in this activity because they feel they have gained additional new knowledge about how to make VCO which can complement their knowledge of the known VCO making technique, namely the fishing method. With the knowledge of making VCO taught in this activity, the target community will be able to have alternative methods for making VCO other than what has been known so far with easily obtained equipment. Keywords:   VCO; MCFA; antivirus; enzymatic; Fermentation

DIVERSIFIKASI DAN PENANGANAN PASCA PRODUKSI OLAHAN IKAN DI DESA PADANG JAYA BENGKULU UTARA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NILAI EKONOMI DAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT

The first aim of this activity is giving knowledge to farmer society of fish specially Unit Pengolahan Ikan ( UPI) Melati I in Padang Jaya Village North Bengkulu aboutdiversification of multifarious product which have higher level economic value. Thesecond aim is giving processing practice of some alternative multifarious fish basedproduct to be industrial product which have high economic value. It is also using naturalpickling method, so that it is a good product for healthy life. The practice also givestraining in making safe packaging and product marketing. While, special target is toimprove knowledge of breeder of fish specially Unit Pengolahan Ikan (UPI) Melati I asparticipant of training about diversified multifarious of fish product that having higherlevel economic value and practice some alternative product of fish become multifariouslyof industrial product which have value sell economical, like fish rengginang, cryspy fishbaby and fish of salai. Including handling of after production ie. marketing and packaging.This activity walk better, its product even also have earned to be marketed out of DesaPadang Jaya, ie. Bengkulu town and Jakarta, and become typical pledge present of desa Padang Jaya. Request of this produst even also mount, this matter because of its producthave registering PIRT and get lawful lable so that society feel safe to consuming it.Keywords: Diversification, fish processing, UPI Melati I, Padang Jay

Green Synthesis of Sulfonated Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell as Potential Catalyst for Hydrolysis of Palm Bunch Cellulose

Sulfonated activated carbon (SAC) is one of green catalysts that has been successfully synthesized from palm shell waste. The SAC catalysts have been tested in the hydrolysis of cellulose of palm bunch to simple sugar. The SAC catalysts were prepared from palm shell waste by converting to activated carbon followed by sulfonating step. The SAC catalysts were characterized by using XRD, SEM, FTIR and gravimetric methods. The SAC catalysts show as porous amorphous materials and have acidic properties, a prerequisite for good catalytic activity. Preliminary catalytic tests showed that the SAC catalysts can be used for the hydrolysis of cellulose from palm bunch waste that was shown by the existence of reducing sugar in the liquid product of hydrolysis

PRODUKSI BRIKET DAN KOMPOS DARI LIMBAH CANGKANG DAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA GIRI MULYA BENGKULU UTARA

The purpose of the program IbM are: (a) training waste processing of palm oil and corn as an energy (b) accompanying ways of processing and manufacturing of palm oil waste products on home industry.The implementation of the program includes improvement of knowledge and skills, demonstrations and coaching as well as technology training science applied sewage treatment production of palm oil for processing into brickets and organic fertilizers which high economic value. From some of the activities that have been done, the community was very enthusiastic in participating in these activities, especially onprocessingpalm oil empty fruit bunches and shells into briquettes and organic fertilizers.Keywords: palm oil waste, brickets, empty fruit bunche