21 research outputs found
La cohésion de la vie chez Edmund Husserl et Paul Ricoeur : le problÚme de l'unification du cours temporel de l'expérience
MĂȘme si sa temporalitĂ© implique une diversitĂ© de ses expĂ©riences, le sujet admet aussi une unitĂ© temporelle de ses expĂ©riences dispersĂ©es. Comment se donne en propre cette unitĂ© temporelle? Edmund Husserl a surtout dĂ©crit la constitution unitaire du cours des vĂ©cus par le simple Ă©coulement continu et en recouvrement du flux de la conscience. En plus de souligner l'aspect aporĂ©tique de cette constitution par et dans la seule conscience, Paul Ricoeur a aussi cherchĂ© Ă constituer la temporalitĂ© unitaire du sujet en montrant comment cette unification devait se faire par sa saisie mĂ©diatisĂ©e et reflexive dans l'histoire d'une vie. Cette solution indique un renouvellement possible de cette question dans la phĂ©nomĂ©nologie husserlienne, puisque Husserl qualifie d'« histoire d'une vie » l'unitĂ© temporelle de l'ego personnel ressaisie dans la rĂ©flexion. Cette histoire redouble cependant une unitĂ© de l'ego personnel dĂ©jĂ constituĂ©e par l'association et dans ses motivations et ses habitudes
Prioritization of Referrals in Outpatient Physiotherapy Departments in Québec and Implications for Equity in Access
In the context of long waiting time to access rehabilitation services, a large majority of settings use referral prioritization to help manage waiting lists. Prioritization practices vary greatly between settings and there is little consensus on how best to prioritize referrals. This paper describes the prioritization processes for physiotherapy services in QuĂ©bec and its potential implications in terms of equity in access to services. This is a secondary analysis of a survey of outpatient physiotherapy departments (n=98; proportion of participation was 99%) conducted in 2015 across publicly funded hospitals in QuĂ©bec. In many settings, persons with acute orthopaedic conditions were prioritized while chronic conditions were given a lower priority. There were 72 different combinations of prioritization criteria used in outpatient physiotherapy departments. Variability was also observed in the type of personnel involved in the prioritization process, the number of priority levels used to rank the referrals and the source of information used to prioritize referrals. These results highlight potential issues regarding equity in access to physiotherapy services: the prioritization of persons with acute conditions to the detriment of those with chronic conditions, the lack of consensus on a fair prioritization process and the importance to adequately assess patientsâ needs for treatment. Further research and interventions on prioritization criteria and processes are needed to ensure equitable access to physiotherapy services, especially in the public sector
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.
RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 â„60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Les refigurations de notre expérience du temps
Contre lâidĂ©e dâun temps fixe enveloppant notre expĂ©rience, les travaux de Paul Ricoeur nous permettent de penser que non seulement notre expĂ©rience du temps nâest pas si fixe quâelle nây paraĂźt, mais quâelle est en outre transformĂ©e par des refigurations dĂ©coulant de nos mĂ©diations objectives. Ces mĂ©diations objectives ne se limitent pas Ă la narration, mais couvrent Ă©galement lâamnistie, la prescription, la promesse, le pardon et les objets de notre monde familier. Chacune Ă leur façon, les mĂ©diations examinĂ©es opĂšrent une synthĂšse du passĂ©, du prĂ©sent et du futur, au point de bouleverser le temps chronologique et successif du courant de la conscience. Ultimement, nous prendrons les rĂ©flexions de Paul Ricoeur comme ressources pour penser les implications Ă©thiques des transformations de notre expĂ©rience du temps. Car chaque expĂ©rience du temps nâouvre et ne ferme pas les mĂȘmes possibilitĂ©s, comme le rapport entre le pardon et lâhomme capable devrait le montrer.Against the idea of a fixed time in which our experience would take place, Paul Ricoeurâs works allow us to think that our experience of time is not so fixed as it seems, and furthermore, that it is transformed by some refigurations which follow from an objective mediation. These objective mediation is not restricted to narrative, but also covers amnesty, prescription, promise, forgiveness and familiar things. Each examined mediation performs in its own way a synthesis of past, present and futur, to the point of changing the chronological and successive time of consciousnessâ stream. We will also consider Ricoeurâs thoughts as a possibility to think ethical implications of transformations in our time experience. Every experience of time does not open and close the same ethical possibilities, as the connection between forgiveness and capable man should show it
Les refigurations de notre expérience du temps
Contre lâidĂ©e dâun temps fixe enveloppant notre expĂ©rience, les travaux de Paul Ricoeur nous permettent de penser que non seulement notre expĂ©rience du temps nâest pas si fixe quâelle nây paraĂźt, mais quâelle est en outre transformĂ©e par des refigurations dĂ©coulant de nos mĂ©diations objectives. Ces mĂ©diations objectives ne se limitent pas Ă la narration, mais couvrent Ă©galement lâamnistie, la prescription, la promesse, le pardon et les objets de notre monde familier. Chacune Ă leur façon, les mĂ©diations examinĂ©es opĂšrent une synthĂšse du passĂ©, du prĂ©sent et du futur, au point de bouleverser le temps chronologique et successif du courant de la conscience. Ultimement, nous prendrons les rĂ©flexions de Paul Ricoeur comme ressources pour penser les implications Ă©thiques des transformations de notre expĂ©rience du temps. Car chaque expĂ©rience du temps nâouvre et ne ferme pas les mĂȘmes possibilitĂ©s, comme le rapport entre le pardon et lâhomme capable devrait le montrer.Against the idea of a fixed time in which our experience would take place, Paul Ricoeurâs works allow us to think that our experience of time is not so fixed as it seems, and furthermore, that it is transformed by some refigurations which follow from an objective mediation. These objective mediation is not restricted to narrative, but also covers amnesty, prescription, promise, forgiveness and familiar things. Each examined mediation performs in its own way a synthesis of past, present and futur, to the point of changing the chronological and successive time of consciousnessâ stream. We will also consider Ricoeurâs thoughts as a possibility to think ethical implications of transformations in our time experience. Every experience of time does not open and close the same ethical possibilities, as the connection between forgiveness and capable man should show it
Prioritization of Referrals in Outpatient Physiotherapy Departments in Québec and Implications for Equity in Access
In the context of long waiting time to access rehabilitation services, a large majority of settings use referral prioritization to help manage waiting lists. Prioritization practices vary greatly between settings and there is little consensus on how best to prioritize referrals. This paper describes the prioritization processes for physiotherapy services in QuĂ©bec and its potential implications in terms of equity in access to services. This is a secondary analysis of a survey of outpatient physiotherapy departments (n=98; proportion of participation was 99%) conducted in 2015 across publicly funded hospitals in QuĂ©bec. In many settings, persons with acute orthopaedic conditions were prioritized while chronic conditions were given a lower priority. There were 72 different combinations of prioritization criteria used in outpatient physiotherapy departments. Variability was also observed in the type of personnel involved in the prioritization process, the number of priority levels used to rank the referrals and the source of information used to prioritize referrals. These results highlight potential issues regarding equity in access to physiotherapy services: the prioritization of persons with acute conditions to the detriment of those with chronic conditions, the lack of consensus on a fair prioritization process and the importance to adequately assess patientsâ needs for treatment. Further research and interventions on prioritization criteria and processes are needed to ensure equitable access to physiotherapy services, especially in the public sector.Dans le contexte actuel de longs dĂ©lais dâattente pour accĂ©der aux services de rĂ©adaptation, la grande majoritĂ© des Ă©tablissements utilisent la priorisation des demandes de rĂ©fĂ©rence pour aider Ă gĂ©rer les listes dâattente. Les pratiques de priorisation varient grandement dâun milieu Ă lâautre et il y a peu de consensus sur la meilleure façon de prioriser les demandes de rĂ©fĂ©rence. Cet article dĂ©crit les processus de priorisation de services en physiothĂ©rapie au QuĂ©bec et leurs implications potentielles en termes dâĂ©quitĂ© dans lâaccĂšs aux services. Il sâagit dâune analyse secondaire dâune enquĂȘte menĂ©e en 2015 auprĂšs des cliniques externes en physiothĂ©rapie (n=98 ; la proportion de participation Ă©tait de 99 %) dans les hĂŽpitaux publics du QuĂ©bec. Dans de nombreux milieux, les personnes ayant une condition orthopĂ©dique aigĂŒe Ă©taient priorisĂ©es, tandis que les conditions chroniques recevaient une prioritĂ© moindre. Nous avons comptabilisĂ© 72 combinaisons diffĂ©rentes de critĂšres de priorisation utilisĂ©es dans les cliniques externes de physiothĂ©rapie. Nous avons Ă©galement observĂ© une variabilitĂ© dans le type de personnel impliquĂ© dans le processus de priorisation, le nombre de niveaux de prioritĂ© utilisĂ©s pour classer les demandes de rĂ©fĂ©rence et la source dâinformation utilisĂ©e pour Ă©tablir la priorisation. Ces rĂ©sultats mettent en lumiĂšre des enjeux potentiels concernant lâĂ©quitĂ© dans lâaccĂšs aux services de physiothĂ©rapie : la priorisation des personnes atteintes de conditions aigĂŒes au dĂ©triment de celles atteintes de conditions chroniques, lâabsence de consensus sur un processus de priorisation Ă©quitable et la nĂ©cessitĂ© dâĂ©valuer adĂ©quatement les besoins de traitement des patients. De futures recherches et interventions sur les critĂšres et les processus de priorisation sont nĂ©cessaires pour assurer un accĂšs Ă©quitable aux services de physiothĂ©rapie, en particulier dans le secteur public
Prioritization of Referrals in Outpatient Physiotherapy Departments in Québec and Implications for Equity in Access
In the context of long waiting time to access rehabilitation services, a large majority of settings use referral prioritization to help manage waiting lists. Prioritization practices vary greatly between settings and there is little consensus on how best to prioritize referrals. This paper describes the prioritization processes for physiotherapy services in QuĂ©bec and its potential implications in terms of equity in access to services. This is a secondary analysis of a survey of outpatient physiotherapy departments (n=98; proportion of participation was 99%) conducted in 2015 across publicly funded hospitals in QuĂ©bec. In many settings, persons with acute orthopaedic conditions were prioritized while chronic conditions were given a lower priority. There were 72 different combinations of prioritization criteria used in outpatient physiotherapy departments. Variability was also observed in the type of personnel involved in the prioritization process, the number of priority levels used to rank the referrals and the source of information used to prioritize referrals. These results highlight potential issues regarding equity in access to physiotherapy services: the prioritization of persons with acute conditions to the detriment of those with chronic conditions, the lack of consensus on a fair prioritization process and the importance to adequately assess patientsâ needs for treatment. Further research and interventions on prioritization criteria and processes are needed to ensure equitable access to physiotherapy services, especially in the public sector
Livre blanc sur lâaccĂšs aux services de physiothĂ©rapie au QuĂ©bec : constats et cibles dâaction pour mieux rĂ©pondre aux besoins de la population
Tous les Québécois sont susceptibles de présenter, à un moment ou à un autre de leur vie, des
dĂ©ficiences et des limitations physiques, que ce soit parce quâils sont atteints dâun mal de dos ou
dâarthrose au genou, ont subi un accident vasculaire cĂ©rĂ©bral ou sont en perte dâautonomie Ă la
suite dâune fracture de la hanche, ou encore parce quâils vivent avec des troubles de dĂ©veloppement
moteur, une paralysie cĂ©rĂ©brale, une maladie pulmonaire ou des sĂ©quelles dâun traumatisme
crùnien. Ces conditions peuvent entraßner des difficultés à se déplacer, à accomplir ses tùches de
la vie quotidienne, ou Ă pleinement participer Ă lâĂ©cole ou au travail.
Dans la majorité de ces situations, les Québécois pourraient bénéficier de physiothérapie pour
réduire leur douleur, optimiser ou maintenir leur capacité physique et améliorer leur qualité de
vie et leur participation sociale. La physiothĂ©rapie peut aussi contribuer Ă prĂ©venir lâapparition
de certaines conditions ou les rĂ©cidives, et diminuer la persistance de dĂ©ficiences et dâincapacitĂ©s
physiques dans le temps.
Toutefois, plusieurs Québécois ne reçoivent pas actuellement les services dont ils pourraient
bĂ©nĂ©ficier en raison dâune importante problĂ©matique dâaccĂšs Ă des services de physiothĂ©rapie
assurĂ©s par lâĂtat. Cette problĂ©matique se manifeste entre autres par lâabsence ou lâinsuffisance
de services assurĂ©s par lâĂtat pour plusieurs personnes, de trĂšs longues listes dâattente ou
des iniquitĂ©s dâaccĂšs. Cette problĂ©matique peut entraĂźner des effets nĂ©fastes sur la santĂ© des
personnes et réduire le potentiel des personnes à contribuer à la société.
Plusieurs actions peuvent ĂȘtre envisagĂ©es pour rĂ©pondre Ă ces problĂšmes dâaccĂšs aux services de
physiothérapie et mieux répondre aux besoins de la population. En plus de réduire les déficiences
et limitations physiques et améliorer la qualité de vie et la participation sociale des Québécois,
ces actions pourraient notamment réduire les coûts de santé.
Le prĂ©sent Livre blanc, mandatĂ© par lâAssociation quĂ©bĂ©coise de la physiothĂ©rapie, rend compte
de la situation actuelle de lâaccĂšs aux services de physiothĂ©rapie assurĂ©s par lâĂtat au QuĂ©bec. Il
propose des cibles dâaction concrĂštes qui appellent Ă une rĂ©flexion et des actions concertĂ©es entre
les diverses parties prenantes dans le but dâamĂ©liorer la santĂ©, la qualitĂ© de vie et la participation
sociale de la population
Phenotypic Assessment of Drug Metabolic Pathways and P-Glycoprotein in Patients Treated With Antidepressants in an Ambulatory Setting
Drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and transporters have emerged as major determinants of variability in drug metabolism and response. This study investigated the association between CYP and P-glycoprotein activities and plasma antidepressant concentration in an outpatient clinical setting. Secondary outcomes were antidepressant efficacy and tolerance. We also describe phenotypes in patients treated with antidepressants and evaluate the tolerance of a minimally invasive phenotyping approach