Recent technological developments in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral edema

Latest technological advancements in neurocritical care have translated to improved clinical outcomes and have paved the way for the effective diagnosis and treatment of cerebral edema. Effective management of cerebral edema has the potential to provide a personalized treatment by obtaining the complete pathophysiological information of the patient. The aims of this review are to inform the reader about the research and development in this field in the past decade as well as the materialization of scientific literature through patents. There is a growing interest in multimodal monitoring of the diseased brain as it provides a necessary means to implement effective intervention strategies. Although there is a gradual shift toward the adoption of noninvasive devices for research purposes, their clinical applications are hindered by their inaccuracies. However, the inherent risk of complication and high costs of implementation challenge the status quo. The role of neuroprotectants is explored and the combination of neurodiagnostic and neuroprotective approaches is proposed. Finally, the impacts of the current state of global affairs are discussed and it is predicted that the rising number of traumatic brain injury patents will inevitably translate to improvements in technologies to effectively address cerebral edema

2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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Initial Characterization of Active Transitioning Centaur, P/2019 LD2 (ATLAS), Using Hubble, Spitzer, ZTF, Keck, Apache Point Observatory, and GROWTH Visible and Infrared Imaging and Spectroscopy

We present visible and mid-infrared imagery and photometry of temporary Jovian co-orbital comet P/2019 LD2 taken with Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 (HST/WFC3), Spitzer Space Telescope/Infrared Array Camera (Spitzer/IRAC), and the GROWTH telescope network, visible spectroscopy from Keck/Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (LRIS), and archival Zwicky Transient Facility observations taken between 2019 April and 2020 August. Our observations indicate that the nucleus of LD2 has a radius between 0.2 and 1.8 km assuming a 0.08 albedo and a coma dominated by ∼100 μm-scale dust ejected at ∼1 m s−1 speeds with a ∼1′ jet pointing in the southwest direction. LD2 experienced a total dust mass loss of ∼108 kg at a loss rate of ∼6 kg s−1 with Afρ/cross section varying between ∼85 cm/125 km2 and ∼200 cm/310 km2 from 2019 April 9 to 2019 November 8. If the increase in Afρ/cross section remained constant, it implies LD2's activity began ∼2018 November when within 4.8 au of the Sun, implying the onset of H2O sublimation. We measure CO/CO2 gas production of ≲1027 mol s−1/≲1026 mol s−1 from our 4.5 μm Spitzer observations; g–r = 0.59 ± 0.03, r–i = 0.18 ± 0.05, and i–z = 0.01 ± 0.07 from GROWTH observations; and H2O gas production of ≲80 kg s−1 scaling from our estimated C2 production of ${Q}_{{C}_{2}}\lesssim 7.5\times {10}^{24}$ mol s−1 from Keck/LRIS spectroscopy. We determine that the long-term orbit of LD2 is similar to Jupiter-family comets having close encounters with Jupiter within ∼0.5 Hill radius in the last ∼3 y and within 0.8 Hill radius in ∼9 y. Additionally, 78.8% of our orbital clones are ejected from the solar system within 1 × 106 yr, having a dynamical half-life of 3.4 × 105 yr

Multi-band rectangular microstrip antennas

Configurations with slotted rectangular microstrip antennas using rectangular slot and half U-slot cut inside the patch for multiband operation are proposed. Also, the multi-port network- models for these multi-band rectangular microstrip antennas are proposed. (C) 2007

Broadband gap-coupled half hexagonal microstrip antennas

Three configurations of compact gap-coupled half hexagonal microstrip antennas have been presented for broad bandwidth. Parametric studies for the effect of coupling gap and feed point location on the performance of these antennas have been investigated and the results have been validated experimentally. Increase in bandwidth is more than twice for the two configurations and about four times for the third case when compared with that of the corresponding hexagonal microstrip antenna. (c) 2007

Analysis of slot cut broadband and dual-band rectangular microstrip antennas

The broadband and dual-band rectangular microstrip antenna is realized by cutting pair of toothbrush-shaped or step slots along the non-radiating edges of the patch. The toothbrush-shaped slot is said to introduce TM d0 mode in between the TM 10 and TM 20 modes of the rectangular patch and realizes broadband response. In step slot cut configuration, the slot introduces a mode near the TM 10 mode resonance frequency of the patch and realizes dual frequencies. In this paper, a detail analysis to study the effect of slots on the broadband and dual-band response in these rectangular microstrip antennas (RMSAs) is presented. It was observed that the slot does not introduce any mode but modifies the resonance frequency of higher order orthogonal mode and realizes broadband and dual-band response. The slot alters the direction of surface currents at higher order mode and gives similar radiation pattern characteristics over the broader bandwidth and at the dual frequencies. In broadband RMSA, a formulation of resonant length at modified TM 02 mode is proposed. The frequency calculated using the same closely agrees with the simulated result

Wideband L-shaped printed monopole antenna

A wideband dual-polarized L-shaped printed monopole antenna (LSPMA) is presented. The antenna operates around the center frequency of 4 GHz. This L-shape printed antenna provides wide impedance bandwidth over 4.7 GHz. Experiments have been carried out to validate the simulated results of input impedance and dual polarized radiation patterns. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved

UWB printed sectoral monopole antenna with dual polarization

A printed sectoral monopole antenna with ultra wide bandwidth has been proposed. This configuration is formed by chopping off a quarter part of a circular printed disc. The ultra wide bandwidth has been obtained in the frequency range from 1.84 to 11.82 GHz with dual polarization radiation patterns. The experimental and simulated results for this proposed antenna are presented, which are in agreement. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:206-62070, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.2703