Factors Related to Enrollment Decisions of Accepted Traditional-age Students At Milligan College

This study examined an aspect of enrollment management at a private liberal arts college. Factors related to enrollment decisions of students accepted for admission to Milligan College were analyzed by comparing two groups: matriculants and nonmatriculants. The population consisted of 438 traditional-age applicants for the 1995 fall semester. Data were collected from the application for admission, financial aid application, and a survey instrument designed to obtain information relative to influences on the enrollment decision. The Purposes of the research were to determine if significant differences existed between the two groups and to identify the characteristics of the students most likely to enroll at the college. Analyses were conducted by calculating measures of central tendency, the chi-square test of significance, the independent t-test for equality of means, and multiple linear regression. Among the variables considered were financial aid resources, academic achievement, distance from the campus, church affiliation, attendance by relatives, and campus visit. Subjects were also asked an open-ended question on the survey regarding the primary reasons for their decisions. Major findings revealed significant differences between matriculants and nonmatriculants with respect to completion of the financial aid award process, church affiliation, scholarships and grants received, ACT scores, and campus visit. The survey respondents identified as primary reasons for a decision to enroll, the Christian atmosphere, programs of study available, and quality academics. Primary reasons for a decision not to enroll included, distance from the college, high cost, and the desired program of study was not available. Based on the results of the research the following recommendations were made. Steps should be taken to ensure completion of the financial aid award process is a high priority for all applicants. Scholarships and grants should be awarded at the optimum level for each qualified applicant. Recruiting efforts should focus on those areas, geographically and demographically, in which the prospects who are most likely to enroll can be identified, based on selected characteristics

Educating the Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Non-Urban Population: Three Cost-Effective Strategies

The number of immigrants who do not speak English proficiently has grown rapidly in American schools. While the immigrant population is growing, the proportion of first and second-generation immigrants (the children of immigrants) is simultaneously multiplying. As the U.S. population grows more varied, public schools are faced with the challenge of meeting the needs of an increasing population of culturally and linguistically diverse students. The researchers propose three cost-effective and closely linked strategies for principals to facilitate the education of the increasingly diverse population in non-urban schools

Test Equipment Serial Communication Interface Rs-232 Db-9 Type Connectors on Testing Techniques Insitu

At this writing will be made prober interface RS-232 in situ testing (testing onlocation) when the system interfaces operate without causing disturbances operatingsystem itself. For that tool is designed so that the information will be observed in thetest can be easily accessed via the display in the form of light and the values of thesignal information in the form of voltage level. To avoid the imposition of thiscommunication interface, the tool is equipped with the buffer. It is expected that thistool can provide rapid information, communication failures in the process of datathrough computer communication port

Spectral and dynamic characteristics of buried-heterostructure single quantum well (Al,Ga)As lasers

We demonstrate that, as predicted, (Al,Ga)As single quantum well (SQW) lasers have substantially narrower spectral linewidths than bulk double-heterostructure lasers. We have observed a further major reduction (>3×) in the linewidth of these SQW lasers when the facet reflectivities are enhanced. This observation is explained theoretically on the basis of the very low losses in coated SQW lasers and the value of the spontaneous emission factor at low threshold currents. We also report on the modulation frequency response parameter of these SQW lasers

Ultralow threshold graded-index separate-confinement heterostructure single quantum well (Al,Ga)As lasers

Broad area graded‐index separate‐confinement heterostructure single quantum well lasers grown by molecular‐beam epitaxy (MBE) with threshold current density as low as 93 A/cm^2 (520 μm long) have been fabricated. Buried lasers formed from similarly structured MBE material with liquid phase epitaxy regrowth had threshold currents at submilliampere levels when high reflectivity coatings were applied to the end facets. A cw threshold current of 0.55 mA was obtained for a laser with facet reflectivities of ∼80%, a cavity length of 120 μm, and an active region stripe width of 1 μm. These devices driven directly with logic level signals have switch‐on delays <50 ps without any current prebias. Such lasers permit fully on–off switching while at the same time obviating the need for bias monitoring and feedback control

Long-Term Stability of n-Alkane-in-Water Pickering Nanoemulsions: Effect of Aqueous Solubility of Droplet Phase on Ostwald Ripening

High-pressure microfluidization is used to prepare a series of oil-in-water Pickering nanoemulsions using sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles as the Pickering emulsifier. The droplet phase comprised either n-octane, n-decane, n-dodecane, or n-tetradecane. This series of oils enabled the effect of aqueous solubility on Ostwald ripening to be studied, which is the primary instability mechanism for such nanoemulsions. Analytical centrifugation (LUMiSizer instrument) was used to evaluate the long-term stability of these Pickering nanoemulsions over time scales of weeks/months. This technique enables convenient quantification of the fraction of growing oil droplets and confirmed that using n-octane (aqueous solubility = 0.66 mg dm–3 at 20 °C) leads to instability even over relatively short time periods. However, using n-tetradecane (aqueous solubility = 0.386 μg dm–3 at 20 °C) leads to significantly improved long-term stability with respect to Ostwald ripening, with all droplets remaining below 1 μm diameter after 6 weeks storage at 20 °C. In the case of n-dodecane, the long-term stability of these new copolymer-stabilized Pickering nanoemulsions is significantly better than the silica-stabilized Pickering nanoemulsions reported in the literature by Persson et al. (Colloids Surf., A,2014,459, 48–57). This is attributed to a much greater interfacial yield stress for the former system, as recently described in the literature (see P. J. Betramo et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.,2017,114, 10373–10378)

Model anionic block copolymer vesicles provide important design rules for efficient nanoparticle occlusion within calcite

Nanoparticle occlusion within growing crystals is of considerable interest because (i) it can enhance our understanding of biomineralization and (ii) it offers a straightforward route for the preparation of novel nanocomposites. However, robust design rules for efficient occlusion remain elusive. Herein, we report the rational synthesis of a series of silica-loaded poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate)-poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)-poly(methacrylic acid) tetrablock copolymer vesicles using polymerization-induced self-assembly. The overall vesicle dimensions remain essentially constant for this series; hence systematic variation of the mean degree of polymerization (DP) of the anionic poly(methacrylic acid) steric stabilizer chains provides an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the design rules for efficient nanoparticle occlusion within host inorganic crystals such as calcite. Indeed, the stabilizer DP plays a decisive role in dictating both the extent of occlusion and the calcite crystal morphology: sufficiently long stabilizer chains are required to achieve extents of vesicle occlusion of up to 41 vol %, but overly long stabilizer chains merely lead to significant changes in the crystal morphology, rather than promoting further occlusion. Furthermore, steric stabilizer chains comprising anionic carboxylate groups lead to superior occlusion performance compared to those composed of phosphate, sulfate, or sulfonate groups. Moreover, occluded vesicles are subjected to substantial deformation forces, as shown by the significant change in shape after their occlusion. It is also demonstrated that such vesicles can act as "Trojan horses", enabling the occlusion of non-functional silica nanoparticles within calcite. In summary, this study provides important new physical insights regarding the efficient incorporation of guest nanoparticles within host inorganic crystals

What dictates the spatial distribution of nanoparticles within calcite?

Crystallization is widely used by synthetic chemists as a purification technique because it usually involves the expulsion of impurities. In this context, the efficient occlusion of guest nanoparticles within growing host crystals can be regarded as a formidable technical challenge. Indeed, although there are various reports of successful nanoparticle occlusion within inorganic crystals in the literature, robust design rules remain elusive. Herein, we report the synthesis of two pairs of sterically stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles with identical compositions but varying particle size, morphology, stabilizer chain length, and stabilizer chain surface density via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). The mean degree of polymerization of the stabilizer chains dictates the spatial distribution of these model anionic nanoparticles within calcite (CaCO3): relatively short stabilizer chains merely result in near-surface occlusion, whereas sufficiently long stabilizer chains are essential to achieve uniform occlusion. This study reconciles the various conflicting literature reports of occluded nanoparticles being either confined to surface layers or uniformly occluded throughout the host matrix and hence provides important new insights regarding the criteria required for efficient nanoparticle occlusion within inorganic crystals

Contrasting soil organic matter properties of a Hawaiian Andosol revealed by fractionations procedures

Volcanic Andosols are recognized by their strong capacity to accumulate soil organic carbon (SOC), and for presenting a singular aggregation pattern. However, the factors that govern their SOC storage and aggregation hierarchy are still poorly understood. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the soil organic matter (SOM) properties of an Andosol through CN analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with subsequent nano scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) analysis in the soil mineral fraction testing different fractionation methods. We tested three Andosol samples from two sites of the Kohala region – Hawaii with contrasting precipitation levels. The samples tested were as follow: 1784-60, 1784-80 and 2286-50 (precipitation - average depth in cm). We performed the SOM fractionation using ultrasonic dispersion at 1500 J ml-1, wet sieving and sedimentation. The procedure was carried out in three sets: in deionized water, in 1M NaCL solution, and in polytungstate solution (SPT) 1.8 g cm-3. Six fractions were obtained as follow: free particulate organic matter (fPOM), occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM), 4000-63, 63-20, 20-2 and &lt; 2µm, respectively. Overall, the pre-dispersion treatment with NaCL saturation did not influence the C content and its distribution, as well as the SOM composition observed by NMR and NanoSIMS analysis. The oPOM fraction revealed great differences between the contrasting samples 1784-60 and 2286-50 in C content and SOM composition. More than 90% of the soil mass was concentrated in the fractions below 20 µm. The &lt;2µm fraction was the most representative for the evaluated Andosol, accounting with 83% of the C content and 74% of the soil mass for the three samples evaluated overall. The 2286-50 presented a higher C content than the other samples especially for fPOM and the &lt; 2 µm fraction. The 2286-50 sample presented overall a dominance of alkyl-C, while 1784-60 showed higher amounts of carboxyl-C and O/N alkyl groups, which can be explained by differences in the mineral composition of each sample. In addition, the NanoSIMS analysis demonstrated distinct spatial differences in the distribution of 12C- and 12C14N- in organo-mineral associations at the micro scale between the two sites. The results of this study suggest that mineral interactions in the smaller size-fractions (&lt;2µm) can be the key to explain the mechanisms of C storage in Andosols