Aportes para pensar la eseñanza de la historia y la geografía en la perspectiva de la integración regional

Este artículo presenta los resultados preliminares de una indagación sobre las representaciones de un grupo de capacitadores de profesores de enseñanza media en historia y geografía sobre el proceso de integración regional y sus consecuencias para la enseñanza de dichas asignaturas. La indagación se realizó como parte de un proyecto de actualización profesional de los capacitadores1, que incluyó diversos aspectos relacionados con la teoría y la práctica de la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales. En el marco de dicho proyecto, los autores de este artículo propusieron introducir la dimensión de la integración regional como elemento potente para resignificar la enseñanza de la historia y la geografía. Esta resignificación supone desplazar al Estado nacional de su lugar central en la organización del currículo y subordinarlo a un enfoque que pone el acento en la construcción histórica de las identidades y los territorios.This article presents the preliminary results of a research into the representations of a group of teacher trainers of secondary education in history and geography on the process of regional integration and its consequences as regards the teaching of these subjects. The investigation was carried out as part of a project of professional updating of the trainers which included several aspects related to the theory and practice of social sciences teaching. Within the framework of this project, the authors of this article proposed introducing the dimension of regional integration as a powerful element to signify again the teaching of history and geography. This new signification implies moving the national state from its central place in the organisation of the syllabus and subordinate it to an approach that puts the historical building up of identities and territories in the centre.Este artículo presenta los resultados preliminares de una indagación sobre las representaciones de un grupo de capacitadores de profesores de enseñanza media en historia y geografía sobre el proceso de integración regional y sus consecuencias para la enseñanza de dichas asignaturas. La indagación se realizó como parte de un proyecto de actualización profesional de los capacitadores1, que incluyó diversos aspectos relacionados con la teoría y la práctica de la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales. En el marco de dicho proyecto, los autores de este artículo propusieron introducir la dimensión de la integración regional como elemento potente para resignificar la enseñanza de la historia y la geografía. Esta resignificación supone desplazar al Estado nacional de su lugar central en la organización del currículo y subordinarlo a un enfoque que pone el acento en la construcción histórica de las identidades y los territorios

Variability of CD3 membrane expression and T cell activation capacity

αβT cells have a wide distribution of their CD3 membrane density. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the significance of the CD3 differential expression on T cell subsets. Analysis was performed on healthy donors and renal transplant patients by flowcytometry The results obtained are : 1-CD3 expression was widely distributed (CV =38.3±3.1 to (43±2.3%). 2-The CD4, CD8,CD45 and forward scatter were similarly distributed. 3-The diversity of CD3 expression was direcly related to the clonotypes: γ9, non γ9 from γδT cells and Vβ clonotype from αβT cells (e.g.: Vβ3FITC 7980±1628 Vβ8PE: Vβ20-FITC 11768±1510). 4-Using a computer simulation, we could confirm differential kinetics of T cell activation according to the initial parameters. Finally, in vitro activation was significantly higher on Vβ8 and Vβ9 (high CD3) compared to Vβ2 and Vβ3 (low CD3, P=0.040 to 0.0003). In conclusion: T cells have highly heterogeneous CD3 expression, possibly predetermined and with clear functional significance

Leituras cruzadas: uma experiência de reflexão crítica em didática de geografia UBA-UNIJUÍ

This article presents a theoretical and pedagogical experience: the analysis carried out by the INDEGEO-UBA group about materials produced by the Ensino e Metodologias Em Geografia e Ciências Sociais-UNIJUI group. This activity took place at the VI International Colloquium of the Latin American Geography Didactics Network (2021) and its value lies in having constituted an instance of exchange and critical reflection between the research groups. In the first place, an academic and institutional presentation of the aforementioned groups is made; second, an analysis of each of the works received, highlighting their conceptual and didactic contributions. Finally, a synthesis of the disciplinary and educational approach of the work proposal developed by the Brazilian group takes place, in line with the currents of geographical thought shared by REDLADGEO.Este artículo presenta una experiencia teórica y pedagógica: el análisis realizado por el grupo INDEGEO-UBA acerca de materiales producidos por el grupo Ensino e Metodologias Em Geografia e Ciências Sociais-UNIJUÍ. Dicha práctica aconteció en el VI Coloquio Internacional de la Red Latinoamericana de Didáctica de Geografía (2021) y su valor radica en haberse constituido una instancia de intercambio y reflexión crítica entre los grupos de investigación. En primer lugar, se realiza una presentación académica e institucional de los grupos citados; en segundo lugar, un análisis de cada uno de los trabajos recibidos, destacando sus aportes conceptuales y didácticos. Finalmente, tiene lugar una síntesis del abordaje disciplinar y educativo de la propuesta de trabajo desarrollada por el grupo brasileño, en línea con las corrientes de pensamiento geográfico compartidas por la REDLADGEO.Este artigo apresenta uma experiência teórico-pedagógica: a análise realizada pelo grupo INDEGEO-UBA sobre os materiais produzidos pelo grupo Ensino e Metodologias em Geografia e Ciências Sociais-UNIJUI. Essa prática aconteceu no VI Colóquio Internacional da Rede Latino-Americana de Didática da Geografia (2021) e seu valor está em ter se constituído uma instância de intercâmbio e reflexão crítica entre os grupos de pesquisa. Em primeiro lugar, é feita uma apresentação acadêmica e institucional dos grupos mencionados; em segundo lugar, uma análise de cada uma das obras recebidas, destacando suas contribuições conceituais e didáticas. Por fim, ocorre uma síntese da abordagem disciplinar e pedagógica da proposta de trabalho desenvolvida pelo grupo brasileiro, em consonância com as correntes de pensamento geográfico compartilhadas pela REDLADGEO

Defining the expression hierarchy of latent T-cell epitopes in Epstein-Barr virus infection with TCR-like antibodies

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a gamma herpesvirus that causes a life-long latent infection in human hosts. The latent gene products LMP1, LMP2A and EBNA1 are expressed by EBV-associated tumors and peptide epitopes derived from these can be targeted by CD8 Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte (CTL) lines. Whilst CTL-based methodologies can be utilized to infer the presence of specific latent epitopes, they do not allow a direct visualization or quantitation of these epitopes. Here, we describe the characterization of three TCR-like monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the latent epitopes LMP1[subscript 125–133], LMP2A[subscript 426–434] or EBNA1[subscript 562–570] in association with HLA-A0201. These are employed to map the expression hierarchy of endogenously generated EBV epitopes. The dominance of EBNA1[subscript 562–570] in association with HLA-A0201 was consistently observed in cell lines and EBV-associated tumor biopsies. These data highlight the discordance between MHC-epitope density and frequencies of associated CTL with implications for cell-based immunotherapies and/or vaccines for EBV-associated disease

Caloric restriction counteracts age-dependent changes in prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) 3 expression

Caloric restriction remains the most reproducible measure known to extend life span or diminish age-associated changes. Previously, we have described an elevated expression of the prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) 3 with increasing age in mouse and human heart. PHDs modulate the cellular response towards hypoxia by regulating the stability of the α-subunit of the transcriptional activator hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). In the present study we demonstrate that elevated PHD3, but not PHD1 or PHD2, expression is not restricted to the heart but does also occur in rat skeletal muscle and liver. Elevated expression of PHD3 is counteracted by a decrease in caloric intake (40% caloric restriction applied for 6 months) in all three tissues. Age-associated changes in PHD3 expression inversely correlated with the expression of the HIF-target gene macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which has been previously described to be involved in cellular HIF-mediated anti-ageing effects. These data give insight into the molecular consequences of caloric restriction, which influences hypoxia-mediated gene expression via PHD3