A educação CTS nos anos iniciais : um olhar dos professores sobre o livro didático

Pesquisa que trata sobre o olhar do professor sobre o livro didático de Ciências dos anos iniciais, focalizado na educação Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade (CTS). O objetivo consistiu em identificar de que maneiras os professores percebem que o livro didático, de 4º e 5º ano, utilizado por eles, apresenta potencial para a educação CTS. Metodologia de abordagem qualitativa, com realização de oficina pedagógica e utilização de um roteiro de análise para os professores se posicionarem sobre o livro didático que utilizam. A análise textual discursiva direcionou o tratamento dos dados. Os resultados apontaram que os professores identificam algumas potencialidades para a educação CTS, tais como: abordagens sociais e ambientais ao tratar sobre o desmatamento, impactos das indústrias, os riscos e benefícios de algumas intervenções humanas no ambiente, dentre outras

Smoking prevalence and effects on treatment outcomes in patients with tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE: More than 20% of tuberculosis (TB) cases worldwide are attributable to smoking, and it is associated with an increased risk of latent and active TB, recurrence, and mortality. The aim of this study is to assess the smoking prevalence and the effects on treatment outcomes in TB patients. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted in patients with a recent TB diagnosis. The smoking status was defined, in addition to the patients’ knowledge and attitudes toward smoking. The patients were followed up until the end of the treatment, and the treatment result was recorded. RESULTS: Ninety-two patients were included in this study. The prevalence of active smoking was 31.5%. Active smokers had less chance for cure (62.1% versus 82.5%; p=0.032) and more treatment dropout (31.0% versus 12.7%; p=0.035) than non-active smokers. Patients demonstrated positive attitudes and good knowledge about smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Active smokers had less chance for cure and more abandonment than non-active smokers. These results can be useful for the proper planning of actions that impact TB control, especially in the treatment results, such as cognitive-behavioral approaches to smoking cessation

Atypical intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma with two years of evolution and cutaneous infiltration

The intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare lesion that frequently affects the posterior region of the mandible. This case reports a multilocular osteolytic radiolucency with two years of evolution, that expanded and perforated the cortical bone, with irregular and indefinite margins, that extended from the mandibular angle to the ascendant ramus, with cutaneous ulceration, detected in a 51 years-old male. An incisional biopsy was performed and confirmed the diagnosis of low-grade intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The patient was submitted to partial mandibulectomy, neck dissection and post-operative radiotherapy. In three years of follow-up, there was no evidence of tumor recurrence. This case report reinforces that even a low-grade intraosseous mandibular mucoepidermoid carcinoma tends to expand and to perforate the bone cortical, infiltrating to adjacent soft tissues, in long time of evolution

Satisfação no trabalho e retenção de profissionais em organizações de TI públicas e privadas

Purpose: Examine the relationship between global job satisfaction, as well as the dimensions of satisfaction (satisfaction with the nature of work, colleagues, leadership, salary and promotions), with the retention of IT professionals in public and private IT institutions.   Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 252 professionals from IT institutions (139 from public institutions and 113 from private institutions) located in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data were collected using a survey and analyzed via Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.   Findings: There was no positive correlation between the measures of global satisfaction nor the satisfaction with the nature of work, colleagues, leadership and promotions with retention of professionals. Only the satisfaction with salary showed positive correlation with retention of IT professionals in public and private IT institutions.   Practical implications: These results set the ground for the establishment of policies aimed at retaining IT professionals, especially related to salary.   Originality/value: This study investigates not only the global measurement of satisfaction but also its dimensions. The study shows for the first time that global job satisfaction isn’t retaining professionals in public not private IT organizations, and that retention strategies need to focus especially on salary satisfaction of these professionals.Objetivo: Examinar a relação da satisfação global no trabalho, assim como das dimensões da satisfação (satisfação com a natureza do trabalho, satisfação com os colegas, satisfação com a chefia, satisfação com o salário, satisfação com as promoções), com a retenção de profissionais de TI em organizações de TI públicas e privadas.   Design/metodologia/abordagem: Participaram da pesquisa 252 profissionais (139 de organizações públicas e 113 de organizações privadas) de organizações localizadas no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de survey e analisados por meio do teste estatístico de Spearman.   Resultados: Não houve relação positiva entre a medida global de satisfação dos profissionais de TI e das dimensões satisfação com colegas, satisfação com a chefia, satisfação com a natureza do trabalho e satisfação com as promoções e a sua retenção. Apenas a satisfação com o salário apresentou relação positiva com a retenção dos profissionais nas organizações de TI públicas e privadas.   Implicações práticas: Os resultados encontrados geram insumos para o estabelecimento de políticas de retenção dos profissionais de TI, especialmente relacionadas ao salário.   Originalidade/valor: Este estudo investigou não apenas a medida global de satisfação com o trabalho, mas também as suas dimensões. O estudo demonstra, de forma inédita, que a medida global de satisfação com o trabalho não retém profissionais de TI em organizações de TI públicas e privadas e que estratégias de retenção precisam focar especialmente na satisfação desses profissionais com o seu salário

FATORES ASSOCIADOS À TUBERCULOSE NAS POPULAÇÕES VULNERÁVEIS EM FEIRA DE SANTANA – BA

A tuberculose (TB) é uma infecção bacteriana de alta transmissibilidade, caracterizada como problema de saúde pública devido a altas taxas de incidência e prevalência, sendo potencializada pelos determinantes sociais ( Maciel, 2016; San Pedro et al., 2017). Entre as populações expostas, podem-se destacar as populações vulneráveis como as pessoas em situação de rua, pessoas privadas de liberdade, imigrantes, profissionais de saúde, que faraõ parte da pesquisa

In vitro organogenesis in tomato cultivars is enhanced by gas exchange and application of ultrasound / A organogênese in vitro de cultivares de tomate é aumentada pela promoção das trocas gasosas e ultrassom

The success of in vitro regeneration protocols is dependent of biological, chemical and physical factors. The manipulation of the microenvironment by enhancing gas exchange and ultrasound are physical improvements that potentially contribute to optimize in vitro responses. The present study evaluated the effect of gas exchange, by natural ventilation, on in vitro germination and further regeneration competence of explants exposed to sonication. For this, three tomato genotypes ‘Moneymaker’, ‘NCEBR-2’ and ‘Santa Clara’. Cotyledonary and hypocotiledonary explants were subjected to ultrasound times (0, 3, 6, and 9 seconds) in order to figure out its influence on morphogenesis and regeneration. The results appoint the higher that gas exchange increased morphogenic growth responses in all the genotypes with a significant increase in cotyledon area and hypocotyl length in germination and biomass accumulation. The sonication time influenced the number of shoots higher than 0.5 cm and number of leaflets, showing an interaction between sonication and sealing type, highlighting the effect of exposure time to sonication on morphogenesis. In this study, we show for the first time the stimulation of organogenesis by the interaction of physical factors in in vitro culture: the use of high quality explants, obtained by enhanced gas exchange and the application of ultrasound. We suggest that these factors significant increase the quantity of organogenesis and reducing the time consumed in the in vitro process, using simple, reliable and cheap treatments as gas exchange facilitators caps and ultrasound.

Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

OBJECTIVES: In tuberculosis treatment, corticosteroids are used as adjuvants, especially in meningeal/pericardial tuberculosis. In other forms of the disease, especially in severe tuberculosis requiring mechanical ventilation, its use is controversial. The aim of the present study is to assess whether the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in mechanical ventilation is associated with in-hospital mortality. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study. Tuberculosis patients >18 years requiring mechanical ventilation, admitted to the emergency department or intensive care unit, were included. Data on corticosteroid use and mortality were collected. RESULTS: In total, 467 patients were included in the analysis; 399 used corticosteroids and 68 were noncorticosteroid users. The mortality rate was higher among corticosteroid users (59.9%) than in noncorticosteroid users (41.2%) (p=0.010). The total dose of corticosteroid in prednisone equivalents was not different between survivors and nonsurvivors (median [interquartile range]: 80 mg [5–56.6 mg] vs. 80 mg [50–135 mg]; p=0.881). CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis patients in mechanical ventilation who used corticosteroids had a higher mortality rate than those who did not use corticosteroids. The role of corticosteroids in pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in critically ill patients, remains unclear and needs further evaluation in prospective studies