Cervical Lymphadenopathy as the First Presentation of Sigmoid Colon Cancer

The most common metastatic sites for colorectal carcinomas include the liver,lungs, brain, bones and peritoneal surfaces. In this report, a case of sigmoid coloncarcinoma presented with cervical lymphadenopathy was detected with the help ofPET/CT. A 57 year-old male presented with a complaint of swelling on the left sideof his neck. Ultrasonographic examination of the neck revealed three hypoechoic,peripherally vascularized lymph nodes with the largest diameter of 3cm. The thyroidgland was normal. Fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed and the pathology resultwas a metastatic carcinoma. He underwent a PET/CT scan to search for the primarycarcinoma which showed increased standardized uptake value of 13.2 in the left colonand 10.8 in the left cervical region. Colonoscopy showed an ulcerated mass lesion withobstruction of the lumen in the sigmoid colon.The patient had an anterior resection ofthe sigmoid colon with simultaneous resection of cervical lymph nodes. There was noevidence of intra-abdominal dissemination during surgery. The lymph nodes removedfrom the neck were also reportedas metastatic adenocarcinoma. The patient underwentsix cycles of adjuvant FOL FOX chemotherapy regimen. The patient has remaineddisease free after nine months of follow-up. PET/CT was a quick, effective method forthe detection of the primary tumor in the sigmoid colon. In additional to colonicresection and systemic therapy, palliative local control can also be achieved with theexcision of metastatic lymph nodes in the neck

Temperature, strain and charge mediated multiple and dynamical phase changes of selenium and tellurium

Demirci, Salih/0000-0002-1272-9603; Jahangirov, Seymur/0000-0002-0548-4820WOS: 000516533300035PubMed: 31970352Semiconducting selenium and tellurium in their 3D bulk trigonal structures consist of parallel and weakly interacting helical chains of atoms and display a number of peculiarities. We predict that thermal excitations, 2D compressive strain and excess charge of positive and negative polarity mediate metal-insulator transitions by transforming these semiconductors into different metallic crystal structures. When heated to high temperature, or compressed, or charged positively, they change into a simple cubic structure with metallic bands, which is very rare among elemental crystals. When charged negatively, they transform first into body-centered tetragonal and subsequently into the body-centered orthorhombic structures with increasing negative charging. These two new structures stabilized by excess electrons also have overlapping metallic bands and quasi 2D and 1D substructures of lower dimensionality. Since the external charging of crystals can be achieved through their surfaces, the effects of charging on 2D structures of selenium and tellurium are also investigated. Similar structural transformations have been mediated also in 2D nanosheets and free-standing monolayers of these elements. These phase changes assisted by phonons are dynamical, reversible and tunable; the resulting metal-insulator transitions can occur within very short time intervals and may offer important device applications.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TuBTAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [118F097]; National Center for High Performance Computing of Turkey (UHeM)Istanbul Technical University [5004132016]; TuBA, Turkish Academy of Sciences The Academy of Science of Turkey; The Academy of Science of Turkey - Outstanding Young Scientists Award Program (TuBA-GEBIP)This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TuBTAK) under Project No 118F097. The computational resources are provided by TuBITAK ULAKBM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure) and the National Center for High Performance Computing of Turkey (UHeM) under Grant No. 5004132016. S. D. thanks UNAM, National Nanotechnology Center at Bilkent University for the hospitality. S. C. thanks TuBA, Turkish Academy of Sciences The Academy of Science of Turkey for the financial Support. S. J. acknowledges support from The Academy of Science of Turkey - Outstanding Young Scientists Award Program (TuBA-GEBIP)

Lateral Composite Structures of Graphene/Graphane/Graphone: Electronic Confinement, Heterostructures with Tunable Band Alignment, and Magnetic State

Graphene can be hydrogenated fully on both sides and also semihydrogenated on one side to constitute graphane and graphone, respectively. While both are wide band gap semiconductors, graphone also acquires a magnetic ground state originating from unpaired π-bonds. We predict that lateral composite structures/heterostructures can be constructed by the patterned dehydrogenation of graphane or graphone with commensurate interfaces, which display diverse physical properties depending on their constituents, interface geometry, and size. When constructed by consecutive graphane and graphene strips of very narrow width, they can attain exclusive electronic and magnetic properties in 2D, which are different from those of both parent materials. However, periodic and commensurate semiconductor–semiconductor heterostructures with straddling band alignment and tunable band gaps can form, if the widths of strips with the armchair interface are wide enough to entail confinements of electronic states and hence to change the dimensionality of the system from 2D to 1D. Depending on the type of zigzag interface, periodic heterostructures attain spin polarized straddling band alignments. Composite structures patterned on graphone can form magnetic semiconductor–semiconductor heterostructures, which have different staggered band alignments for different spin polarization. Specifically, under the in-plane electric field, a single heterostructure constructed on zigzag nanoribbons can change its magnetic state and start to operate as a magnetic diode for one spin direction. All of these composite structures, which allow electronic confinement followed by a change of dimensionality, offer various quantum structures and functionalities with potential applications in spintronics

Magnetization of silicene via coverage with gadolinium: Effects of thickness, symmetry, strain, and coverage

When covered by gadolinium (Gd) atoms, silicene, a freestanding monolayer of Si atoms in a honeycomb network, remains stable above the room temperature and becomes a two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic semiconductor, despite the antiferromagnetic ground state of three-dimensional bulk GdSi2 crystal. In thin GdSi2 multilayers, even if magnetic moments are ordered parallel in the same Gd atomic planes, they are antiparallel between nearest Gd planes; hence they exhibit a ferrimagnetic behavior. In contrast, a freestanding Gd2Si2 monolayer constructed by covering silicene from both sides by Gd atoms is a stable antiferromagnetic metal due to the mirror symmetry. While multilayers covered by Gd from both sides having an odd number of Gd planes have a ferrimagneticlike ground state, even-numbered ones have antiferromagnetic ground state, but none of them is ferromagnetic. Silicon atoms intervening between Gd planes are responsible for these intriguing magnetic orders conforming with the recent experiments performed on Si(111) surface. Additionally, the magnetic states of these 2D gadolinium disilicide monolayers can be monitored by applied tensile strain and by the coverage/decoration of Gd. These predictions obtained by using first-principles, spin-polarized, density functional theory calculations combined with Monte Carlo simulations herald that C, B, Si, Ge, Sn, and their compounds functionalized by rare-earth atoms can lead to novel nanostructures in 2D spintronics

Modification of electronic structure, magnetic structure, and topological phase of bismuthene by point defects

Akturk, Ethem/0000-0002-1615-7841; Demirci, Salih/0000-0002-1272-9603WOS: 000418655400016This paper reveals how the electronic structure, magnetic structure, and topological phase of two-dimensional (2D), single-layer structures of bismuth are modified by point defects. We first showed that a free-standing, single-layer, hexagonal structure of bismuth, named h-bismuthene, exhibits nontrivial band topology. We then investigated interactions between single foreign adatoms and bismuthene structures, which comprise stability, bonding, electronic structure, and magnetic structures. Localized states in diverse locations of the band gap and resonant states in band continua of bismuthene are induced upon the adsorption of different adatoms, which modify electronic and magnetic properties. Specific adatoms result in reconstruction around the adsorption site. Single vacancies and divacancies can form readily in bismuthene structures and remain stable at high temperatures. Through rebondings, Stone-Whales-type defects are constructed by divacancies, which transform into a large hole at high temperature. Like adsorbed adatoms, vacancies induce also localized gap states, which can be eliminated through rebondings in divacancies. We also showed that not only the optical and magnetic properties, but also the topological features of pristine h-bismuthene can be modified by point defects. The modification of the topological features depends on the energies of localized states and also on the strength of coupling between point defects.TUBA, Turkish Academy of Sciences (Turkey); Research Fund of Adnan Menderes University (Turkey) [MF-16004]The computational resources are provided by TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TR-Grid e-Infrastructure). S.C. acknowledge financial support from TUBA, Turkish Academy of Sciences (Turkey). This research was supported by Research Fund of Adnan Menderes University (Turkey), Project No. MF-16004. We thank Dominik Gresch for helpful discussions on operating Z2-PACK

The role of laparoscopic staging for the management of gastric cancer

AİM Staging laparoscopy enables us to perform palliative treatment, neo-adjuvant therapy for curative resection or direct curative resection and making a decision with minimal morbidity by avoiding from unnecessary laparotomies. In the present study, the importance of staging lapafoscopy was retrospectively investigated by using clinical and pathologic data. METHODS Data of 70 out of 350 patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy due to gastric cancer at Surgical Oncology department between August 2013 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Peritoneal biopsy was positive for malignity in 41 (58.5%) and negative in 29 (41.5%) of the patients who underwent SL. Peritoneal cytology (PC) results were negative in 32 (45.7%) patients and positive in 38 (54.3%) patients. Peritoneal biopsy and cytology results were concurrently positive in 35 patients and concurrently negative in 26 patients. CONCLUSİONS In conclusion, even the most developed imaging methods cannot provide 100% staging, therefore SL plays an important role in treatment of gastric cancer and laparoscopic staging is essential as a simple, inexpensive, safe and well tolerated method in patients who have the suspicion of peritoneal disease and who cannot be clearly evaluated with pre-operative methods

Znaczenie laparoskopowej oceny zaawansowania w leczeniu raka żołądka

Cel: Laparoskopia z oceną zaawansowania (ang. staging laparoscopy; SL) pozwala na wdrożenie leczenia paliatywnego, terapii neoadjuwantowej przed leczeniem operacyjnym lub na bezpośrednią resekcję radykalną oraz na ustalenie strategii postępowania, co pozwala ograniczyć śmiertelność poprzez uniknięcie niepotrzebnych laparotomii. W naszym badaniu retrospektywnie oceniliśmy znaczenie laparoskopii z oceną zaawansowania w oparciu o dane kliniczne i histopatologiczne. Metody : Analizie retrospektywnej poddano dane 70 z 350 pacjentów poddawanych diagnostycznej laparoskopii z powodu raka żołądka w Klinice Chirurgii Onkologicznej od sierpnia 2013 do stycznia 2020 roku. Wyniki: Biopsja otrzewnej była dodatnia na obecność komórek nowotworowych u 41 (58,5%) pacjentów i ujemna u 29 (41,5%) pacjentów poddawanych SL. Cytologia płynu z otrzewnej była ujemna u 32 (45,7%) pacjentów i dodatnia u 38 (54,3%) pacjentów. Wyniki biopsji i cytologii były równocześnie dodatnie u 35 pacjentów i jednocześnie ujemne u 26 pacjentów. Wnioski: Podsumowując, nawet najbardziej zaawansowane metody obrazowania nie pozawalają w 100% ocenić zaawansowania procesu nowotworowego, tym samym SL odgrywa istotną rolę w leczeniu pacjentów z rakiem żołądka. Laparoskopowa ocena zaawansowania, jako zabieg prosty, tani, bezpieczny i dobrze tolerowany, powinna stanowić podstawę postępowania u pacjentów z podejrzeniem zajęcia otrzewnej, u których nie udaje się w pełni ocenić zaawansowania choroby badaniami przedoperacyjnymi

Brachial Artery Vasospasm Caused by Cervical Dorsal Root Ganglion Degeneration After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

CAKIR, TAYFUN/0000-0002-9979-9291; Kanat, Ayhan/0000-0002-8189-2877WOS: 000469222400111PubMed: 30872193PURPOSE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may lead to vasospasm in various vessels. the cervical nerves have a vasodilatory effect on the upper extremity arteries. the aim of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between C6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) degeneration and brachial artery (BA) vasospasm after spinal SAH. METHODS: This experimental study was conducted on 23 rabbits. the animals were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 5), SHAM (n = 5), and study group (n = 13). One cubic centimeter (cc) of serum saline was injected into the cisterna magna of animals of the SHAM group; the same procedure was performed by 1 cc of homologous blood in the study group. Degenerated neuron densities (DNDs) of DRGs (n/mm(3)) at C6 levels and BA vasospasm indexes (VSI; wall surface/lumen surface) of all animals were determined and results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Mean VSI values of BAs and DNDs of C(6)DRGs of the control, SHAM, and study groups were estimated as 10 +/- 3/1.12 +/- 0.11 n/mm(3), 34 +/- 9/1.27 +/- 0.24 n/mm(3), and 1031 +/- 145/2.93 +/- 0.78 n/mm(3), respectively. Mean DNDs and VSI values were statistically significantly different between the control and study groups (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: C(6)DRG degeneration may be considered as an important factor in the etiopathogenesis of severe BA vasospasm after SAH

Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Prognostic Marker of Late Recurrence in Operable Gastric Cancer: a Dual-Center Study

Aim To evaluate the prognostic role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with operable gastric cancer. Methods We assessed 354 patients with operable gastric cancer from tertiary centers in Turkey. SII was calculated by following formula: [neutrophil (cells x 10(9)/L) x platelet (cells x 10(9)/L)]/lymphocyte (cells x 10(9)/L). The best cut-off value for SII was determined by using "receiver operating characteristics (ROC)" analysis. We used log-rank and Cox-regression analysis for survival analyses. Results One hundred twenty patients were in the late recurrence group (recurrences have developed 36 months after the surgery). SII was not a prognostic factor in the early recurrence group. However, relapse-free survival (RFS) was longer in SII-low patients than SII-high patients in the late recurrence group. In multivariable analysis, SII was the only independent prognostic factor for RFS in the late recurrence group (hazard ratio (HR): 5.42, 95% CI: 1.18-24.82, p = 0.03). Conclusion SII was an independent prognostic factor for RFS in GC patients with late recurrence. Late recurrence risk was higher in SII-high patients than SII-low patients. Inflammation contributes to tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Prolonged exposure to chronic inflammation could explain the results of this study