Bayesian modelling of an absolute chronology for Egypt's 18th Dynasty by astrophysical and radiocarbon methods

Only a few astrophysical points and synchronisms listed in texts provide anchor points for the absolute chronology of Ancient Egypt. At first we will show how we can re-calculate some of these anchor points by using Sothic dating based on the arcus visionis method, and modelling lunar dates using a Bayesian approach. Then, we will discuss two radiocarbon studies carried out on short-lived Egyptian materials held at the Louvre Museum that could be attributed to particular reigns or other precise periods. Using a Bayesian approach, these dates were combined with the known order of succession and the lengths of reigns. Sothic and lunar dates were integrated as priors in the model. This approach has led to a new proposal for the absolute chronology of Egypt's 18th Dynasty

Collisions between vector and scalar spatial solitons in Kerr media

International audienceExperimental observation and numerical results concerning collisions between scalar and vector spatial solitons in a Kerr planar waveguide are presented. It is shown that this configuration allows for the full control of spatial and polarization dynamics of the interacting vector solitons. On the one hand, the ability to achieve polarization control of a single-hump vector soliton is demonstrated. On the other hand, the effect of collision on the spatial symmetry-breaking dynamics of multimode vector solitons is investigated

Collision between scalar and vector spatial solitons in Kerr media

International audienceExperimental observation and numerical results concerning collisions between scalar and vector spatial solitons in a Kerr planar waveguide are presented. It is shown that this configuration allows for the full control of spatial and polarization dynamics of the interacting vector solitons. On the one hand, the ability to achieve polarization control of a single-hump vector soliton is demonstrated. On the other hand, the effect of collision on the spatial symmetry-breaking dynamics of multimode vector solitons is investigated

Spontaneous 2D modulation instability in second harmonic generation process

International audienceTwo-dimensional modulation instability (2DMI) is experimentally demonstrated in a classical second harmonic generation setup. The spatial spectrum is measured and reveals typical 2DMI bands, in agreement with the analytical MI model. These observations are confirmed by (2+1)D numerical simulations

Observation expérimentale d'un soliton spatial bicolore dans un milieu Kerr en présence de diffusion Raman stimulée

Nous présentons une étude de la dynamique du soliton spatial Kerr en présence de diffusion Raman stimulée dans un guide plan non linéaire et montrons qu'un faisceau localisé spatialement, comportant deux fréquences et possédant les caractéristiques d'un soliton est ainsi généré

Demonstration of an All-Fiber Broadband Optical Parametric Amplifier at 1 µm

International audienceIn this paper, an optical parametric amplifier and wavelength converter in an all-fiber optical configuration is experimentally demonstrated for photonic applications in the 1 μm band. This is achieved by using a microstructured fiber which provides anomalous dispersion at 1 μm and an LiNbO3 electro-optic intensity modulator specially designed at this operating wavelength for generating pump pulses. A gain of greater than 30 dB together with highly efficient wavelength conversion is obtained at 1053 nm. The gain bandwidth and gain-power efficiency are also investigated. Experimental results agree well with the theory of parametric amplification including Raman scattering

All-fiber optical parametric amplifier at 1 μm using a microstructured fiber

International audienceWe demonstrate experimentally an all-fiber optical parametric amplifier and wavelength converter at 1μm using a microstructured fiber and an electro-optical intensity modulator. A gain of 40 dB is obtained for a signal at 1053 nm. The experimental gain bandwidth agrees well with the theoretical one including Raman gain

'Aurora'-a time domain based meta-algorithm for the rapid simulation and design of complex optical circuits

A new simulation tool called ‘Aurora’, specifically developed to efficiently simulate highly complex optical devices such as OADMs and Routers based on (higher order)microring resonators, is presented. The meta-simulation algorithm used by Aurora creates a framework in which many different simulation algorithms can be properly combined rather than providing a simulation algorithm itself. The calculations of this program use a simple scheme based in the time domain from which the frequency response can easily be derived. Simulation results of a 4-port OADM and waveguide gratings show excellent agreement when compared to experimentally obtained measurement data and conventional simulation methods

Frequency-selective excitation of guided acoustic modes in a photonic crystal fiber

International audienceWe present experimental and numerical results demonstrating the simultaneous frequency-selective excitation of several guided acoustic Brillouin modes in a photonic crystal fiber with a multi-scale structure design. These guided acoustic modes are identified by using a full vector finite-element model to result from elastic radial vibrations confined by the wavelength-scale air-silica microstructure. We further show the strong impact of structural irregularities of the fiber on the frequency and modal shape of these acoustic resonances

Comparison of Two Bone-Preparation Methods for Radiocarbon Dating: Modified Longin and Ninhydrin

International audienceABSTRACT In this paper, first results comparing modified Longin and ninhydrin collagen extraction methodologies are presented. The goal of this study is to investigate the bones of several species with different ages, preservation conditions, and collagen contents to determine the most suitable preparation method. Different types of samples are used such as VIRI samples, previously dated bones, and background samples. Each bone has undergone elemental analysis, infrared analysis, and 14 C measurement. The results are presented and the advantages and disadvantages of each preparation method are discussed. In general, results obtained by the two methods are in accordance with the consensus value for 2σ uncertainty. For VIRI I and a mammoth bone, the ninhydrin preparation gives, respectively, 8450±70 BP and 14,870±60 BP whereas the modified Longin process gives 8365±45 BP and 14,750±100 BP in agreement with the expected values. From the experimental point of view, the modified Longin process is easier to implement than the ninhydrin protocol. From this approach, we can conclude that the modified Longin process could be preferred in most cases and particularly when the amount of bone is small and the sample is not too contaminated