Heavy Metal Tolerance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, non-fermentative Gram-negative bacterium widespread in the environment. S. maltophilia Sm777 exhibits innate resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, this bacterium tolerates high levels (0.1 to 50 mM) of various toxic metals, such as Cd, Pb, Co, Zn, Hg, Ag, selenite, tellurite and uranyl. S. maltophilia Sm777 was able to grow in the presence of 50 mM selenite and 25 mM tellurite and to reduce them to elemental selenium (Se0) and tellurium (Te0) respectively. Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed cytoplasmic nanometer-sized electron-dense Se0 granules and Te0 crystals. Moreover, this bacterium can withstand up to 2 mM CdCl2 and accumulate this metal up to 4% of its biomass. The analysis of soluble thiols in response to ten different metals showed eightfold increase of the intracellular pool of cysteine only in response to cadmium. Measurements by Cd K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy indicated the formation of Cd-S clusters in strain Sm777. Cysteine is likely to be involved in Cd tolerance and in CdS-clusters formation. Our data suggest that besides high tolerance to antibiotics by efflux mechanisms, S. maltophilia Sm777 has developed at least two different mechanisms to overcome metal toxicity, reduction of oxyanions to non-toxic elemental ions and detoxification of Cd into CdS

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Récidives de maladie thrombo-embolique veineuse après un premier épisode survenu sous contraception oestroprogestative

CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

i - Deciphering the Binary Code “Egyptian versus Foreigner” in Egyptian Cinema

In 2016, emigration is more than ever a massive phenomenon in Egypt which both strongly affects the everyday lives of Egyptians and is central in Egyptian cultural production. This article aims to explore how the Egyptian cinema contributes to forging a binary code that differentiates between “Egyptian” and “For-eigner”. It argues that Egyptians who live abroad may also be perceived as potential foreigners for those left in Egypt. After briefly describing the corpus of seven emigration films, the article sketches a cartog-raphy of the geographic imaginaries of migration, which is paradoxically more oriented toward the West, while in fact the majority of Egyptians abroad are in the Gulf. Finally, it demonstrates how movie directors have produced a very pessimistic vision of emigration, in a manner that is equally critical of the countries of arrival as of Egyptian society. Their discourse on the theme of the migrant’s identity, on the personal, familial and national levels, resonates with the social imaginary concerning migration, which is dominated by a nationalist paradigm. Are we nevertheless witnessing the emergence of a transnational cinema, that is, one that envisages the possibility of an identity that is simultaneously of here and elsewhere?Key words: Egypt, cinema, migration, transnational, foreigne

Migration and non-integration in two non-western cities: Dubai and Singapore

Asian Population Studies162119-12

Modélisation de l’architecture racinaire dans FLORSYS et perspectives : Application à la modélisation du parasitisme par l’orobanche rameuse

National audienc

Migrants in Global Cities in Asia and the Gulf: Cosmopolitan Dialectics and Non-Integration

10.1080/13604813.2020.1843278City2405-06793-80

Metamodelling a 3D architectural root-system model to provide a simple model based on key processes and species functional groups

International audienceAims The architecture of root systems determines where and how much resources plants can extract from the soil, how they compete for soil resources, and how they interact with soil organisms. We aimed to develop a 3D root-system model called RSCone for future inclusion into multispecies individual-based canopy models suitable to design integrated weed management or intercropping strategies. Methods We (1) proposed a conceptual root-system model consisting of empirical equations predicting root-system envelope, root length and biomass distribution from environmental conditions, species and plant stage, (2) calibrated the model from simulations with an existing architectural root-system model (ArchiSimple) to benefit from its knowledge on root functioning and the many parameterized crop and weed species, (3) identified the root-system architectural processes driving the key root state variables and (4) established species functional groups with Principal Component Analyses and clustering. Results RSCone consists of 17 equations and 14 parameters; it was calibrated for 22 weeds and 22 crop species and varieties. Six species functional groups were established, depending on their family (Poaceae, Fabaceae, other), root-extension rates, specific root length (SRL) and the time to reach maximum SRL. Conclusion RSCone is ready to be included into multispecies (crop and/or weed) dynamics models