The Impact of Time Outdoors on Pro-Environmental Behaviours as a Function of Child and Teacher Connectedness to Nature

This item is only available electronically.Amongst children, spending time in nature plays an important role in establishing a desire to protect the environment, however may be dependent on the development of a connection towards the nature they spend time in. As a result of increased urbanisation, children are becoming increasingly distant from nature—both physically and cognitively. Therefore, future global conservation may be reliant on children forming meaningful connections to nature as a result of outdoor engagement. Given the importance of early role models, and extensive time spent in educational settings, teachers may also play an important part in developing this connection to nature in children. Using survey responses from 352 Australian primary school students, mediation analysis was used to determine if nature connection is an underlying mechanism in the relationship between spending time outdoors and pro-environmental behaviours. Further, within a sub-sample of 62 students and 44 teachers, we explored whether the level of teacher nature connectedness acts as a moderator of this mediation relationship. The results showed that developing a connection to nature partially mediated a relationship between spending time in nature and pro-environmental behaviours. Despite teacher nature connection predicting child connectedness, the smaller model was not able to replicate the initial mediation pathway. Early connection to nature as a consequence of time spent outdoors appears to play an important role in promoting pro-environmental behaviour in children. These results have important implications for global conservation, and suggest that the education setting may provide a convenient context for meaningful nature experiences to be fostered.Thesis (B.PsychSc(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 202

Media Framing in South Korean Drama “Crash Landing on You” towards North Korea

The Korean Wave or well known as Hallyu has become more popular time by times. It shows when the entertainment industry could reach overseas audience and the example is through K-Drama called “Crash Landing on You”. This drama caught the audience attention by the story that they offers and this drama involving the story about South Korea and North Korea that also received several criticism from South Korean and North Korean audience about the story that the drama offers. This journal will discuss about the framing in the drama based on Goffman and Entman perspective and what kind of framing that they implement in this drama. Keyword: Benefits of Concept Framing, Crash Landing on You, Framing, K-Drama Korean Broadcasting, Natural Framework, North Korea, Primary Framework, Social Framework, South Korea

The impact of greenhouse gases on the agroecosystem and organic production in western Croatia

Početkom 20. stoljeća javlja se veliki problem proizvodnje dovoljne količine hrane dok su brzi napredak industrije kao i sve veća brojnost stanovništav dovele do velikih zagađenja ekosustava i klimatskih promjena. Kemijska poljoprivredna revolucija odnosno intenzivna poljoprivreda prihvaća naizgled suvremeni oblik proizvodnje koji uključuje veliku primjenu mineralnih gnojiva, pesticida, fungicida te intenzivnu stočarsku proizvodnju kojom bi se u vrlo kratkom vremenu ostvarili veliki prinosi. Međutim dugoročna primjena raznih agrotehničkih mjera nesustavnim i neadekvatnim načinom znatno su degradirale poljoprivredno tlo, osiromašile tlo i ostavile trajne posljedice na čitavi agroekosustav. Tek krajem 20 stoljeća javljaju se razni oblici poljoprivredne proizvodnje koji nude upotrebu organskih gnojiva kako bi se oporavilo tlo odnosno kojim bi se utjecalo na poboljšanje mnogih fizikalno kemijskih procesa kao i svojstva u tlu. Dodatkom različitih biopreparata, planiranom proizvodnjom i održivim razvojem u dugoročnom smislu predstavljaju očuvanje prirode i okoliša. Također vremenske prilike se danas mogu sa točnošću prognozirati - agrometerologija gdje u predviđanju kišnih i sušnih razdoblja možemo izračunati izravne prinose različitih poljodjelskih kultura.In the early 20th century, there is a big problem of production sufficient quantities of food while the rapid progress of industry and a growing number of the population have led to major pollution of ecosystems and climate change. Chemical agricultural revolution and intensive agriculture accepts seemingly modern form of production, which includes extensive application of fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides and intensive livestock production would be in a very short time made great returns. But long-term use of various agricultural practices in random and inadequate way of significantly degraded agricultural land, depleted soil and left lasting effects on the entire ecosystem. There are various forms of agricultural production, in the late 20th century that offer the use of organic fertilizers in order to recover the ground that that would affect the improvement of many physical and chemical processes and properties of the soil. The addition of various bioproducts, planned production and sustainable development in the long term represent the preservation of nature and environment. Also weather today can predict with accuracy - agrometerologija where in predicting the rainy and dry periods can be calculated direct offerings of various agricultural crops. On the basis of such information appropriate technical measures could be taken like the fertilizing, spraying against pests and diseases, plans to irrigation and planing dates of sowing and harvesting

Standardised surface electromyography allows effective submental muscles assessment

The aims of this pilot study were to evaluate: (i) the reproducibility and variability of an electromyographical protocol developed for the assessment of submental muscles (SM) (ii) to apply the new protocol to maximal teeth clenching, a simple and largely studied static task in order to quantify the relative contribution of submental muscles. In 20 healthy subjects, aged 19-35years, surface electromyography of SM, masseter (MM) and anterior temporalis (TA) muscles was performed during maximal voluntary clenching (MVC) with and without cotton rolls and the pushing of the tongue against the palate. Clenching on cotton rolls and pushing the tongue against the palate were used to standardise respectively MM and TA, and SM muscular potentials. The exercises were repeated in two appointments (T1-T2); submental muscles standardisation was also repeated twice (A-B) in each session to assess repeatability. Symmetry and activity were calculated for each couple of muscles. A two-way analysis of variance was computed for SM: no Factor 1 (T1 vs T2) or Factor 2 (A vs B) or F1 7F2 significant effects were found. SM recruitment was 31% of the maximal activity, with symmetry values larger than 80%. In conclusion, standardised electromyography allows a reliable assessment of Submental muscles activity

Effect of different dental articulating papers on SEMG activity during maximum clenching

This study evaluated the influence of two different occlusal indicators (articulating papers of 40\u3bcm and 200\u3bcm) on muscular activity of the temporalis anterior (TA) and superficial masseter (MS) during maximum voluntary clenches (MVC), using surface electromyography (SEMG). It was hypothesized that an articulating paper positioned between dental arches during MVC elicits a different muscular activity compared with the occlusion on natural dentition (without the occlusal indicator). 30 healthy adult subjects with a complete, natural dentition were recruited; SEMG activity was recorded in the following experimental conditions: MVC with cotton rolls for standardization purposes; MVC on natural dentition; MVC onto the 40 \u3bcm or 200\u3bcm paper indicator positioned on right or left side of the dental arch. Percentage Overlapping Coefficient (POC; separate values obtained for TA and MS), antero-posterior coefficient (APC) and total muscle activities (IMP) were the analyzed SEMG parameters. The use of an occlusal indicator statistically changed POC_TA, POC_MS and IMP median values (p 0.05). In conclusion, the examined articulating papers affected two specific SEMG parameters (POC and IMP); the recorded muscular activity with the occlusal indicator varied regardless left or right side positioning, and independently from tested paper thicknesses

Implant surfaces exposed to the oral cavity and treated with toothpaste containing oxygen releasing compound : a morphological controlled clinical trial

Aim of the present in vivo study is to assess if a toothpaste containing an oxygen releasing compound (AX) is able to reduce the biofilm formation on implants with rough surface compared to a control toothpaste, without affecting the microstructure of the tested surface. Methods: In this double blind, cross-over, controlled clinical trial, a total of fourteen healthy volunteers were recruited. For each subject, two mandibular splints (test and control) were created with one implant fixed on the right lingual side of the mandibular arch. The splint was continuously worn for 5 days and the daily hygiene was performed wearing the splint and using the test (AX) or control toothpaste. Implants were analyzed at scanning-electron-microscopy and at laser profilometer for the assessment of biofilm adhesion (% of areas free from biofilm-FA) and surface changes (morphology and roughness). Results: FA resulted significantly higher in test than in control implants. No differences were found between groups in term of biofilm organization, surface microstructure and roughness. Discussion: Daily use of toothpaste containing AX seems to reduce the amount of biofilm adherent to the rough implant surface without corrosion or degradation of the titanium surface

Cephalometric traits in children and adolescents with and without atypical swallowing : a retrospective study

Aim It has been suggested that atypical swallowing (AS) may negatively influence the skeletal and alveolar development, but its specific effects are still unclear. The aim of this work is to compare the cephalometric characteristics of children and adolescents with and without AS. Materials and methods Study design: Case-control retrospective cross-sectional study. One hundred patients with (AS group) and 100 patients without AS (control group, C) were retrospectively selected. Their cephalometric data before orthodontic treatment were compared using a 3-way ANOVA variance test to detect any differences between groups considering: the type of swallowing (AS vs C); whether or not the second dentition was completed (SDC vs SDNC); and the gender (males-M and females-F). In addition, a Student-t test for unpaired data was carried out to detect differences between M and F within the AS and C groups. Results When compared to the controls, AS patients showed a significantly decreased SNB angle (p<.01), increased ANB and SN^Go. Me angles (p<.0001), increased overjet and lower facial height (p<.01), decreased overbite (p<.0001), and increased proclination of the upper incisors. AS-SDC patients also showed significantly increased alveolar length. Within the AS and C groups, skeletal and alveolar measurements were larger in males, with higher significance in the C group, suggesting a different trend of growth in AS patients. Conclusion AS seems to affect the skeletal growth causing mandibular clockwise rotation, skeletal Class II, open bite and incisor proclination. To compensate for these effects, an increase in alveolar growth together with molar eruption seems to be induced

Antimicrobial activity of zinc-doped hydroxyapatite coatings formed on titanium Ti6A14V surface for orthopedic implant

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most serious complications of prosthetic joint implantation leading to a longer hospitalization. S. aureus is the predominant cause of PJI followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stafilococci spp. coagulase negative. Several studies focused on the development of effective antibacterial surfaces that prevent bacterial adhesion, colonisation and proliferation into the surrounding tissues and it has been widely demonstrated that zinc ions (Zn2+) exhibit antimicrobial activity against various bacterial and fungal strains. In addition to its antimicrobial activities, zinc is important in healthy bone growth and development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of Zn2+ generated from the partial dissolution of Zn particles on surface of titanium discs, against S. aureus ATCC 29213. Hydroxyapatite (HA), and HA/Zn2+ doped discs were used. Each disc was incubated with bacterial suspension following standard ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) method. After, colony-forming unit (CFU) were counted. The results showed 1,7 log10 (97,8 %) CFU decrease vs untreated samples (p< 0.05), after 6 hours of incubation. To confirm quantitative data, morphological analysis was performed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). On HA disc, bacteria, recognized by the typical spherical shape, colonized micro and nano porosities surface assuming an homogeneous distribution, while on the surface doped with Zn2+, being smoother and less porous, the bacteria adhered to the surface in small colonies of about 2-10 bacteria. This new formulation of zinc coating could represent a promising approach for prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases

Rapid Maxillary Expander and Eruption Guidance Appliance therapy in skeletal Class II: cephalometric considerations

AIM: The use of rapid maxillary expander (RME) combined with eruption guidance appliances (EGA) represents a valid method in the treatment of skeletal Class II deep bite patients. In this paper a retrospective cephalometric study of the effects of RME and EGA therapy in Class II deep bite patients is described and compared with the treatment effects of patients with the same malocclusion treated only by RME. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre and post treatment cephalometric radiographs of 47 Class II division 1 deep bite growing patients treated with RME followed by EGA (mean age 9.65 years) (Group 1) were compared with those obtained from a control group (Group 2) of 44 patients (mean age 9.34 years) treated with RME only. The following cephalometric values were analized: SNA; SNB; ANB; SN-PNS.ANS; SN-Go.GN; N-Me; S-Go. RESULTS: Improvement in maxillo-mandibular relationship was observed in both groups with significantly higher decrease of SNA and ANB in group 1. The cranio-maxillary relation shows a tendency to grow downward and backward in both groups. Both anterior and posterior total facial heights showed a significant increase in group 1. CONCLUSIONS: RME followed by EGA therapy in Class II skeletal deep bite patients has shown better results compared with RME therapy without functional appliance