Sequences of chr2 in HoxD mutant lines

These sequences are in silico generated sequences of every deletion allele used in Rodriguez-Carballo et al. 2017.<br>They were constructed from chr2 sequence of the mm10 version of the mouse genome and were modified according to the publication of the corresponding line and sanger sequencing of some breakpoints.<br

Robotic Training System for Upper Limb Rehabilitation

Background: Robot-assisted therapy or exoskeleton is an active mechanical device that can be easily adjusted to fit a different patient limb length, and is able to coordinate and amplify movements. The aim of this study focuses on developing a robotic training system and quantification methods for upper limbs rehabilitation in clinic environments to be used in survivor stroke patients with motor disorders or loss of physical strength on one side of the body. Methods: From an integrated approach, a design of one exoskeleton is presented which allows patients perform complex movements in four degrees of freedom (DOF) rehabilitation system. The system is controlled by means of user interface developed with Lab view v8.6 software that supports control and user interaction with the exoskeleton; so it's possible for therapist to modify the patient routine including new movements and a number of repetitions in articulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist. On other hand system permits bio-feedback of electromyogram patient activity during rehabilitation sessions. Results: Biomechanical analyses and structure design, implementation of power systems, the development of the control system and user interface as well as its integration with the mechanical system is presented. Conclusions: A robot arm exoskeleton device with four DOF; able to develop complex, accurate and repetitive therapeutic routines for articulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist trough an interface is shown. The device permits to follow chronologically patient outcomes recording the electromyogram activity during rehabilitation progress.Introducción: Un exoesqueleto se conceptualiza como un mecanismo estructural externo cuyos segmentos y articulaciones se corresponden con las del cuerpo humano y es capaz de coordinar y amplificar sus movimientos. El objetivo del trabajo se enfoca en desarrollar una tecnología de plataforma robótica de asistencia y métodos de cuantifica-ción para la rehabilitación motora de miembros superiores en ambientes clínicos y ambulatorios para pacientes con afecciones motoras como resultado de enfermedades cerebro-vasculares. Métodos: Se presenta a partir de una concepción integradora el diseño del prototipo de un exoesqueleto que permite al paciente realizar movimientos combinados a partir de los cuatro grados de libertad que provee el dispositivo de rehabilitación. El sistema es controlado por medio de una interfaz de usuario desarrollada en Labview, que soporta el control e interacción del usuario con el exoesqueleto, lo cual posibilita que el terapeuta puede modificar la rutina que debe realizar el paciente incluyendo nuevas trayectorias y el número de repeticiones a seguir por el exoesqueleto en las articulaciones de hombro, codo y muñeca. Adicionalmente, posibilita la retroalimentación visual de la actividad electromiográfica del paciente durante la rehabilitación. Resultados: Se presenta el diseño mecánico de la armadura, la implementación de los sistemas de potencia, el desarrollo del sistema de control y de la interfaz de usuario, así como su integración con el sistema mecánico. Conclusiones: Se desarrolla y pone en funcionamiento una avanzada plataforma robótica capaz de desarrollar diversas rutinas terapéuticas combinando 4 grados de libertad en hombro, codo y muñeca, capaz de controlar a través de la interfaz desarrollada desplazamientos regulados, exactos y repetitivos, así como seguir cronológicamente la evolución del paciente registrando la actividad mioeléctrica durante el proceso de rehabilitación

Robotic Training System for Upper Limb Rehabilitation1

IntroIntroducción: Un exoesqueleto se conceptualiza como un mecanismo estructural externo cuyos segmentos y articulaciones se corresponden con las del cuerpo humano y es capaz de coordinar y amplificar sus movimientos. El objetivo del trabajo se enfoca en desarrollar una tecnología de plataforma robótica de asistencia y métodos de cuantificación para la rehabilitación motora de miembros superiores en ambientes clínicos y ambulatorios para pacientes con afecciones motoras como resultados de enfermedades cerebrovasculares.Métodos: Se presenta a partir de una concepción integradora el diseño del prototipo de un exoesqueleto que permite al paciente realizar movimientos combinados a partir de los cuatro grados de libertad que provee el dispositivo de rehabilitación. El sistema es controlado por medio de una interfaz de usuario desarrollada en Labview que soporta el control e interacción del usuario con el exoesqueleto, lo cual posibilita que el terapeuta puede modificar la rutina que debe realizar el paciente incluyendo nuevas trayectorias y el número de repeticiones a seguir por el exoesqueleto en las articulaciones de hombro, codo y muñeca. Adicionalmente, posibilita la retroalimentación visual de la actividad electromiográfica del paciente durante la rehabilitación.Resultados: Se presenta el diseño mecánico de la armadura, implementación de los sistemas de potencia, el desarrollo del sistema de control y de la interfaz de usuario así como su integración con el sistema mecánico.Conclusiones: Se desarrolla y pone en funcionamiento una avanzada plataforma robótica capaz de desarrollar diversas rutinas terapéuticas combinando 4 grados de libertad en hombro, codo y muñeca, capaz de controlar a través de la interfaz desarrollada desplazamientos regulados, exactos y repetitivos, así como seguir cronológicamente la evolución del paciente registrando la actividad mioeléctrica durante el proceso de rehabilitación.Background: Robot-assisted therapy or exoskeleton is an active mechanical device that can be easily adjusted to fit a different patient limb length, and is able to coordinate and amplify movements. The aim of this study focuses on developing a robotic training system and quantification methods for upper limbs rehabilitation in clinic environments to be used in survivor stroke patients with motor disorders or loss of physical strength on one side of the body.Methods: From an integrated approach, a design of one exoskeleton is presented which allows patients perform complex movements in four degrees of freedom (DOF) rehabilitation system. The system is controlled by means of user interface developed with Lab view v8.6 software that supports control and user interaction with the exoskeleton; so it’s possible for therapist to modify the patient routine including new movements and a number of repetitions in articulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist. On other hand system permits bio- feedback of electromyogram patient activity during rehabilitation sessions.Results: Biomechanical analyses and structure design, implementation of power systems, the development of the control system and user interface as well as its integration with the mechanical system is presented.Conclusions: A robot arm exoskeleton device with four DOF; able to develop complex, accurate and repetitive therapeutic routines for articulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist trough an interface is shown. The device permits to follow chronologically patient outcomes recording the electromyogram activity during rehabilitation progress. Background: Robot-assisted therapy or exoskeleton is anactive mechanical device that can be easily adjusted to fita different patient limb length, and is able to coordinateand amplify movements. The aim of this study focuses ondeveloping a robotic training system and quantificationmethods for upper limbs rehabilitation in clinic environmentsto be used in survivor stroke patients with motordisorders or loss of physical strength on one side of thebody. Methods: From an integrated approach, a design ofone exoskeleton is presented which allows patients performcomplex movements in four degrees of freedom (DOF)rehabilitation system. The system is controlled by means ofuser interface developed with Lab view v8.6 software thatsupports control and user interaction with the exoskeleton;so it’s possible for therapist to modify the patient routineincluding new movements and a number of repetitions inarticulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist. On otherhand system permits bio-feedback of electromyogrampatient activity during rehabilitation sessions. Results:Biomechanical analyses and structure design, implementationof power systems, the development of the controlsystem and user interface as well as its integration withthe mechanical system is presented. Conclusions: A robotarm exoskeleton device with four DOF; able to developcomplex, accurate and repetitive therapeutic routines forarticulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist trough aninterface is shown. The device permits to follow chronologicallypatient outcomes recording the electromyogramactivity during rehabilitation progress

Robotic Training System for Upper Limb Rehabilitation1

IntroIntroducción: Un exoesqueleto se conceptualiza como un mecanismo estructural externo cuyos segmentos y articulaciones se corresponden con las del cuerpo humano y es capaz de coordinar y amplificar sus movimientos. El objetivo del trabajo se enfoca en desarrollar una tecnología de plataforma robótica de asistencia y métodos de cuantificación para la rehabilitación motora de miembros superiores en ambientes clínicos y ambulatorios para pacientes con afecciones motoras como resultados de enfermedades cerebrovasculares.Métodos: Se presenta a partir de una concepción integradora el diseño del prototipo de un exoesqueleto que permite al paciente realizar movimientos combinados a partir de los cuatro grados de libertad que provee el dispositivo de rehabilitación. El sistema es controlado por medio de una interfaz de usuario desarrollada en Labview que soporta el control e interacción del usuario con el exoesqueleto, lo cual posibilita que el terapeuta puede modificar la rutina que debe realizar el paciente incluyendo nuevas trayectorias y el número de repeticiones a seguir por el exoesqueleto en las articulaciones de hombro, codo y muñeca. Adicionalmente, posibilita la retroalimentación visual de la actividad electromiográfica del paciente durante la rehabilitación.Resultados: Se presenta el diseño mecánico de la armadura, implementación de los sistemas de potencia, el desarrollo del sistema de control y de la interfaz de usuario así como su integración con el sistema mecánico.Conclusiones: Se desarrolla y pone en funcionamiento una avanzada plataforma robótica capaz de desarrollar diversas rutinas terapéuticas combinando 4 grados de libertad en hombro, codo y muñeca, capaz de controlar a través de la interfaz desarrollada desplazamientos regulados, exactos y repetitivos, así como seguir cronológicamente la evolución del paciente registrando la actividad mioeléctrica durante el proceso de rehabilitación.Background: Robot-assisted therapy or exoskeleton is an active mechanical device that can be easily adjusted to fit a different patient limb length, and is able to coordinate and amplify movements. The aim of this study focuses on developing a robotic training system and quantification methods for upper limbs rehabilitation in clinic environments to be used in survivor stroke patients with motor disorders or loss of physical strength on one side of the body.Methods: From an integrated approach, a design of one exoskeleton is presented which allows patients perform complex movements in four degrees of freedom (DOF) rehabilitation system. The system is controlled by means of user interface developed with Lab view v8.6 software that supports control and user interaction with the exoskeleton; so it’s possible for therapist to modify the patient routine including new movements and a number of repetitions in articulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist. On other hand system permits bio- feedback of electromyogram patient activity during rehabilitation sessions.Results: Biomechanical analyses and structure design, implementation of power systems, the development of the control system and user interface as well as its integration with the mechanical system is presented.Conclusions: A robot arm exoskeleton device with four DOF; able to develop complex, accurate and repetitive therapeutic routines for articulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist trough an interface is shown. The device permits to follow chronologically patient outcomes recording the electromyogram activity during rehabilitation progress. Background: Robot-assisted therapy or exoskeleton is anactive mechanical device that can be easily adjusted to fita different patient limb length, and is able to coordinateand amplify movements. The aim of this study focuses ondeveloping a robotic training system and quantificationmethods for upper limbs rehabilitation in clinic environmentsto be used in survivor stroke patients with motordisorders or loss of physical strength on one side of thebody. Methods: From an integrated approach, a design ofone exoskeleton is presented which allows patients performcomplex movements in four degrees of freedom (DOF)rehabilitation system. The system is controlled by means ofuser interface developed with Lab view v8.6 software thatsupports control and user interaction with the exoskeleton;so it’s possible for therapist to modify the patient routineincluding new movements and a number of repetitions inarticulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist. On otherhand system permits bio-feedback of electromyogrampatient activity during rehabilitation sessions. Results:Biomechanical analyses and structure design, implementationof power systems, the development of the controlsystem and user interface as well as its integration withthe mechanical system is presented. Conclusions: A robotarm exoskeleton device with four DOF; able to developcomplex, accurate and repetitive therapeutic routines forarticulating joints of shoulder, elbow and wrist trough aninterface is shown. The device permits to follow chronologicallypatient outcomes recording the electromyogramactivity during rehabilitation progress

The HoxD

The mammalian HoxD cluster lies between two topologically associating domains (TADs) matching distinct enhancer-rich regulatory landscapes. During limb development, the telomeric TAD controls the early transcription of Hoxd genes in forearm cells, whereas the centromeric TAD subsequently regulates more posterior Hoxd genes in digit cells. Therefore, the TAD boundary prevents the terminal Hoxd13 gene from responding to forearm enhancers, thereby allowing proper limb patterning. To assess the nature and function of this CTCF-rich DNA region in embryos , we compared chromatin interaction profiles between proximal and distal limb bud cells isolated from mutant stocks where various parts of this boundary region were removed. The resulting progressive release in boundary effect triggered inter-TAD contacts, favored by the activity of the newly accessed enhancers. However, the boundary was highly resilient, and only a 400-kb deletion, including the whole-gene cluster, was eventually able to merge the neighboring TADs into a single structure. In this unified TAD, both proximal and distal limb enhancers nevertheless continued to work independently over a targeted transgenic reporter construct. We propose that the whole HoxD cluster is a dynamic TAD border and that the exact boundary position varies depending on both the transcriptional status and the developmental context

Towards Multimodal Equipment to Help in the Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning Algorithms

COVID-19 occurs due to infection through respiratory droplets containing the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which are released when someone sneezes, coughs, or talks. The gold-standard exam to detect the virus is Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR); however, this is an expensive test and may require up to 3 days after infection for a reliable result, and if there is high demand, the labs could be overwhelmed, which can cause significant delays in providing results. Biomedical data (oxygen saturation level—SpO2, body temperature, heart rate, and cough) are acquired from individuals and are used to help infer infection by COVID-19, using machine learning algorithms. The goal of this study is to introduce the Integrated Portable Medical Assistant (IPMA), which is a multimodal piece of equipment that can collect biomedical data, such as oxygen saturation level, body temperature, heart rate, and cough sound, and helps infer the diagnosis of COVID-19 through machine learning algorithms. The IPMA has the capacity to store the biomedical data for continuous studies and can be used to infer other respiratory diseases. Quadratic kernel-free non-linear Support Vector Machine (QSVM) and Decision Tree (DT) were applied on three datasets with data of cough, speech, body temperature, heart rate, and SpO2, obtaining an Accuracy rate (ACC) and Area Under the Curve (AUC) of approximately up to 88.0% and 0.85, respectively, as well as an ACC up to 99% and AUC = 0.94, respectively, for COVID-19 infection inference. When applied to the data acquired with the IMPA, these algorithms achieved 100% accuracy. Regarding the easiness of using the equipment, 36 volunteers reported that the IPMA has a high usability, according to results from two metrics used for evaluation: System Usability Scale (SUS) and Post Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ), with scores of 85.5 and 1.41, respectively. In light of the worldwide needs for smart equipment to help fight the COVID-19 pandemic, this new equipment may help with the screening of COVID-19 through data collected from biomedical signals and cough sounds, as well as the use of machine learning algorithms