Precisión de la refracción objetiva por wavefront comparada con la refracción subjetiva tomada como prueba de oro

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las diferencias por medio de vectores y análisis estadístico de los datos que resultaron de comparar la refracción subjetiva frente a la refracción objetiva, medida por los mapas de aberración por wavefront (longitud de onda)

Precisión de la refracción objetiva por wavefront comparada con la refracción subjetiva tomada como prueba de oro

Introducción: la refracción subjetiva es utilizada como prueba de oro; incorpora la participación neurosensorial del paciente para definir la mejor visión corregida. Métodos: este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las diferencias por medio de vectores y análisis estadístico de los datos que resultaron de comparar la refracción subjetiva frente a la refracción objetiva, medida por los mapas de aberración por wavefront (longitud de onda). Resultados: se evaluaron 156 ojos con refracción subjetiva y refracción objetiva ORK (wavefront Schwind: instrumento que analiza todas las aberraciones ópticas que llegan al ojo), y las diferencias que se encontraron en miopes, hipermétropes, astigmatismos hipermetrópicos y astigmatismos miópicos, fueron menores de 0.50 dioptrías (70%) con una variación en los ejes hasta en 25 grados. Conclusión: se encontraron diferencias promedio significativas entre la refracción subjetiva tomada como prueba de oro y el Coas (unidad de medida objetiva guiada por longitudes de onda) definido como refracción objetiva. A pesar de encontrar diferencias menores de 0.50 dioptrías, es de gran importancia clínica al momento de realizar una adaptación de gafas, lentes de contacto y/o programación para cirugía refractiva

Demographics and serological profile of blood donors who opt for the confidential unit exclusion in a blood bank in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Blood transfusion is still an irreplaceable therapeutic modality, widely applied to medical care. Clinical interviews and laboratory testing for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) are routinely performed to prevent TTI among the recipients. However, there is still a residual risk of TTI, and some blood banks have adopted the confidential unit exclusion (CUE) as an additional safety strategy. In this study, we investigated the demographic characteristics and laboratory results of the screening of TTI among blood donors who opted for the CUE, compared to blood donors who did not opt for the CUE. In this study, we included 32,261 blood donations collected in a single blood bank in Sao Paulo, Brazil. A very small proportion of donors (0.25%) opted for the CUE. They were mainly single males and were more likely to have HBV, syphilis, and other positive results in the combined screening for TTI, in comparison with those who did not opt for the CUE. This difference was statistically significant in both the univariable and the multivariable analysis adjusted for age, gender , marital status and years of schooling. Our findings highlight that CUE may be a useful tool to improve the safety for blood recipients, but its efficiency is context-dependent

Human carnosinase 1 overexpression aggravates diabetes and renal impairment in BTBR(Ob/Ob)mice

Objective: To assess the influence of serum carnosinase (CN1) on the course of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods: hCN1 transgenic (TG) mice were generated in a BTBROb/Ob genetic background to allow the spontaneous development of DKD in the presence of serum carnosinase. The influence of serum CN1 expression on obesity, hyperglycemia, and renal impairment was assessed. We also studied if aggravation of renal impairment in hCN1 TG BTBROb/Ob mice leads to changes in the renal transcriptome as compared with wild-type BTBROb/Ob mice. Results: hCN1 was detected in the serum and urine of mice from two different hCN1 TG lines. The transgene was expressed in the liver but not in the kidney. High CN1 expression was associated with low plasma and renal carnosine concentrations, even after oral carnosine supplementation. Obese hCN1 transgenic BTBROb/Ob mice displayed significantly higher levels of glycated hemoglobin, glycosuria, proteinuria, and increased albumin-creatinine ratios (1104 ± 696 vs 492.1 ± 282.2 μg/mg) accompanied by an increased glomerular tuft area and renal corpuscle size. Gene-expression profiling of renal tissue disclosed hierarchical clustering between BTBROb/Wt, BTBROb/Ob, and hCN1 BTBROb/Ob mice. Along with aggravation of the DKD phenotype, 26 altered genes have been found in obese hCN1 transgenic mice; among them claudin-1, thrombospondin-1, nephronectin, and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-alpha have been reported to play essential roles in DKD. Conclusions: Our data support a role for serum carnosinase 1 in the progression of DKD. Whether this is mainly attributed to the changes in renal carnosine concentrations warrants further studies. Key messages: Increased carnosinase 1 (CN1) is associated with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).BTBROb/Ob mice with human CN1 develop a more aggravated DKD phenotype.Microarray revealed alterations by CN1 which are not altered by hyperglycemia.These genes have been described to play essential roles in DKD.Inhibiting CN1 could be beneficial in DKD

Bioassays for diagnosis of resistance to the herbicides imidazolinones in rice plants

Cultivares de arroz resistentes aos herbicidas imidazolinonas têm proporcionado a utilização destes para o controle do arroz-vermelho, que é um dos principais problemas da cultura do arroz irrigado. No entanto, biótipos de arroz-vermelho resistentes aos herbicidas imidazolinonas têm ocorrido em várias lavouras dessa cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver métodos expeditos para a identificação de plantas de arroz resistentes aos herbicidas imidazolinonas em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento da planta. Foram utilizados os cultivares de arroz IRGA 422 CL, SATOR CL e PUITÁ INTA CL como padrão resistente aos herbicidas imidazolinonas, e o cultivar IRGA 417, como padrão suscetível. Os bioensaios realizados em sementes, plântulas e afilhos discriminaram de forma efetiva e rápida plantas de arroz resistentes e suscetíveis. As concentrações discriminadoras aos herbicidas imazethapyr + imazapic para os bioensaios de sementes, plântulas e afilhos foram de 0,01, 4 e 3 mM, respectivamente. A utilização desses bioensaios permite a identificação de indivíduos resistentes mesmo durante o desenvolvimento da lavoura, proporcionando assim a adoção de medidas que possam manter a sustentabilidade do controle de arroz-vermelho por meio de cultivares resistentes aos herbicidas.Red rice is the most troublesome weed in rice paddy fields. Herbicide resistant rice cultivars allow red rice control through the herbicides imidazolinones. However, imidazolinone resistant red rice biotypes have occurred in several rice paddy fields. The aim of this study was to develop rapid methods to identify imidazolinone resistant rice plants at different stages of rice plant development. The rice cultivars IRGA 422 CL, SATOR CL and PUITÁ INTA CL were used as wellknown resistant cultivars, and IRGA 417 as a well-known susceptible check. The seed, seedling, and tiller bioassays discriminated resistant and susceptible plants efficiently, being considered fast methods for herbicide resistance diagnosis in rice. The discriminatory concentrations between resistant and susceptible plants to the herbicides imazethapyr + imazapic for the seed, seedling and tiller bioassays were 0.01 mM, 4 mM and 3 mM, respectively. The use of these bioassays allows the identification of resistant individuals even during the rice crop season, and can be used to indicate the need of alternative measures to maintain the sustainability of red rice control in fields cultivated with herbicide resistance cultivars

Bioassays for diagnosis of resistance to the herbicides imidazolinones in rice plants

Cultivares de arroz resistentes aos herbicidas imidazolinonas têm proporcionado a utilização destes para o controle do arroz-vermelho, que é um dos principais problemas da cultura do arroz irrigado. No entanto, biótipos de arroz-vermelho resistentes aos herbicidas imidazolinonas têm ocorrido em várias lavouras dessa cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver métodos expeditos para a identificação de plantas de arroz resistentes aos herbicidas imidazolinonas em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento da planta. Foram utilizados os cultivares de arroz IRGA 422 CL, SATOR CL e PUITÁ INTA CL como padrão resistente aos herbicidas imidazolinonas, e o cultivar IRGA 417, como padrão suscetível. Os bioensaios realizados em sementes, plântulas e afilhos discriminaram de forma efetiva e rápida plantas de arroz resistentes e suscetíveis. As concentrações discriminadoras aos herbicidas imazethapyr + imazapic para os bioensaios de sementes, plântulas e afilhos foram de 0,01, 4 e 3 mM, respectivamente. A utilização desses bioensaios permite a identificação de indivíduos resistentes mesmo durante o desenvolvimento da lavoura, proporcionando assim a adoção de medidas que possam manter a sustentabilidade do controle de arroz-vermelho por meio de cultivares resistentes aos herbicidas.Red rice is the most troublesome weed in rice paddy fields. Herbicide resistant rice cultivars allow red rice control through the herbicides imidazolinones. However, imidazolinone resistant red rice biotypes have occurred in several rice paddy fields. The aim of this study was to develop rapid methods to identify imidazolinone resistant rice plants at different stages of rice plant development. The rice cultivars IRGA 422 CL, SATOR CL and PUITÁ INTA CL were used as wellknown resistant cultivars, and IRGA 417 as a well-known susceptible check. The seed, seedling, and tiller bioassays discriminated resistant and susceptible plants efficiently, being considered fast methods for herbicide resistance diagnosis in rice. The discriminatory concentrations between resistant and susceptible plants to the herbicides imazethapyr + imazapic for the seed, seedling and tiller bioassays were 0.01 mM, 4 mM and 3 mM, respectively. The use of these bioassays allows the identification of resistant individuals even during the rice crop season, and can be used to indicate the need of alternative measures to maintain the sustainability of red rice control in fields cultivated with herbicide resistance cultivars

Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-10-17T14:52:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 daiana_mir_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 1957551 bytes, checksum: 12a92f78884535aba9718d2db12e76b9 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-10-17T15:04:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 daiana_mir_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 1957551 bytes, checksum: 12a92f78884535aba9718d2db12e76b9 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-17T15:04:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 daiana_mir_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 1957551 bytes, checksum: 12a92f78884535aba9718d2db12e76b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Yellow fever virus (YFV) strains circulating in the Americas belong to two distinct genotypes (I and II) that have diversified into several concurrent enzootic lineages. Since 1999, YFV genotype I has spread outside endemic regions and its recent (2017) reemergence in non-endemic Southeastern Brazilian states fuels one of the largest epizootic of jungle Yellow Fever registered in the country. To better understand this phenomenon, we reconstructed the phylodynamics of YFV American genotypes using sequences from nine countries sampled along 60 years, including strains from Brazilian 2017 outbreak. Our analyses reveals that YFV genotypes I and II follow roughly similar evolutionary and demographic dynamics until the early 1990s, when a dramatic change in the diversification process of the genotype I occurred associated with the emergence and dissemination of a new lineage (here called modern). Trinidad and Tobago was the most likely source of the YFV modern-lineage that spread to Brazil and Venezuela around the late 1980s, where it replaced all lineages previously circulating. The modern-lineage caused all major YFV outbreaks detected in non-endemic South American regions since 2000, including the 2017 Brazilian outbreak, and its dissemination was coupled to the accumulation of several amino acid substitutions particularly within non-structural viral proteins

ROOTING OF MINICUTTINGS OF Castanea sativa Mill. HYBRID CLONES

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the growth regulator indole butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of mini-cuttings of Castanea crenata x C. sativa hybrid clones. Minicuttings were left to root for 60 days in an acclimatized greenhouse and then transferred to a shade house for a further 30 days. The experiment was a random block design with a double factorial arrangement consisting of five IBA concentrations (0, 2,500, 5,000, 7,500 and 10,000 mg L-1) and five clones, with three repetitions, composed of eight minicuttings per repetition. The use of IBA significantly affected the rooting and survival of the mini-cuttings, and good rates were achieved. However, at each IBA concentration we found significant differences between clones, thus suggesting that the conditions of the process of mini-cutting propagation should be specifically adapted to each particular clone

Dideoxy single allele-specific PCR - DSASP new method to discrimination allelic

Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease with a high mortality rate in Brazil and worldwide. This work aimed to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs1695, in the Glutathione S-Transferase Pi (GSTP1) gene in GC samples by comparative analysis Specific PCR - ASP and Dideoxy Single Allele-Specific PCR - DSASP methods. The DSASP is the proposed new method for allelic discrimination. This work analyzed 60 GC samples, 26 diffuse and 34 intestinal types. The SNP rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene was significantly associated with GC analyzed by DSASP method (χ 2 = 9.7, P 0.05). These results suggest that the SNP rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene was a risk factor associated with gastric carcinogens is and the DSASP method was a new successfully low-cost strategy to study allelic discrimination