6,681 research outputs found
Voyager 1 and 2 measurements of radial and latitudinal cosmic ray gradients during 1981 - 1984
The cosmic ray radial gradient was determined during 1981-84 using data from very similar detectors onboard spacecraft Voyagers 1 and 2 (radial separation approx. 6 AU, heliolatitude separation approx. 25 deg.) and from the Earth-orbiting satellite IMP 8. The principal result is that the radial gradient over this period decreased at the rate approx. 2.0%/AU between 1 and 16 AU and approx. 0.6%/AU between approx. 16 and 22 AU
Is the magnetic field in the heliosheath laminar or a turbulent bath of bubbles?
All the current global models of the heliosphere are based on the assumption
that the magnetic field in the heliosheath, in the region close to the
heliopause is laminar. We argue that in that region the heliospheric magnetic
field is not laminar but instead consists of magnetic bubbles. Recently, we
proposed that the annihilation of the "sectored" magnetic field within the
heliosheath as it is compressed on its approach to the heliopause produces the
anomalous cosmic rays and also energetic electrons. As a product of the
annihilation of the sectored magnetic field, densely-packed magnetic
islands/bubbles are produced. These magnetic islands/bubbles will be convected
with the ambient flows as the sector region is carried to higher latitudes
filling the heliosheath. We further argue that the magnetic islands/bubbles
will develop upstream within the heliosheath. As a result, the magnetic field
in the heliosheath sector region will be disordered well upstream of the
heliopause. We present a 3D MHD simulation with very high numerical resolution
that captures the north-south boundaries of the sector region. We show that due
to the high pressure of the interstellar magnetic field a north-south asymmetry
develops such that the disordered sectored region fills a large portion of the
northern part of the heliosphere with a smaller extension in the southern
hemisphere. We suggest that this scenario is supported by the following changes
that occur around 2008 and from 2009.16 onward: a) the sudden decrease in the
intensity of low energy electrons detected by Voyager 2; b) a sharp reduction
in the intensity of fluctuations of the radial flow; and c) the dramatic
differences in intensity trends between GCRs at V1 and 2. We argue that these
observations are a consequence of V2 leaving the sector region of disordered
field during these periods and crossing into a region of unipolar laminar
field.Comment: 36 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Ap
Data consistency: toward a terminological clarification
The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21413-9_15Consistency is an inconsistency are ubiquitous term in
data engineering. Its relevance to quality is obvious, since consistency
is a commonplace dimension of data quality. However, connotations are
vague or ambiguous. In this paper, we address semantic consistency,
transaction consistency, replication consistency, eventual consistency and
the new notion of partial consistency in databases. We characterize their
distinguishing properties, and also address their differences, interactions
and interdependencies. Partial consistency is an entry door to living with
inconsistency, which is an ineludible necessity in the age of big data.Decker and F.D. Muñoz—supported by the Spanish MINECO grant TIN 2012-37719-C03-01.Decker, H.; Muñoz EscoĂ, FD.; Misra, S. (2015). Data consistency: toward a terminological clarification. En Computational Science and Its Applications -- ICCSA 2015: 15th International Conference, Banff, AB, Canada, June 22-25, 2015, Proceedings, Part V. Springer International Publishing. 206-220. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21413-9_15S206220Abadi, D.: Consistency tradeoffs in modern distributed database system design: Cap is only part of the story. Computer 45(2), 37–42 (2012)Bailis, P. (2015). http://www.bailis.org/blog/Bailis, P., Ghodsi, A.: Eventual consistency today: limitations, extensions, and beyond. ACM Queue, 11(3) (2013)Balegas, V., Duarte, S., Ferreira, C., Rodrigues, R., Preguica, N., Najafzadeh, M., Shapiro, M.: Putting consistency back into eventual consistency. In: 10th EuroSys. ACM (2015). http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=2741948.2741972Beeri, C., Bernstein, P., Goodman, N.: A sophisticate’s introduction to database normalization theory. In: VLDB, pp. 113–124 (1978)Berenson, H., Bernstein, P., Gray, J., Melton, J., O’Neil, E., O’Neil, P.: A critique of ansi sql isolation levels. SIGMoD Record 24(2), 1–10 (1995)Bermbach, D., Tai, S.: Eventual consistency: how soon is eventual? In: 6th MW4SOC. ACM (2011)BernabĂ©-Gisbert, J., Muñoz-EscoĂ, F.: Supporting multiple isolation levels in replicated environments. Data & Knowledge Engineering 7980, 1–16 (2012)Bernstein, P., Das, S.. Rethinking eventual consistency. In: SIGMOD 2013, pp. 923–928. ACM (2013)Bernstein, P., Hadzilacos, V., Goodman, N.: Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems. Addison-Wesley (1987)Bertossi, L., Hunter, A., Schaub, T.: Inconsistency Tolerance. In: Bertossi, L., Hunter, A., Schaub, T. (eds.) Inconsistency Tolerance. LNCS, vol. 3300, pp. 1–14. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)Bobenrieth, A.: Inconsistencias por quĂ© no? Un estudio filosĂłfico sobre la lĂłgica paraconsistente. Premios Nacionales Colcultura. Tercer Mundo Editores. Magister Thesis, Universidad de los Andes, SantafĂ© de Bogotá, Columbia (1995)Bosneag, A.-M., Brockmeyer, M.: A formal model for eventual consistency semantics. In: PDCS 2002, pp. 204–209. IASTED (2001)Browne, J.: Brewer’s cap theorem (2009). http://www.julianbrowne.com/article/viewer/brewers-cap-theoremCong, G., Fan, W., Geerts, F., Jia, X., Ma, S.: Improving data quality: consistency and accuracy. In: Proc. 33rd VLDB, pp. 315–326. ACM (2007)Dechter, R., van Beek, P.: Local and global relational consistency. Theor. Comput. Sci. 173(1), 283–308 (1997)Decker, H.: Translating advanced integrity checking technology to SQL. In: Doorn, J., Rivero, L. (eds.) Database integrity: challenges and solutions, pp. 203–249. Idea Group (2002)Decker, H.: Historical and computational aspects of paraconsistency in view of the logic foundation of databases. In: Bertossi, L., Katona, G.O.H., Schewe, K.-D., Thalheim, B. (eds.) Semantics in Databases 2001. LNCS, vol. 2582, pp. 63–81. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)Decker, H.: Answers that have integrity. In: Schewe, K.-D., Thalheim, B. (eds.) SDKB 2010. LNCS, vol. 6834, pp. 54–72. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)Decker, H.: New measures for maintaining the quality of databases. In: Murgante, B., Gervasi, O., Misra, S., Nedjah, N., Rocha, A.M.A.C., Taniar, D., Apduhan, B.O. (eds.) ICCSA 2012, Part IV. LNCS, vol. 7336, pp. 170–185. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Decker, H.: A pragmatic approach to model, measure and maintain the quality of information in databases (2012). www.iti.upv.es/~hendrik/papers/ahrc-workshop_quality-of-data.pdf , www.iti.upv.es/~hendrik/papers/ahrc-workshop_quality-of-data_comments.pdf . Slides and comments presented at the Workshop on Information Quality. Univ, Hertfordshire, UKDecker, H.: Answers that have quality. In: Murgante, B., Misra, S., Carlini, M., Torre, C.M., Nguyen, H.-Q., Taniar, D., Apduhan, B.O., Gervasi, O. (eds.) ICCSA 2013, Part II. LNCS, vol. 7972, pp. 543–558. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)Decker, H.: Measure-based inconsistency-tolerant maintenance of database integrity. In: Schewe, K.-D., Thalheim, B. (eds.) SDKB 2013. LNCS, vol. 7693, pp. 149–173. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)Decker, H., Martinenghi, D.: Inconsistency-tolerant integrity checking. IEEE Transactions of Knowledge and Data Engineering 23(2), 218–234 (2011)Decker, H., Muñoz-EscoĂ, F.D.: Revisiting and improving a result on integrity preservation by concurrent transactions. In: Meersman, R., Dillon, T., Herrero, P. (eds.) OTM 2010. LNCS, vol. 6428, pp. 297–306. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)Dong, X.L., Berti-Equille, L., Srivastava, D.: Data fusion: resolving conflicts from multiple sources (2015). http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.00310Eswaran, K., Gray, J., Lorie, R., Traiger, I.: The notions of consistency and predicate locks in a database system. CACM 19(11), 624–633 (1976)Muñoz-EscoĂ, F.D., Ruiz-Fuertes, M.I., Decker, H., Armendáriz-Íñigo, J.E., de MendĂvil, J.R.G.: Extending middleware protocols for database replication with integrity support. In: Meersman, R., Tari, Z. (eds.) OTM 2008, Part I. LNCS, vol. 5331, pp. 607–624. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)Fekete, A.: Consistency models for replicated data. In: Encyclopedia of Database Systems, pp. 450–451. Springer (2009)Fekete, A., Gupta, D., Lynch, V., Luchangco, N., Shvartsman, A.: Eventually-serializable data services. In: 15th PoDC, pp. 300–309. ACM (1996)Gilbert, S., Lynch, N.: Brewer’s conjecture and the feasibility of consistent, available, partition-tolerant web services. SIGACT News 33(2), 51–59 (2002)Golab, W., Rahman, M., Auyoung, A., Keeton, K., Li, X.: Eventually consistent: Not what you were expecting? ACM Queue, 12(1) (2014)Grant, J., Hunter, A.: Measuring inconsistency in knowledgebases. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems 27(2), 159–184 (2006)Gray, J., Lorie, R., Putzolu, G., Traiger, I.: Granularity of locks and degrees of consistency in a shared data base. In: Nijssen, G. (ed.) Modelling in Data Base Management Systems. North Holland (1976)Haerder, T., Reuter, A.: Principles of transaction-oriented database recovery. Computing Surveys 15(4), 287–317 (1983)Herlihy, M., Wing, J.: Linearizability: a correctness condition for concurrent objects. TOPLAS 12(3), 463–492 (1990)R. Ho. Design pattern for eventual consistency (2009). http://horicky.blogspot.com.es/2009/01/design-pattern-for-eventual-consistency.htmlIkeda, R., Park, H., Widom, J.: Provenance for generalized map and reduce workflows. In: CIDR (2011)Kempster, T., Stirling, C., Thanisch, P.: Diluting acid. SIGMoD Record 28(4), 17–23 (1999)Li, X., Dong, X.L., Meng, W., Srivastava, D.: Truth finding on the deep web: Is the problem solved? VLDB Endowment 6(2), 97–108 (2012)Lloyd, W., Freedman, M., Kaminsky, M., Andersen, D.: Don’t settle for eventual: scalable causal consistency for wide-area storage with cops. In: 23rd SOPS, pp. 401–416 (2011)Lomet, D.: Transactions: from local atomicity to atomicity in the cloud. In: Jones, C.B., Lloyd, J.L. (eds.) Dependable and Historic Computing. LNCS, vol. 6875, pp. 38–52. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)Monge, P., Contractor, N.: Theory of Communication Networks. Oxford University Press (2003)Nicolas, J.-M.: Logic for improving integrity checking in relational data bases. Acta Informatica 18, 227–253 (1982)Muñoz-EscoĂ, F.D., IrĂşn, L., H. Decker: Database replication protocols. In: Encyclopedia of Database Technologies and Applications, pp. 153–157. IGI Global (2005)Oracle: Constraints. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14223/constra.htm (May 1, 2015)Ouzzani, M., Medjahed, B., Elmagarmid, A.: Correctness criteria beyond serializability. In: Encyclopedia of Database Systems, pp. 501–506. Springer (2009)Rosenkrantz, D., Stearns, R., Lewis, P.: Consistency and serializability in concurrent datanbase systems. SIAM J. Comput. 13(3), 508–530 (1984)Saito, Y., Shapiro, M.: Optimistic replication. JACM 37(1), 42–81 (2005)Sandhu, R.: On five definitions of data integrity. In: Proc. IFIP WG11.3 Workshop on Database Security, pp. 257–267. North-Holland (1994)Simmons, G.: Contemporary Cryptology: The Science of Information Integrity. IEEE Press (1992)Sivathanu, G., Wright, C., Zadok, E.: Ensuring data integrity in storage: techniques and applications. In: Proc. 12th Conf. on Computer and Communications Security, p. 26. ACM (2005)Svanks, M.: Integrity analysis: Methods for automating data quality assurance. Information and Software Technology 30(10), 595–605 (1988)Technet, M.: Data integrity. https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa933058 (May 1, 2015)Terry, D.: Replicated data consistency explained through baseball. Technical report, Microsoft. MSR Technical Report (2011)Traiger, I., Gray, J., Galtieri, C., Lindsay, B.: Transactions and consistency in distributed database systems. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 7(3), 323–342 (1982)Vidyasankar, K.: Serializability. In: Encyclopedia of Database Systems, pp. 2626–2632. Springer (2009)Vogels, W.: Eventually consistent (2007). http://www.allthingsdistributed.com/2007/12/eventually_consistent.html . Other versions in ACM Queue 6(6), 14–19. http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=1466448 (2008) and CACM 52(1), 40–44 (2009)Wikipedia: Consistency model. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistency_model (May 1, 2015)Wikipedia: Data integrity. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_integrity (May 1, 2015)Wikipedia: Data quality. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_quality (May 1, 2015)Yin, X., Han, J., Yu, P.: Truth discovery with multiple conflicting information providers on the web. IEEE Transactions of Knowledge and Data Engineering 20(6), 796–808 (2008)Young, G.: Quick thoughts on eventual consistency (2010). http://codebetter.com/gregyoung/2010/04/14/quick-thoughts-on-eventual-consistency/ (May 1, 2015
Hadron structure in tau -> KKpi nu_tau decays
We analyse the hadronization structure of both vector and axial-vector
currents leading to tau -> KKpi nu_tau decays. At leading order in the 1/Nc
expansion, and considering only the contribution of the lightest resonances, we
work out, within the framework of the resonance chiral Lagrangian, the
structure of the local vertices involved in those processes. The couplings in
the resonance theory are constrained by imposing the asymptotic behaviour of
vector and axial-vector spectral functions ruled by QCD. In this way we predict
the hadron spectra and conclude that, contrarily to previous assertions, the
vector contribution dominates by far over the axial-vector one in all KKpi
charge channels.Comment: 32 pages, 7 figure
New insights into mouse limb synovial joint morphogenesis by Gdf5-Cre and Gdf5-CreERT2 cell lineage tracing
Radiative Tau Decays with One Pseudoscalar Meson
We have calculated the decay . We present
the photon energy spectrum, the meson-photon invariant mass spectrum and the
integrated rate as a function of a photon energy cut or an invariant mass cut.
Both the internal bremsstrahlung and the structure dependent radiation have
been taken into account. To this aim we have parametrized the form factors
and , which determine the structure dependent radiation. Observables
especially suited for the measurement of the structure dependent form factors
are found and implications on the width of the discussed.Comment: p.20, TTP93-1, LaTe
Contact glow discharge electrolysis: Effect of electrolyte conductivity on discharge voltage
Contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE) can be exploited in environmental chemistry for the degradation of pollutants in wastewater. This study focuses on the employment of cheap materials (e.g., steel and tungsten) as electrodes for experiments of CGDE conducted in electrochemical cells with variable electrolytic composition. A clear correlation between breakdown voltage (VB)/discharge (or midpoint) voltage (VD) and the conductivity of the electrolyte is shown. Regardless of the chemical nature of the ionogenic species (acid, base or salt), the higher the conductivity of the solution, the lower the applied potential required for the onset of the glow discharge. Concerning practical application, these salts could be added to poorly conductive wastewaters to increase their conductivity and thus reduce the ignition potential necessary for the development of the CGDE. Such an effect could render the process of chemical waste disposal from wastewaters more economical. Moreover, it is evidenced that both VB and VD are practically independent on the ratio anode area to cathode area if highly conductive solutions are employed. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Mirror symmetry breaking as a problem in dynamical critical phenomena
The critical properties of the Frank model of spontaneous chiral synthesis
are discussed by applying results from the field theoretic renormalization
group (RG). The long time and long wavelength features of this microscopic
reaction scheme belong to the same universality class as multi-colored directed
percolation processes. Thus, the following RG fixed points (FP) govern the
critical dynamics of the Frank model for d<4: one unstable FP that corresponds
to complete decoupling between the two enantiomers, a saddle-point that
corresponds to symmetric interspecies coupling, and two stable FPs that
individually correspond to unidirectional couplings between the two chiral
molecules. These latter two FPs are associated with the breakdown of mirror or
chiral symmetry. In this simplified model of molecular synthesis, homochirality
is a natural consequence of the intrinsic reaction noise in the critical
regime, which corresponds to extremely dilute chemical systems.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Approximate Analytic Solution for the Spatiotemporal Evolution of Wave Packets undergoing Arbitrary Dispersion
We apply expansion methods to obtain an approximate expression in terms of
elementary functions for the space and time dependence of wave packets in a
dispersive medium. The specific application to pulses in a cold plasma is
considered in detail, and the explicit analytic formula that results is
provided. When certain general initial conditions are satisfied, these
expressions describe the packet evolution quite well. We conclude by employing
the method to exhibit aspects of dispersive pulse propagation in a cold plasma,
and suggest how predicted and experimental effects may be compared to improve
the theoretical description of a medium's dispersive properties.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, RevTe
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