4 research outputs found

    Estudo da zonação vertical da alteração hidrotermal e mineralizações associadas na área do Depósito Santa Maria - Minas do Camaquã, RS

    No full text
    O distrito mineiro de Minas do Camaquã, localizado a 300 km a sudoeste de Porto Alegre, estabeleceu-se por dezenas de anos, desde o final do século XIX até o fim do século XX, como a principal reserva de cobre do sul do país. O local está associado à evolução geológica da Bacia do Camaquã, localizada no centro do Escudo Sul-Rio-Grandense. Desde o início da extração mineral na região, estudos discutindo a gênese e as características das mineralizações têm fomentado debates e sofrido aperfeiçoamentos. No entanto, ainda existem inúmeras dúvidas a cerca do comportamento dos fluidos hidrotermais que geraram a mineralização e como essa se distribui no tempo e no espaço. Nesse contexto, o projeto tem como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar temporal e espacialmente a formação das zonações verticais das alterações hidrotermais e mineralizações associadas na área 2 do Depósito Santa Maria. Dois testemunhos de sondagem da Nexa Resources pertencentes à área 2 do depósito foram estudados através das técnicas de microscopia óptica, difração de raios X, microssonda eletrônica, fluorescência de raios X, espectroscopia no infravermelho e ICP-MS. Foi possível então, determinar que: a região estudada é marcada pela sucessão de múltiplos pulsos hidrotermais, de variadas composições e condições geoquímicas, que demonstram intercalações de processos oxidantes e redutores; que a camada litológica denominada hidrotermalito pode ter sido o conduto principal por onde os fluidos hidrotermais percolaram nas litologias, gerando, nesse horizonte, uma alteração argílica intermediária pervasiva, cuja intensidade diminui conforme o afastamento da região, tanto em direção à superfície quanto para porções mais profundas da rocha, passando para uma alteração fílica pervasiva seletiva e não pervasiva; que a precipitação do minério de cobre, o mais abundante nesses testemunhos, foi precoce levando-se em conta todos os eventos hidrotermais, tendo sido depositado antes das fases de argilominerais como ilita e clorita; e que a precipitação dos argilominerais na zona com alteração argílica intermediária pode ter ocorrido em temperaturas entre 130,23 e 197,88 °C ou entre 232,08 e 268,38 °C, valores obtidos com geotermômetros que utilizaram os resultados de microssonda eletrônica das análises de cloritas.The mining district of Minas do Camaquã, located 300 km southwest of Porto Alegre, RS, has been established for dozens of years, from the end of the 19th century until the end of the 20th century, as the main copper reserve in southern Brazil. It is associated with the geological evolution of the Camaquã Basin, located in the center of the Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield. Since the beginning of the mineral extraction in the region, studies discussing the genesis and the characteristics of the mineralizations have fomented discussions and undergone improvements. However there are still many questions about the behavior of hydrothermal fluids that generated the mineralization and how it is distributed in time and space. In this context, the project aims to characterize and evaluate temporal and spatially the formation of vertical zonations of hydrothermal alterations and associated mineralizations in Area 2 of the Santa Maria Deposit. Two drill cores from Nexa Resources belonging to Area 2 of the deposit were studied using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe, X-ray fluorescence, infrared spectroscopy and ICP-MS techniques. It was possible to determine that the region is marked by the succession of multiple hydrothermal pulses with various compositions and geochemical conditions, which show intercalations of oxidizing and reducing processes. The lithologic layer called hydrothermalite may have been the main conduit through which the hydrothermal fluids percolated in the lithologies, generating, in this horizon, an intermediate pervasive argillic alteration, the intensity of which decreases as the distance from the region increases, both towards the surface and to greater depths, passing to a selective and non-pervasive alteration. The copper ore, the most abundant ore in these drill cores, was early precipitated considering all hydrothermal events, having been deposited before the precipitation of clay minerals as illite and chlorite. The precipitation of the clay minerals in the zone of intermediate argillic alteration could have occurred at temperatures between 130.23 and 197.88 °C or between 232.08 and 268.38 °C, values obtained with geothermometers based on electron microprobe of chlorite analysis

    Mineralogical Study of Levels with Magnesian Clay Minerals in the Santos Basin, Aptian Pre-Salt Brazil

    No full text
    The object of this study is magnesian clay minerals present in carbonate rocks of the post-rift phase of the pre-salt in the Santos Basin. These rocks developed in an Aptian-age alkaline lacustrine environment. This study summarizes the formation of clay minerals associated with different lithotypes in a range of 19 m and a depth of more than 5100 m. They were characterized from petrographic analysis by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (total sample and clay fraction), and modeling by Newmod®; and examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. An approach based on identifying lithotypes and characterization of microsites allowed us to understand the occurrence of different clay minerals. Kerolite was the most abundant mineral in the sampled range. It occurs in lamellar aggregates under greater preservation of the original rock lamination and in association with spherulites and shrubs. The Stv/Ker mixed layers occurs in the same association, and formed finer unlaminated aggregates associated with the more intense dolomitization and silicification processes. Saponite occurs associated with detrital minerals forming clayey levels intercalated with microcrystalline carbonates. Fluids with a high Mg/Si and pH < 9 favor the precipitation of kerolite. The increase in pH during diagenesis may be responsible for the formation of Stv/Ker mixed layers
    corecore