145 research outputs found
Overview of the National Occupational Mortality Surveillance (NOMS) System: Leukemia and Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk by Industry and Occupation in 30 US States 1985–1999, 2003–2004, and 2007
Background Cancer and chronic disease are leading causes of death in the US with an estimated cost of $46 billion.
Methods We analyzed 11 million cause-specific deaths of US workers age 18–64 years in 30 states during 1985–1999, 2003–2004, and 2007 by occupation, industry, race, gender, and Hispanic origin.
Results The highest significantly elevated proportionate leukemia mortality was observed in engineers, protective service, and advertising sales manager occupations and in banks/savings &loans/credit agencies, public safety, and public administration industries. The highest significantly elevated smoking-adjusted acute myocardial infarction mortality was noted in industrial and refractory machinery mechanics, farmers, mining machine operators, and agricultural worker occupations; and wholesale farm supplies, agricultural chemical, synthetic rubber, and agricultural crop industries.
Conclusions Significantly elevated risks for acute myocardial infarction and leukemia were observed across several occupations and industries that confirm existing reports and add new information
Leukaemia incidence among workers in the shoe and boot manufacturing industry: a case-control study
BACKGROUND: Previous reports have indicated an excess of leukaemia in Broome County, New York, particularly in the Town of Union. Surveillance of cancer incidence data indicates that a large proportion of these cases occurred among males ages 65 and older. Shoe and boot manufacturing has been the largest single industry in this area throughout much of the past century. Occupational studies from Europe suggest a link between leukaemia and employment in the shoe and boot manufacturing industry. However, researchers have not found a positive association between leukaemia and employment in the shoe industry among workers in the United States. METHODS: A matched case-control study was conducted to investigate the association between leukaemia incidence among males 65 and older and employment in the shoe and boot manufacturing industry. Thirty-six cases of leukaemia occurring between 1981–1990; among males age 65 and older; residing in the town of Union met the study case criteria. Death certificates were obtained for each of the cases. These were matched to death certificates of 144 controls on date of death and date of birth +/- 1 year. Death certificates were then examined to determine the employer and occupation of each study subject. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the risk of leukaemia among those working in the industry. RESULTS: The risk of both leukaemia (OR = 1.47; 95% CI 0.70, 3.09) and acute myeloid leukaemia (OR = 1.19; 95% CI 0.33, 4.28) were elevated among those employed in the shoe and boot manufacturing industry, however neither was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The results, though suggestive of an association between leukaemia and employment in the shoe and boot manufacturing industry, were not statistically conclusive due mainly to limited study power. Several additional limitations may also have prevented the observance of more conclusive findings. Better exposure assessment, information on length of exposure and types of job held, control of confounding factors and information on chemicals used by this company would strengthen any future investigation
Comparison of smoking, drinking, and marijuana use between students present or absent on the day of a school-based survey
ABSTRACT: The aim of this population-based survey was to compare the prevalence of selected risk behaviors between students present or absent on the day of a school-based survey. The study population was a representative sample of all students of secondary schools in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean). Students absent on the day of the survey were traced and requested to complete the same self-administered questionnaire as did present students. Self-reported consumption of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana were measured. Of the sample of 1453 eligible students aged 11 to 17 years, 1321 ''present students'' completed the survey (90.9% participation), 11 refused to answer all questions, and 121 were not present at school. We could trace 105 of the 121 students not present at school on the survey day (''absent students''), and all of them completed the questionnaire over the next 4 weeks. The prevalence of risk behaviors was significantly higher in absent than present students for current smoking and drinking. Inclusion of data from the absent students resulted in a relative increase in the prevalence of the considered behaviors by 3% to 8% as compared to data based on present students only. In conclusion, the prevalence of risk behaviors was higher in absent than present students. Adjusting for data of absent students increased the prevalence estimates in the base population. [Authors]]]>
eng
oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_32B4B43F6575
2022-05-07T01:14:38Z
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https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_32B4B43F6575
International Perspectives in industrialized countries: where do we stand on the measurement of the quality of care and patient safety ?
Januel, J.M.
info:eu-repo/semantics/other
booklet
2015
eng
oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_32B51818A8DB
2022-05-07T01:14:38Z
openaire
documents
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https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_32B51818A8DB
“I thought you were okay”: Participatory Design with Young Adults to Fight Multiparty Privacy Conflicts in Online Social Networks
info:doi:10.1145/3461778.3462040
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1145/3461778.3462040
Salehzadeh Niksirat, Kavous
Anthoine-Milhomme, Evanne
Randin, Samuel
Huguenin, Kévin
Cherubini, Mauro
info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
inproceedings
2021-06
Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference (DIS)
eng
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/SNF/Projects/190762///
https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_32B51818A8DB.P001/REF.pdf
http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_32B51818A8DB5
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_32B51818A8DB5
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_32B5D292A794
2022-05-07T01:14:38Z
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https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_32B5D292A794
Evolutionary Graph Models with Dynamic Topologies on the Ubichip
Peña, J. C.
Peña, J.
Upegui, A.
info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
inproceedings
2008
ICES 2008, LNCS 5216, pp. 59-70
Gregory S. Hornby, (ed.)
Lukas, Sekanina (ed.)
Pauline C. Haddow, (ed.)
eng
oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_32B62D0D1860
2022-05-07T01:14:38Z
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https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_32B62D0D1860
Vaccination with a Melan-A peptide selects an oligoclonal T cell population with increased functional avidity and tumor reactivity.
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/11937585
Valmori, D.
Dutoit, V.
Schnuriger, V.
Quiquerez, A.L.
Pittet, M.J.
Guillaume, P.
Rubio-Godoy, V.
Walker, P.R.
Rimoldi, D.
Liénard, D.
Cerottini, J.C.
Romero, P.
Dietrich, P.Y.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
article
2002
Journal of Immunology, vol. 168, no. 8, pp. 4231-4240
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0022-1767
urn:issn:0022-1767
<![CDATA[Both the underlying molecular mechanisms and the kinetics of TCR repertoire selection following vaccination against tumor Ags in humans have remained largely unexplored. To gain insight into these questions, we performed a functional and structural longitudinal analysis of the TCR of circulating CD8(+) T cells specific for the HLA-A2-restricted immunodominant epitope from the melanocyte differentiation Ag Melan-A in a melanoma patient who developed a vigorous and sustained Ag-specific T cell response following vaccination with the corresponding synthetic peptide. We observed an increase in functional avidity of Ag recognition and in tumor reactivity in the postimmune Melan-A-specific populations as compared with the preimmune blood sample. Improved Ag recognition correlated with an increase in the t(1/2) of peptide/MHC interaction with the TCR as assessed by kinetic analysis of A2/Melan-A peptide multimer staining decay. Ex vivo analysis of the clonal composition of Melan-A-specific CD8(+) T cells at different time points during vaccination revealed that the response was the result of asynchronous expansion of several distinct T cell clones. Some of these T cell clones were also identified at a metastatic tumor site. Collectively, these data show that tumor peptide-driven immune stimulation leads to the selection of high-avidity T cell clones of increased tumor reactivity that independently evolve within oligoclonal populations
Autism and Intellectual Disability Are Differentially Related to Sociodemographic Background at Birth
Background: Research findings investigating the sociodemographics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been inconsistent and rarely considered the presence of intellectual disability (ID). Methods: We used population data on Western Australian singletons born from 1984 to 1999 (n = 398,353) to examine the sociodemographic characteristics of children diagnosed with ASD with or without ID, or ID without ASD compared with non-affected children. Results: The profiles for the four categories examined, mild-moderate ID, severe ID, ASD without ID and ASD with ID varied considerably and we often identified a gradient effect where the risk factors for mild-moderate ID and ASD without ID were at opposite extremes while those for ASD with ID were intermediary. This was demonstrated clearly with increased odds of ASD without ID amongst older mothers aged 35 years and over (odds ratio (OR) = 1.69 [CI: 1.18, 2.43]), first born infants (OR = 2.78; [CI: 1.67, 4.54]), male infants (OR = 6.57 [CI: 4.87, 8.87]) and increasing socioeconomic advantage. In contrast, mild-moderate ID was associated with younger mothers aged less than 20 years (OR = 1.88 [CI: 1.57, 2.25]), paternal age greater than 40 years (OR = 1.59 [CI: 1.36, 1.86]), Australian-born and Aboriginal mothers (OR = 1.60 [CI: 1.41, 1.82]), increasing birth order and increasing social disadvantage (OR = 2.56 [CI: 2.27, 2.97]). Mothers of infants residing in regional or remote areas had consistently lower risk of ASD or ID and may be linked to reduced access to services or underascertainment rather than a protective effect of location. Conclusions: The different risk profiles observed between groups may be related to aetiological differences or ascertainment factors or both. Untangling these pathways is challenging but an urgent public health priority in view of the supposed autism epidemic
Early death and causes of death of people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review
Background: Death of people with intellectual disabilities is considered to be earlier than for the general population. Methods: Databases were searched for intellectual disability AND death key words. Strict inclusion/exclusion criteria were used. Information was extracted from selected papers, tabulated, and synthesised. Results: 27/19,111 articles met criteria. Death was earlier by 20 years. It has improved in recent decades; however the same inequality gap with the general population remains. More severe intellectual disabilities, and/or additional co-morbidities rendered it shortest. Standardised Mortality Rates showed a greater inequality for women than men. Respiratory and circulatory diseases were the main causes of death. Cancer was less common, and profile differed from the general population. Some deaths are potentially avoidable. All research is from high income countries, and cause of death is surprisingly little investigated. Conclusions: Improved anticipatory health care such as health checks and initiatives addressing relevant health risks are recommended
Medical follow-up for workers exposed to bladder carcinogens: the French evidence-based and pragmatic statement
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