New mixed adaptive detection algorithm for moving target with big data

Aiming at the troubles (such as complex background, illumination changes, shadows and others on traditional methods) for detecting of a walking person, we put forward a new adaptive detection algorithm through mixing Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), edge detection algorithm and continuous frame difference algorithm in this paper. In time domain, the new algorithm uses GMM to model and updates the background. In spatial domain, it uses the hybrid detection algorithm which mixes the edge detection algorithm, continuous frame difference algorithm and GMM to get the initial contour of moving target with big data, and gets the ultimate moving target with big data. This algorithm not only can adapt to the illumination gradients and background disturbance occurred on scene, but also can solve some problems such as inaccurate target detection, incomplete edge detection, cavitation and ghost which usually appears in traditional algorithm. As experimental result showing, this algorithm holds better real-time and robustness. It is not only easily implemented, but also can accurately detect the moving target with big data

Policy Issues in Implementing Smart Cards in Urban Public Transit Systems

Many public transportation institutions have been discarding their magnetic strip payment cards or traditional cash-based fee collection systems in favor of automated fare collection systems with smart card technology. Smart cards look like traditional credit cards or ID cards; however, using RFID technology, they allow for contactless payment and identification. Smart cards are becoming increasingly popular among transit agencies primarily because they are convenient for customers, reduce administrative costs for transit agencies, and have the potential of improving the performance of complex transit systems overall. The increased availability and affordability of contactless cards has also contributed to this trend in adoption

The impact of hospital attributes on patient choice for first visit

The underutilization of primary care in urban China threatens the efficiency and effectiveness of the Chinese health system. To guide patient flow to primary care, the Chinese government has rolled out a sequence of health care reforms which improve the affordability, the infrastructure and workforce of the primary care system. However, these measures have not yielded the desired effect on the utilization of primary care, which is lowest in urban areas. It is unclear how the factors identified to influence facility choice in urban China are actually impacting choice behaviour. We conducted a discrete choice experiment to elicit the quantitative impact of facility attributes when choosing a health care facility for first visit and analysed how the stated choice varies with these attributes. We found that the respondents placed different weights on the identified attributes, depending on whether they perceived their condition to be minor or severe. For conditions perceived as minor, the respondents valued visit time, equipment and medical skill most. For conditions perceived as severe, they placed most importance on equipment, travel time and facility size. We found that for conditions perceived as minor, only 14% preferred visiting a facility over opting out, a percentage which would more than double to 37% if community health centres were maximally improved. For conditions perceived as severe, improvements in community health centres may almost double first visits to primary care, mostly from patients who would otherwise choose higher-level facilities. Our findings suggest that for both severity conditions, improvements to medical equipment and medical skill at community health centres in urban China can effectively direct patient flow to primary care and promote the efficiency and effectiveness of the urban health system

A new particle-tracking approach to simulating transport in heterogeneous fractured porous media

International audienceParticle-tracking methods are often used to model contaminant transport in fractured porous media because they are straightforward to implement for fracture networks and are able to take into account the matrix effect without mesh generation. While classical methods assume infinite matrix or regularly spaced fractures, we have developed a stochastic method adapted to solute transport in complex fracture networks associated with irregular matrix blocks. Diffusion times in the matrix blocks are truncated by the finite size of the blocks. High ratios of matrix diffusion to fracture advection, small fracture apertures, and small blocks favor the transfer of particles to nearby fractures through matrix diffusion. Because diffusion occurs on both sides of the originating fracture before particles reach one of the neighboring fractures, transfer times to both neighboring fractures are strongly affected by the network configurations on both sides of the fracture. This new particleƒ]tracking method is able to deal with complex fracture networks by considering heterogeneous configurations on both sides of the fracture. We finally show on simple Sierpinski lattice structures that neglecting the finite size of the matrix blocks may lead to orders of magnitude overestimations of the transfer times

The controlled teleportation of an arbitrary two-atom entangled state in driven cavity QED

In this paper, we propose a scheme for the controlled teleportation of an arbitrary two-atom entangled state $|\phi>_{12}=a|gg>_{12}+b|ge>_{12}+c|eg>_{12}+d|ee>_{12}$ in driven cavity QED. An arbitrary two-atom entangled state can be teleported perfectly with the help of the cooperation of the third side by constructing a three-atom GHZ entangled state as the controlled channel. This scheme does not involve apparent (or direct) Bell-state measurement and is insensitive to the cavity decay and the thermal field. The probability of the success in our scheme is 1.0.Comment: 10 page

Ozone seasonal evolution and photochemical production regime in the polluted troposphere in eastern China derived from high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometry (FTS) observations

The seasonal evolution of O3 and its photochemical production regime in a polluted region of eastern China between 2014 and 2017 has been investigated using observations. We used tropospheric ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and formaldehyde (HCHO, a marker of VOCs (volatile organic compounds)) partial columns derived from high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometry (FTS); tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2, a marker of NOx (nitrogen oxides)) partial column deduced from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI); surface meteorological data; and a back trajectory cluster analysis technique. A broad O3 maximum during both spring and summer (MAM/JJA) is observed; the day-to-day variations in MAM/JJA are generally larger than those in autumn and winter (SON/DJF). Tropospheric O3 columns in June are 1.55x1018moleculescm-2 (56DU (Dobson units)), and in December they are 1.05x1018moleculescm-2 (39 DU). Tropospheric O3 columns in June were ∼ 50% higher than those in December. Compared with the SON/DJF season, the observed tropospheric O3 levels in MAM/JJA are more influenced by the transport of air masses from densely populated and industrialized areas, and the high O3 level and variability in MAM/JJA is determined by the photochemical O3 production. The tropospheric-column HCHO/NO2 ratio is used as a proxy to investigate the photochemical O3 production rate (PO3). The results show that the PO3 is mainly nitrogen oxide (NOx) limited in MAM/JJA, while it is mainly VOC or mixed VOC-NOx limited in SON/DJF. Statistics show that NOx-limited, mixed VOC-NOx-limited, and VOC-limited PO3 accounts for 60.1%, 28.7%, and 11% of days, respectively. Considering most of PO3 is NOx limited or mixed VOC-NOx limited, reductions in NOx would reduce O3 pollution in eastern China

Hydrostatic pressure effects on the Γ–X conduction band mixing and the binding energy of a donor impurity in GaAs–Ga1–xAlxAs quantum wells

ABSTARCT: Mixing between Γ and X valleys of the conduction band in GaAs–Ga1–xAlxAs quantum wells is investigated taken into account the effect of applied hydrostatic pressure. This effect is introduced via the pressure-dependent values of the corresponding energy gaps and the main band parameters. The mixing is considered along the lines of a phenomenological model. Variation of the confined ground state in the well as a function of the pressure is reported. The dependencies of the variationally calculated binding energy of a donor impurity with the hydrostatic pressure and well width are also presented. It is shown that the inclusion of the Γ–X mixing explains the non-linear behavior in the photoluminescence peak of confined exciton states that has been observed for pressures above 20 kbar. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Dyclonine rescues frataxin deficiency in animal models and buccal cells of patients with Friedreich's ataxia.

Inherited deficiency in the mitochondrial protein frataxin (FXN) causes the rare disease Friedreich's ataxia (FA), for which there is no successful treatment. We identified a redox deficiency in FA cells and used this to model the disease. We screened a 1600-compound library to identify existing drugs, which could be of therapeutic benefit. We identified the topical anesthetic dyclonine as protective. Dyclonine increased FXN transcript and FXN protein dose-dependently in FA cells and brains of animal models. Dyclonine also rescued FXN-dependent enzyme deficiencies in the iron-sulfur enzymes, aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase. Dyclonine induces the Nrf2 [nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2] transcription factor, which we show binds an upstream response element in the FXN locus. Additionally, dyclonine also inhibited the activity of histone methyltransferase G9a, known to methylate histone H3K9 to silence FA chromatin. Chronic dosing in a FA mouse model prevented a performance decline in balance beam studies. A human clinical proof-of-concept study was completed in eight FA patients dosed twice daily using a 1% dyclonine rinse for 1 week. Six of the eight patients showed an increase in buccal cell FXN levels, and fold induction was significantly correlated with disease severity. Dyclonine represents a novel therapeutic strategy that can potentially be repurposed for the treatment of FA

Molecular Valves for Controlling Gas Phase Transport Made from Discrete Angstrom-Sized Pores in Graphene

An ability to precisely regulate the quantity and location of molecular flux is of value in applications such as nanoscale 3D printing, catalysis, and sensor design. Barrier materials containing pores with molecular dimensions have previously been used to manipulate molecular compositions in the gas phase, but have so far been unable to offer controlled gas transport through individual pores. Here, we show that gas flux through discrete angstrom-sized pores in monolayer graphene can be detected and then controlled using nanometer-sized gold clusters, which are formed on the surface of the graphene and can migrate and partially block a pore. In samples without gold clusters, we observe stochastic switching of the magnitude of the gas permeance, which we attribute to molecular rearrangements of the pore. Our molecular valves could be used, for example, to develop unique approaches to molecular synthesis that are based on the controllable switching of a molecular gas flux, reminiscent of ion channels in biological cell membranes and solid state nanopores.Comment: to appear in Nature Nanotechnolog