Musicoterapia y una perspectiva histórica y sociológica sobre la muerte: acerca de la obra de Philippe Ariès

El presente artículo aborda el tema de la muerte en el campo de la musicoterapia, entendiendo este fenómeno no solamente como punto culminante y final de la vida de una persona, sino también como un proceso que sucede desde mucho tiempo antes (siglos anteriores) y que continúa también después de la muerte del paciente que se encuentra en un tratamiento musicoterapéutico. Se toman en cuenta a la propia persona que muere, a sus familiares y también a los actores que intervienen desde las distintas instituciones que inciden en las particularidades y toma de decisiones que dan forma, modifican y direccionan el proceso de morir del enfermo. Para lograr este abordaje se realizará una articulación entre nociones teóricas del historiador y sociólogo francés Philippe Ariès (1914-1984) con casos clínicos musicoterapéuticos de pacientes con enfermedad terminal, con el objetivo de observar de qué manera esta articulación posibilita ampliar y enriquecer el campo disciplinar propio de la musicoterapia. La mirada desde esta perspectiva posibilita comprender cómo fenómenos que se observan en la práctica clínica de la musicoterapia son resultado de procesos históricos y sociales que superan el tiempo de vida de una persona y de la propia disciplina musicoteraputica. Así también como algunas intervenciones y técnicas musicoterapéuticas pueden entenderse y fundamentarse desde una mirada histórica y sociológica que trasciende su propio espacio y tiempo histórico y social.This article deals with the subject of death in the field of music therapy, understanding this phenomenon not only as the culminating and final point of a person's life, but also as a process that takes place long before (previous centuries) and that continues even after the death of the patient undergoing music therapy treatment. We take into account the dying person himself, his relatives and also the actors that intervene from the different institutions that influence the particularities and decision making that shape, modify and direct the dying process of the patient. To achieve this approach, an articulation will be made between theoretical notions of the French historian and sociologist Philippe Ariès (1914-1984) and clinical music therapy cases of terminally ill patients, with the aim of observing how this articulation makes it possible to broaden and enrich the disciplinary field of music therapy. This perspective makes it possible to understand how phenomena observed in the clinical practice of music therapy are the result of historical and social processes that go beyond the lifetime of a person and of the music therapy discipline itself. Also, some music therapy interventions and techniques can be understood and based on a historical and sociological perspective that transcends its own historical and social space and time.Este artigo trata do tema da morte no campo da musicoterapia, entendendo este fenômeno não apenas como o ponto culminante e final da vida de uma pessoa, mas também como um processo que ocorre muito antes (séculos anteriores) e que continua mesmo após a morte do paciente que está se submetendo ao tratamento de musicoterapia. Ela leva em conta a pessoa que está morrendo, seus parentes e também os atores que intervêm das diferentes instituições que influenciam as particularidades e a tomada de decisões que moldam, modificam e dirigem o processo de morte do paciente. Para alcançar esta abordagem, será feita uma articulação entre noções teóricas do historiador e sociólogo francês Philippe Ariès (1914-1984) e casos clínicos de musicoterapia de pacientes terminais, com o objetivo de observar como esta articulação permite ampliar e enriquecer o campo disciplinar da musicoterapia. Esta perspectiva permite compreender como os fenômenos observados na prática clínica da musicoterapia são o resultado de processos históricos e sociais que vão além da vida de uma pessoa e da própria disciplina da musicoterapia. Além disso, algumas intervenções e técnicas de musicoterapia podem ser compreendidas e baseadas em uma perspectiva histórica e sociológica que transcende seu próprio espaço e tempo histórico e social.Cátedra Libre Musicoterapi

New remains of Prochelidella in the Anacleto Formation (Campanian levels) of Neuquén basin, Patagonia, Argentina

The new turtle remains presented here were recovered from the Anacleto Formation (Campanian) exposed in the Aguada Grande site. This area is located 10 km south of Rincón de Los Sauces city, inthe north of the province of Neuquén, Patagonia, Argentina. The specimen (MAU-Pv-AG-452)consists of a partially preserved skull, carapace remains, an almost complete plastron, and a leftilium. The new specimen is assigned to Pleurodira because its ilium is sutured to the carapace. Both Parietals, the posterior part of frontals and post orbitals, the dorsal region of the supraoccipital, both pterygoids, the basisphenoid, and part of the prootics are recognized in the skull. The carapace remains are represented by a left first costal bone in articulation with a peripheral bone, a left paired costal bone, and another fragmented coastal. The plastron is represented by both epiplastra, theen plastron, left hyoplastron, both hypoplastra, and the left xiphiplastron. The skull shows somecharacters that allow its referral to Prochelidella spp. (e.g., a developed retropterygoid foramen, and a big muscle attachment area over the basisphenoid). The visceral view of the first costal bone exhibitslong auxiliary buttresses that extend 2/3 of the costal width. This condition is also observed in the costal bone of Prochelidella buitreraensis from the Candeleros Formation (Cenomanian). The scutepattern observed in the anterior lobe of the plastron shows a large gular that extends along theentoplastral length and small extragulars over the epiplastra. In contrast, on the scheme observed inProchelidella cerrobarcinae and Prochelidella portezuelae, the gular does not extend beyond the first third of the entoplastron. The material recovered from the Anacleto Formation represents the most complete specimen outside the Prochelidella peak of diversity range (Albian Cenomanian) and the second skull recognized in this genusFil: Maniel, Ignacio Jorge. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Reg.san Rafael. Instituto de Evolucion, Ecologia Historica y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Evolucion, Ecologia Historica y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: de la Fuente, Marcelo Saul. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Reg.san Rafael. Instituto de Evolucion, Ecologia Historica y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Evolucion, Ecologia Historica y Ambiente.; ArgentinaFil: Filippi, Leonardo Sebastián. No especifíca;Simposio de Evolución de TortugasTrelewArgentinaMuseo Paleontológico Egidio FeruglioAsociación Paleontológica Argentin

Diseño y validación de un cuestionario para evaluar la concepción y uso del patrimonio del profesorado de Ciencias Sociales de Educación Secundaria

El presente trabajo analiza el proceso de elaboración y validación de un cuestionario que ha servido como herramienta para conocer las concepciones que tiene el profesorado de Ciencias Sociales de Educación Secundaria sobre el patrimonio, así como el uso que hace del mismo. Este instrumento de recogida de datos se ha construido en el marco de un proyecto de investigación, todavía en curso, que tiene entre sus objetivos analizar la presencia del patrimonio en el currículo educativo, en las programaciones y libros de texto, y conocer el uso y valoración que el profesorado hace del mismo. El cuestionario, que ha requerido de un complejo proceso de elaboración, ha contado con la revisión y validación por parte de expertos y pares que han dado su juicio favorable tras evaluar los diferentes ítems. A tenor de los primeros resultados de la investigación, todavía parciales y en fase inicial de análisis, podemos afirmar que el cuestionario resultante es altamente eficaz, ya que nos ha permitido obtener la información deseada y aproximarnos a aquello que se erigía como principal elemento de interés: la consideración del profesorado de Ciencias Sociales de secundaria, en relación a la utilidad del patrimonio como recurso didáctico en el aula

La emergencia de las drogas sintéticas como acontecimiento farmacopolítico: aguante y plasticidad

This article aims to develop a reflection on the changes in the understanding and significance of the uses of synthetic drugs in modern pharmacotopia. From a genealogical perspective, the text develops a diagnosis of the present, which is empirically based on two ethnographic investigations carried out in Santiago de Chile between 2004 and 2018. The central argument of the article is to affirm that the emergence of synthetic drugs constitutes a pharmacopolitical event, whose effects reconfigure the field of knowledge, government practices, and the politics of experience. In this framework, it problematizes the drug / drug separation, warning of a shift in the regimes of truth with respect to drugs. The analysis of endurance and plasticity is used as fictions that are situated on the horizon of human empowerment. Both figures position us in a fiction of a habitable body in its plasticity, as a symbolic and material expression of a pharmacopolitical turn. The pharmacopolitical fiction is configured around the idea of ​​a human empowerment that operates through somatotechnological experimentation practices and processes of subjectivation.; Este artículo se propone desarrollar una reflexión sobre los cambios en la comprensión y significación de los usos de las drogas sintéticas en la farmacotopía moderna. Desde una perspectiva genealógica, el texto desarrolla un diagnóstico del presente, el cual se fundamenta empíricamente en dos investigaciones etnográficas realizadas en Santiago de Chile entre los años 2004 y 2018. El argumento central del artículo es afirmar que la emergencia de las drogas sintéticas constituye un acontecimiento farmacopolítico, cuyos efectos reconfiguran el campo del saber, las prácticas de gobierno y las políticas de la experiencia. En ese marco, problematiza la separación drogas/medicamento, advirtiendo de un desplazamiento en los regímenes de verdad respecto al fármacon. Se recurre al análisis del aguante y la plasticidad como ficciones que se sitúan en el horizonte del potenciamiento humano. Ambas figuras nos posicionan en la ficción de un cuerpo habitable en su plasticidad, como expresión simbólica y material de un giro farmacopolítico. Esta ficción farmacopolítica se configura en torno a la idea de un potenciamiento humano que opera mediante prácticas de experimentación somatecnológicas y procesos de subjetivación

Cluster microclimate (light and thermal) is a key point of grape maturity in mediterranean semiarid conditions

Se estudian la influencia en el microclima de racimos (temperatura e iluminación) de tres sistemas de conducción en la variedad Syrah en una zona calida

Twist, tilt, and orientational order at the nematic to twist-bend nematic phase transition of 1″,9″-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl) nonane: A dielectric, 2H NMR, and calorimetric study

Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license.-- et al.The nature of the nematic-nematic phase transition in the liquid crystal dimer 1″,9″-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4′-yl) nonane (CB9CB) has been investigated using techniques of calorimetry, dynamic dielectric response measurements, and H2 NMR spectroscopy. The experimental results for CB9CB show that, like the shorter homologue CB7CB, the studied material exhibits a normal nematic phase, which on cooling undergoes a transition to the twist-bend nematic phase (NTB), a uniaxial nematic phase, promoted by the average bent molecular shape, in which the director tilts and precesses describing a conical helix. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry has been used to analyze the nature of the NTB-N phase transition, which is found to be weakly first order, but close to tricritical. Additionally broadband dielectric spectroscopy and H2 magnetic resonance studies have revealed information on the structural characteristics of the recently discovered twist-bend nematic phase. Analysis of the dynamic dielectric response in both nematic phases has provided an estimate of the conical angle of the heliconical structure for the NTB phase. Capacitance measurements of the electric-field realignment of the director in initially planar aligned cells have yielded values for the splay and bend elastic constants in the high temperature nematic phase. The bend elastic constant is small and decreases with decreasing temperature as the twist-bend phase is approached. This behavior is expected theoretically and has been observed in materials that form the twist-bend nematic phase. H2 NMR measurements characterize the chiral helical twist identified in the twist-bend nematic phase and also allow the determination of the temperature dependence of the conical angle and the orientational order parameter with respect to the director.The authors are grateful for financial support from the MICINN project MAT2012-38538-C03-02,03 and from the Eusko Jaurlaritza-Gobierno Vasco (GI/IT-449-10). The authors also acknowledge the recognition from the Generalitat de Catalunya of GRPFM as Emergent Research Group (2009-SGR-1243). N.S. thanks the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a Postdoctoral Research Fellowship.Peer Reviewe

Periodontal health in a population with Parkinson's disease in Spain: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The aim of this research is to evaluate the periodontal health of patients with Parkinson Disease (PD) in a Spanish cohort. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 104 patients with PD (mean age: 66.19+9.3 years) and 106 controls (mean age: 59.26+14.11 years). A pre-designed clinical protocol was implemented, which included a standardized epidemiological index for periodontal disease (CPITN), clinical attachment loss (CAL), tooth-loss, full mouth plaque index (FMPI), and oral hygienic habits. Univariate descriptions and comparative analysis were performed. Results: The majority of PD patients presented good oral hygienic habits. There were no significant differences in relation to CPITN, periodontitis, gingival recessions and tooth loss. However, moderate/severe CAL (p=0.027) and FMPI (p=0.003) was higher in the PD group. Conclusions: There were no differences on periodontitis and tooth loss between both groups. The higher number of advanced CAL and presence of biofilm in the PD group could be related to the difficulties to perform an effective tooth brushing due to this neurological disorder.This research was not supported by any specific agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors

Twist, tilt, and orientational order at the nematic to twist-bend nematic phase transition of 1¿, 9¿-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl) nonane: A dielectric, H 2 NMR, and calorimetric study

The nature of the nematic-nematic phase transition in the liquid crystal dimer 1¿, 9¿-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl) nonane (CB9CB) has been investigated using techniques of calorimetry, dynamic dielectric response measurements, and H2 NMR spectroscopy. The experimental results for CB9CB show that, like the shorter homologue CB7CB, the studied material exhibits a normal nematic phase, which on cooling undergoes a transition to the twist-bend nematic phase (NTB), a uniaxial nematic phase, promoted by the average bent molecular shape, in which the director tilts and precesses describing a conical helix. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry has been used to analyze the nature of the NTB-N phase transition, which is found to be weakly first order, but close to tricritical. Additionally broadband dielectric spectroscopy and H2 magnetic resonance studies have revealed information on the structural characteristics of the recently discovered twist-bend nematic phase. Analysis of the dynamic dielectric response in both nematic phases has provided an estimate of the conical angle of the heliconical structure for the NTB phase. Capacitance measurements of the electric-field realignment of the director in initially planar aligned cells have yielded values for the splay and bend elastic constants in the high temperature nematic phase. The bend elastic constant is small and decreases with decreasing temperature as the twist-bend phase is approached. This behavior is expected theoretically and has been observed in materials that form the twist-bend nematic phase. H2 NMR measurements characterize the chiral helical twist identified in the twist-bend nematic phase and also allow the determination of the temperature dependence of the conical angle and the orientational order parameter with respect to the director

Facts and controversies regarding oral health in Parkinson's disease: A case-control study in Spanish patients.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the leading neurological disorders, affecting more than 6 million people worldwide. These patients present motor and non-motor symptoms, including oral pathology. The objective of this research is to determine the oral health of patients diagnosed with PD, in order to stablish a specific preventive oral health programme. Material and methods: Case-control study on 104 PD and 106 control patients. The pre-designed clinical protocol included a complete oral examination on general aspects, standardised epidemiological index for caries, periodontal disease and edentulism, analysis of oral hygiene, presence of mucous/ salivary/ functional disorder, and dental treatments. Results: A higher number of PD patients consumed daily sweets (p<0.004) and antidepressant drugs (p<0.004). Patients with PD practised less interdental hygiene (p<0.023). The mean plaque index was higher in PD (p<0.003). Drooling (p<0.001), xerostomia (p<0.001), hyposialia (p<0.001), dysphagia (p<0.001), hypogeusia/dysgeusia (p<0.025) and chewing difficulty (p<0.006) were more common in PD. Conclusions: Oral disorders are frequent in PD. A good knowledge of these alterations will allow us design a specific preventive protocol. Some oral alterations may be a sign of diagnostic alert or progression of PD.This research was not supported by any specific agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors